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Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology

ijbiotech
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 08538654 EISSN : 20892241 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

The Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBiotech) is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biotechnology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and development of natural products derived from tropical—and especially Indonesian—biodiversity. IJBiotech is published biannually and accepts original research articles featuring well-designed studies with clearly analyzed and logically interpreted results. A strong preference is given to research that has the potential to make significant contributions to both the field of biotechnology and society in general.

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Articles 18 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 16, No 1 (2011)" : 18 Documents clear

Antifungal Production of a Strain of Actinomycetes spp Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Cajuput Plant: Selection and Detection of Exhibiting Activity Against Tested Fungi A. Alimuddin; Jaka Widada; Widya Asmara; M. Mustofa
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Actinomycetes are bacteria known to constitute a large part of the rhizosphere microbiota. Their isolation is an important step for screening of new bioactive compounds. Culturable actinomycetes populations from cajuput plant rhizosphere soils in Wanagama I Forest UGM Yogyakarta were collected to study about their antifungal activity. Among 17 of a total 43 isolates that showed activity were screened for producing antifungi substances. Screening for antifungal activity of isolates were performed with dual culture bioassay in vitro. One isolate that was designated as Streptomyces sp.GMR-22 was the strongest against all tested fungi and appeared promising for a sources of antifungal. Culture’s supernatant and mycelia were extracted with chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. Antifungal activity of crude extracts was tested by diffusion method against tested fungi. The result indicates that isolates of actinomycetes from cajuput plant rhizosphere could be an interesting sources of antifungal bioactive substances.

Characterization of Haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Food of Animal Origin Dwi Ariyanti; Siti Isrina Oktavia Salasia; Syarifudin Tato
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen bacteria causing food poisoning and various infection in animals and humans. Haemolysin is one of the virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus. The aims of the research were to characterize haemolysins of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various food of animal origin, phenotypic- and genotypically. In the present study, eleven Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various food of animal origins from traditional markets and supermarkets in Yogyakarta, Sidoarjo, Jakarta, and Bandung were characterized for haemolysin, pheno- and genotypically. Characterization of haemolysin phenotypically based on haemolysis pattern of Staphylococcus aureus on sheep blood agar plate. Genes encoding hemolysin were amplified with specific primers by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The results of the studies showed that Staphylococcus aureus on sheep blood agar plates revealed an alpha haemolysis pattern (18,18%), beta haemolysis (27,27%) and gamma haemolysis (54,55%). Based on amplification of the gene encoding haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus with specific primers showed hla genes (81,81%), and hla combined with hlb genes (18,18%). The amplification of gene hla and hlb had a single amplicon with a size of approximately 534 bp and 833 bp, respectively. The haemolysin characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus from various food of animal origin could be used as important information to control staphylococcal food poisoning.Keywords : Staphylococcus aureus, haemolysin, PCR, food of animal origins

DIGoxigenin (DIG) Labeled Probe Candidate of Surface Antigen 1 (SAG1) for Toxoplasma gondii Detection Asmarani Kusumawati; Nafratilova Septiana; Sri Hartati
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the opportunistic pathogen that causes toxoplasmosis. Infection of Toxoplasma gondii has been estimated as high both in human and animal. The manifestation of infection were abortion, hydrocephalus, brain calcification, chorioretinal scar, and loss of productivity even to death in patients with acquired immunosuppression. Early diagnostic method which are rapid and accurate is essential for T. gondii detection because of its high prevalence. The purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive probes derived from Surface Antigen 1 (SAG1) for detection T. gondii and to examine the specificity and sensitivity of probe as diagnostic tool for toxoplasmosis. This research used SAG1 gene of T. gondii local isolate IS-1 that was cloned into pGEX-2T and transformed into Eschericia coli DH5α. The sequence of SAG1 was labeled with DIGoxigenin (non radioactive labeled) using PCR DIG Labeling Mix to derive 213 bp (probe-TS). BLAST and dot-blot hybridization analyses showed that probes had high specifity with other strains of T. gondii. Probe was able to detect T. gondii DNAup to 10 ng/μl of total sample DNA.

Antigen Presentation Ability of Salmonella Carrying DNA Vaccine Model and MCP-3 gene Endang Winiati Bachtiar; Peter Smooker; Peter J Coloe
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The objective of this study is to determine the antigen presentation ability of a DNA vaccine model that is co-delivered with that of recombinant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STM1) expressing chemokine macrophage chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3). The DNA vaccine, pVROVA, was constructed by amplification of the ovalbumin coding region from sOVA-C1. Dendritic cells (DCs) were obtained from IL-4 and GMCSF stimulated mouse bone marrow stem cell. Cultured DCs were incubated with STM1 carrying a model ovalbumin gene (pVROVA). Furthermore, MHC class I antigen presentation of a dominant OVA peptide was assayed in vitro. The experiments were designed to determine the effect of co-delivering MCP-3 with that of ovalbumin in STM1. Our results show that a plasmid pROVA-carrying ovalbumin gene was succesfully constructed and sequence analysis of the ovalbumin-coding revealed an identity match of 100% with that of the chicken ovalbumin DNA sequences from the GenBank database. We also found that the presence of the MCP-3 encoding plasmid in STM1 or E. coli DH1 could increase the recovery of both STM1 and E. coli DH1 over those that carry the empty plasmids. Antigen presentation assay also indicates that MCP-3 can positively influence the presentation of ovalbumin. Conclusion: the infection of DCs by STM1-carrying DNA vaccine and MCP-3 results in an increase of processing and presentation of ovalbumin in vitro.Keywords : DNA vaccine, MCP-3, APC, Salmonella, Dendritic cells

