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Contact Name
Rachma Wikandari
Contact Email
rachma_wikandari@mail.ugm.ac.id
Phone
+6285712601130
Journal Mail Official
agritech@ugm.ac.id
Editorial Address
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Location
Kab. sleman,
Daerah istimewa yogyakarta
INDONESIA
agriTECH
ISSN : 02160455     EISSN : 25273825     DOI : 10.22146/agritech
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).
Articles 7 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 28, No 3 (2008)" : 7 Documents clear
Kajian Konsentrasi Bakteri Asam Laktat dan Lama Fermentasi pada Pembuatan Tepung Pati Singkong Asam Rosida Armanto; Anita Sawitri Nurasih
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1649.081 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9771

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the influenc e of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum) concentration andfermentation time on physical and chemical properties of sour cassava starch flour. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with factorial pattern (two factors). The first factor was the concentration of lactic acid bacteria (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 3 %), and the second factor was the fermentation time (0, 3, 6 and 9 days). The best treatment was the combination of concentration of lactic acid bacteria 9 % and 9 days of fermentation. This sour cassava starch flour had 19,6 % flour yield, 0.44 % total acid, 1.984 cps viscosity, 3.88 sour smell score and 276.3 % developing volume of bread. The addition of lactic acid bacteria could shorten fermentation time and produce sour cassava starch flour that had similar properties with the natural one.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi bakteri asam laktat (Lactobacillus plantarum)dan lama fermentasi terhadap sifat fisika dan kimia pati singkong asam. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor (dengan 2 kali ulangan). Faktor I adalah konsentrasi bakteri asam laktat (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, dan 3 % v/b) dan faktor II adalah lama fermentasi (3, 6, 9, dan 12 hari). Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada kombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi bakteri asam laktat 3 % dan lama fermentasi selama 9 hari. Tepung pati singkong asam yang dihasilkan mempunyai rendemen 19,6 %, total asam 0,44%, viskositas 1,984 cps, skor bau asam 3,88 dan volume pengembangan roti 276,3 %. Penambahan bakteri asam laktat dapat mempersingkat waktu fermentasi dan diperoleh tepung dengan sifat yang sama dengan pati singkong asam dari fermentasi alami.
Isolasi dan Aktivitas Penstabil Oksigen Singlet Fraksi Fenolik dari Ekstrak Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) Edi Suryanto; Sri Raharjo; Hardjono Sastrohamidjojo; Tranggono Tranggono
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1650.327 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9772

Abstract

The objectives of this study was to isolate the different phenolic fractions present in andaliman extract and to determinetheir singlet oxygen quenching activities. Andaliman fruit was sequentially extracted with hexane, acetone and ethanol (1:5) for 24 hours, respectively. The extracts of andaliman fruit were further separated by gradient elution methods with column chromatography, using ethyl acetate­methanol as mobile phase and silica gel G­60 as stationary phase. Singlet oxygen quenching activities was examined using linoleic acid as substrates each containing 100 ppm eryth- rosine as a photosensitizer. The active fractions were characterized by IR and UV spectrometry techniques. Fraction II was discovered having properties as quencher of singlet oxygen effectively as well as fraction III. The quenching effect of fractions II and III were much higher than that of α­tocopherol (p<0.05). The fraction II was identified by IR spec- trometry, and the sample showed that strongest absorption at 3356 cm-1  indicating hydroxyl group from the phenolic compounds and the UV spectra showed that data of active fractions indicated an absorption maximum were 204, 221 and 272 nm, respectively. The conclusion was that fractions component of andaliman extract showing singlet oxygen quenching activity was a component having phenolic group.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi perbedaan fraksi fenolik yang terdapat pada ekstrak andaliman dan menentukan aktivitas penstabilan oksigen singlet. Buah andaliman diekstraksi secara berturut­turut dengan heksana, aseton dan etanol (1:5) selama 24 jam. Ekstrak buah andaliman selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan metode elusi gradien dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan etil asetat­metanol sebagai fasa gerak dan silika gel G­60 sebagai fasa diam. Aktivitas penstabilan oksigen singlet diuji menggunakan asam linoleat sebagai substrat yang mengandung 100 ppm eritrosin sebagai fotosensitiser. Fraksi aktif dikarakterisasi dengan teknik spektrometer IR dan UV. Fraksi II dite- mukan memiliki sifat­sifat sebagai penstabil oksigen singlet yang sama efektifnya dengan fraksi III. Efek penstabilan fraksi II dan III lebih tinggi daripada α­tokoferol (p<0,05). Fraksi II diidentifikasi dengan spektrometer IR dan sampel menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penyerapan yang sangat kuat pada 3356 cm-1  yang mengindikasikan adanya gugus hi- droksil dari senyawa fenolik sedangkan spektra UV menunjukkan data fraksi aktif mengindikasikan adanya serapan maksimum berturut­turut adalah 204, 221 dan 272 nm. Kesimpulannya adalah komponen fraksi ekstrak andaliman menunjukkan aktivitas penstabilan oksigen merupakan komponen yang memiliki gugus fenolik.
Simultaneous Determinations of Aflatoxins B , B , G , And G Using Hplc with Photodiode-Array (PDA) Detector in Some Foods Obtained from Yogyakarta, Indonesia Abdul Rohman; Triwahyudi Triwahyudi
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (490.816 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9773

Abstract

A method has been validated for simultaneous determinations of aflatoxins B , B , G and G  using HPLC with photodiode­array (PDA) detector in some foods obtained from Yogyakarta. An optimum condition is reached using column ResolveTM C   (150 mm x 3.9 mm i.d; 5 μm). The mobile phase used is a mixture of methanol­acetonitrile­water (17: 1819: 63 v/v) delivered isocratically at 1.2 ml/min. All aflatoxins were detected at 365 nm. The samples of food (corn, rice,and pea nuts) were obtained from local markets and super markets in Yogyakarta. The sample was prepared by solid phase extraction using a Florisil cartridge.The method revealed a good linearity for all aflatoxins evaluated by determination coefficients (r2) > 0.99. The recoveries of aflatoxins B , B , G and G  are 84.78; 82.14; 85.29; and 89.06 %, respectively. The detections limits are 13.20;9.36; 7.54; and 6.75 μg/L. The RSD values of intra­day precisions are 0.38; 1.27; 3.09; and 1.76 %, respectively. Thevalidated method has been used to quantify the level of flatoxins in foods.
Analisis Citra untuk Mengamati Perubahan Kenampakan Visual Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum, L) Karena Pengeringan ) Rudiati Evi Masithoh; Sony Anshory Kusuma
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2856.542 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9774

Abstract

This research aimed at observing changes of visual appearance of dehydrated sliced red onion (Allium ascalonicum L)and its image parameters, i.e. area and textures (entropy, energy, contrast, and homogeneity) using image processing and analysis. Images analysis was conducted using the image processing system consisted of a webcam, illuminations, computer hardware, and image processing software. Entropy and contrast increased as moisture contents decreased, whereas energy, homogeneity and area decreased as the moisture contents decreased. Statistical analysis resulted in the relationship between red onion moisture content and its textural image parameters, i.e. entropy, energy, homogene- ity and area; while contrast did not contribute significantly to the moisture content. Using the developed machine vision system it is expected to determine the moisture content of sliced red onion based on image parameters, i.e. texture and area.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati perubahan kenampakan visual bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum, L) yangdikeringkan yang dinyatakan dalam parameter citra yaitu area dan tekstur (entropi, energi, kontras, dan homogenitas) menggunakan teknik pengolahan dan analisis citra. Analisis citra dilakukan dengan menggunakan machine vision yang terdiri dari webcam, iluminasi (lampu), komputer dan perangkat lunak pengolah citra. Nilai entropi dan kontras akan mempunyai kecenderungan meningkat jika terjadi penurunan kadar air pada bahan, sedangkan energi, homoge- nitas, dan area akan menurun dengan berkurangnya kadar air. Dari analisis statistik dapat dinyatakan bahwa kadar air bawang merah merupakan fungsi dari parameter citra, yaitu energi, entropi, homogenitas, dan area; sedangkan nilai kontras tidak memberikan kontribusi. Dengan menggunakan machine visión system yang dikembangkan maka diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi kadar air berdasarkan parameter tekstur dan area.
Kinerja Aditif Improver dalam Produksi Rolling Oil Menggunakan Bahan Baku Minyak Sawit M. Ainuri; T. T. Irawadi; A. Suryani; E. Gumbira-Sa’id; Z. A. Mas’ud; E. Hardono
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2857.895 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9775

Abstract

Rolling oil (RO) is a process lubricant that used in metal working industries, especially in cold rolling mill (CRM)process as roll coolants, roll oil and pickler oil. Rolling oil is the mixture of basic lubricant and additives. Basic lubricant of RO usually from mineral or synthetic oil which have problems on process performance as well as in en- vironment. Crude palm oil (CPO) is a potential commodity, but its’ utilities are still very limited. CPO is better than mineral or synthetic oil, especially on environmental conservation and process performance. Therefore, CPO is very potential to replace mineral oil as a base lubricant of RO. To determine the best base lubricant and additives based on characteristic analysis and performance uses two approaches, the statistical approach  used to know whether the treatment is effective or not and zero one method used to get the best decision from more alternatives and criteria. In general, CPO characteristics generally is similar with commercial RO characteristics. Yet, deviation of the acid value, peroxside value, iodine value, moisture and Fe content can be minimized by purification and mixture of olein fraction. Performance of improver additive, emulsifier (EM), viscocity index improver (VII) and extrime pressure (EP) produces three kinds of the best additive namely emulfluid A (Ed) as a emulsifier additive, AP. 5315 (Va) as a viscosity index improver and AP.2337 (Pb) as a extreme pressure. Interaction phenomena distinguish the more purify of CPO purification process the more interactive for additive, and interaction between additives distinguishes that additives of VII affect to emulsion performance and EP additives have negative effects on emulsion and viscosity performance. Selection of the best concentration of the best improver additives results; Ed 2.0 % (w/w) with alternative value of 35%, Va 2.0 % (w/w) with alternative value 42,9 % and Pb 2.0% with alternative value 46.25 %.ABSTRAKRolling oil (RO) adalah salah satu pelumas proses yang digunakan di industri logam, khususnya  pada proses coldrolling mill (CRM), berfungsi sebagai roll collants, roll oil dan pickler oil. Bahan utama RO adalah pelumas dasar dan aditif. Pelumas dasar RO pada umumnya berasal dari minyak bumi atau minyak sintetik yang memiliki permasala- han baik dalam kinerja proses maupun lingkungan. Minyak kelapa sawit (CPO) merupakan komoditas potensial, tetapi pemanfaatannya masih terbatas. CPO lebih baik dibanding minyak mineral dan sintetik khususnya terhadap konservasi lingkungan dan kinerja proses. Oleh kerena itu, CPO berpeluang menggantikan minyak mineral sebagai pelumas dasar RO. Pemilihan pelumas dasar dan aditif pada produksi RO didasarkan atas analisis karakteristik dan kinerja yang menggunakan dua pendekatan; statistik untuk mengetahui efektifitas perlakuan, dan metode  zero one untuk penentuan pilihan terbaik dari banyak alternatif dan kriteria. Secara umum, karakteristik CPO tidak jauh berbeda dengan karateristik RO komersial. Perbedaan pada bilangan asam, peroksida, dan iod, serta kadar air dan kadar Fe dapat diperkecil melalui proses purifikasi dan pencampuran fraksi olein. Kinerja aditif improver, emulsifier (EM), viscocity index improver (VII) dan extreme pressure (EP) diperoleh tiga macam aditif terbaik, yaitu emulfluid A (Ed) sebagai aditif emulsifier, AP. 5315 (Va) aditif viscosity index improver dan AP.2337 (Pb) aditif extreme pressure. Fenomena interaksi CPO dangan aditif menunjukkan semakin murni CPO semakin kuat dan interaksi antara aditif dengan aditif menunjukkan bahwa aditif VII berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja emulsi dan aditif EP negatif terh- adap kinerja emulsi dan viskositas.  Sedang konsentrasi aditif improver terbaik  adalah Ed 2.0 % (w/w) dengan nilai alternatif  35 %, Va  2.0 % (w/w) dengan nilai alternatif  42,9 % dan Pb  2.0%  dengan nilai alternatif  46.25 %.
Penentuan Laju Degradasi Prasarana Irigasi Menggunakan Metode Statistik Judy Kurniawan; Putu Sudira; Sigit Supadmo Arif
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2856.2 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9776

Abstract

Degradation process of irrigation infrastructures is one of the most important things and determines the last result ofAsset Management Planning (AMP). Degradation process will determine irrigation infrastructure’s lifetime, hence, it will influence the whole process of AMP, and finally influence the management of irrigation infrastructures. The objec- tive of this research aims at developing a model of the degradation rate of irrigation infrastructures, as one input for AMP, to support decision making in irrigation infrastructure management. This research was conducted at Sidandang, Pengasih, Jering and Mejing irrigation schemes located at Magelang, Kulonprogo, Sleman, and Bantul Districts, respectively. Statistical model was used to analysis the rate of degradation of irrigation infrastructures.  The model requires the relation between time for degradation and the number of degradations. The data used for analysis was secondary data of asset condition in several years. The result shows that linear model that has been regularly used before is not valid to predict the rate of degradation of irrigation infrastructures based on irrigation facet age. The exponential model was developed in order to find out the more suitable procedure to predict the rate of degradation process based on irrigation facet age, and effective for all types of facet at all types of asset. The rate of degradation process of irrigation asset condition is highly influenced by the rock composition factor and soil physical characteris- tics of asset construction.ABSTRAKProses degradasi prasarana irigasi merupakan salah satu bagian penting dan sangat menentukan hasil akhir perenca-naan manajemen aset (PMA). Hal ini disebabkan karena proses degradasi menentukan umur prasarana irigasi, yang akan mempengaruhi seluruh proses PMA, dan akhirnya juga akan mempengaruhi pengelolaan prasarana irigasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menyusun suatu model laju degradasi prasarana irigasi sebagai salah satu masukan kegiatan PMA untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan dalam pengelolaan prasarana irigasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Daerah Irigasi Sidandang, Pengasih, Jering, dan Mejing, masing­masing terletak di Kabu- paten Magelang, Kulonprogo, Sleman dan Bantul. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis laju degradasi prasa- rana irigasi adalah pemodelan statistik dengan menghitung hubungan variabel waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk setiap proses degradasi dan jumlah kerusakan. Data yang dipergunakan untuk analisis adalah data sekunder kondisi aset irigasi dalam waktu beberapa tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model linier yang biasa digunakan selama ini tidak handal untuk memprediksi laju degradasi sarana irigasi berdasarkan umur faset irigasi. Model eksponensial yang dikembangkan lebih handal untuk memprediksi laju degradasi prasarana irigasi berdasarkan umur faset irigasi, dan berlaku untuk semua tipe faset pada semua tipe aset. Proses degradasi kondisi aset irigasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor komposisi batuan dan sifat fisik tanah penyusun aset.
Kajian Eksergi pada Mesin Pendingin Adsorpsi Menggunakan Pasangan Silikagel-Metanol Bayu Rudiyanto; Kamaruddin Abdullah; Armansyah H. Tambunan
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (783.047 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9777

Abstract

Adsorption refrigeration system (ARS) is one of environment friendly refrigerating machines, which can be operatedby using renewable energy sources available locally such as solar and biomass. The experimental adsorption refrigera- tion system developed in this study utilizes silica gel­methanol combination as the adsorbent and refrigerant which is harmless for human being. The objectives of the research were to identify the performance of adsorption refrigeration system using silicagel­methanol and to conduct exergy analysis of adsorption refrigeration system. The research was started by testing of ARS and than developing energy and exergy balance to determine the exergy loss from the ARS. The results show that the value of exergy loss was obtained for each process in ARS. The exergy loss expresses the most ineffective operation of ARS. The exergy loss in desorption process was found 35.33 Watt (90.57 %). The Condensation process was found 0.2 Watt (0.51 %). The evaporation was found 0.07 Watt (0.18 %) and adsorption process was found1.37 Watt (3.51 %).ABSTRAKSistem pendingin adsorpsi merupakan salah satu dari sistem pendingin yang ramah lingkungan, dimana dalam ope-rasinya sistem ini dapat dibangkitkan menggunakan sumber energi terbarukan seperti biomassa ataupun sinar surya. Sistem pendingin adsorpsi yang digunakan dalam percobaan ini menggunakan pasangan silika gel-metanol sebagai absorben dan refrigeran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan kinerja mesin pendingin adsorpsi intermit- ten pasangan silikagel-metanol dan melakukan analisis eksergi pada mesin pendingin adsorpsi intermitten pasangan silikagel­metanol. Metode penelitian diawali dengan pengujian terhadap kebocoran pada semua komponen di da- lam sistem pendingin adsorpsi dan dilanjutkan dengan pengujian sistem pendingin adsorpsi menggunakan pasangan silikagel­metanol. Suhu tiap komponen yaitu generator, kondensor, evaporator dan pipa­pipa masukan dan keluaran diukur dengan menggunakan termokopel tipe C­C yang dihubungan dengan alat perekam suhu. Sedangkan untuk analisis eksergi diawali dengan perancangan model pada masing­masing komponen dalam sistem pendingin adsorpsi intermitten. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan nilai kehilangan eksergi yang diperoleh untuk tiap proses dalam sistem pendingin adsorpsi. Nilai kerugian eksergi menggambarkan ketidak efektifan proses transfer energi dalam sistem pendinginan adsorpsi. Rincian hasil yang dicapai dari perhitungan dengan analisis eksergi memberikan data pada generator desorpsi kehilangan eksergi (exergy destroy) sebesar 35.33 Watt (90.57 %). Kondensor memberikan nilai sebesar 0.20 Watt (0.51 %). Evaporator memberikan nilai sebesar 0.07 Watt (0.18 %) dan pada generator adsorpsi memberikan nilai sebesar 3.51 %.

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