Adherence Pheno-genotypic of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Beef, Feces of Cattle, Chicken and Human I Wayan Suardana; Wayan Tunas Artama; Widya Asmara; Budi Setiadi Dayono
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Generally, adherence of micro-organisms to host cells is the frst step of the colonization to host surfaces.Escherichia coli O157:H7 can colonize to the intestine and induce attaching-effacing (AE) lessions. The capacityof inducing AE lesions is encoded by a pahtogenicity island, the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) thatcontains genes involved in generation of attaching and effaching (A/E) lesions. Among which that, the eaegene is encoding intimin, an outer membrane protein that is responsible to intimate attachment to the intestinalepithelial cells. A total of 20 local isolates obtained from human clinically, beef, cattle, chicken, and humannon-clinically were tested to adherence pheno-genotypic of E. coli O157:H7. The eae gene was identifed usingpolymerase chain reaction with a specifc primer i.e AE19 forward and AE20 reverse. To confrm phenotypicof gene, further study was performed by culturing the bacteria in vero cell, followed by Giemsa staining andAcridine Orange Fluorescent staining 3 h and 6 h after incubation, respectivelly. Result of study showed thatthere were 19 out of 20 (95%) isolates identifed positive eae gene. Giemsa staining appeared that the bacteriawith positive eae gene performed a cluster arroud of cell (localized adherence). On the other hand, the negativeeae gene appeared as a diffuse adherence (DA). The study indicated that almost all of E. coli O157:H7 localisolates which was positive eae gene had potency to colonize to the intestine and induce attching-effachinglessions, and also cause cytopahatic effects in intestinal epithelial cell

Microorganisms Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Production in Spoilt Mango Fruits Aliyu D. Ibrahim; Bankole S. Oyeleke; Ummul Khaltum Muhammad; Adamu Aliyu Aliero; Sabo E. Yakubu; Hadiza M. Safiyanu
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Microorganisms associated with the production of volatile compound in spoilt mango fruits sold in Sokoto town were isolated and identified. The organisms include seven species of bacteria and a species of yeast. These include Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus firmus, Brevibacillus laterosporus, Morganella morganii, Paenibacillus alvei, Staphylococcus saccharolyticus, Listeria monocytogenes and Candida krusei respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of eleven and sixteen volatile organic compound in the healthy and spoilt ripe mango fruits. Octadecanoic acid, oleic acid, 1 – Butanol, 3 – methyl-, carbonate (2:1) and 3,7 – Dimethyl nonane were common to both healthy and spoilt fruits with the first three having higher concentration in healthy fruits than spoilt while the later had higher concentration in the spoilt. One methyl group of 3,3- Dimethyl hexane in healthy fruit was shifted to position two to yield 2,3-Dimethyl hexane in the spoilt fruits. 2,2-Dimethylbutane, Methyl(methyl-4-deoxy-2,3-di-O-methyl.beta.1-threo-hex-4-enopyranosid) urinate, 3-(4-amino-phenyl)-2-(toluene-4-sulfonylamino)-propionic acid, 2-Methyl-3-heptanone, 3,5-Nonadien-7-yn-2-ol, (E,E), Butanoic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, 1-methyl-3-beta.phenylethyl-2,4,5-trioxoimidazolidine, Pentanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl, ethyl ester (Vinyl 2,2-dimethylpentanoate), 4-Methyurazole, 1-Tridecyn- 4 – 9 – ol, 1-Hexyl-1-nitrocyclohexane were unique to spoilt fruits. This study suggests that these unique volatile metabolites could be exploited as biomarkers to discriminate pathogens even when more than one disease is present thereby curbing post harvest loss during storage after further validation and the volatile organic compound could form the basis for constructing a metabolomics database for Nigeria.

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Potential of the Compound Secreted by Marine Bacteria Collected from the Karwar Coast, West Coast of India Pradeep V. Khajure; J. L. Rathod
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Antibacterial substances from sea sediment were isolated from marine environment of Karrwar, westcoast of India and characterized. Out of the 21 isolates subjected to secondary screening, 10 isolates were activeagainst Bacillus subtilis, 12 against Staphylococcus aureus, 6 against Escherichia coli, 3 against Proteus vulgaris and4 against Salmonella typhi. Metabolites in the broth extract of overnight grown Pseudomonas spp. No.7 provedto have antimicrobial and cytotoxic against human lung carcinoma cell

Effect of Substrate Concentration to Anode Chamber Performance in Microbial Electrolysis Cell Libertus Darus
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 16, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Microbial electrolysis is a promising process for bio-hydrogen production which might be implemented in waste water treatment in a near future. Unfortunately substrate could be converted into methane by acetoclastic methanogens and will reduce the coulombic efficiency (CE). The research objective was to study the competition between electrogens and methanogens for substrate in a continuous Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC).The competition was studied in relation to controlling acetate influent concentration (Cin) from 35 to 1 mM with a fixed anode potential -350 mV, by assessing activity of electrogens as current density (CD), activity of acetoclastic methanogens as methanogenic consumed acetate (Cmeth), and CE and by measuring anolyte protein content to confirm a steady state condition. Controlling Cin from 35 to 1 mM resulted in tendency of both CD and Cmeth to decrease and CE to increase. At decreasing Cin from 35 to 5 mM which left excess acetate concentration in anolyte, the CEs were between 36.4% and 75.3%. At further decreasing Cin to 1 mM the acetate concentration was limited (Cef 0 mM), but the CE only reached 95.8%. Methanogenesis always occur and electrogens were not able to outcompete the acetoclastic methanogens even though the substrate concentration was limited.Keywords : microbial electrolysis cell, bio-hydrogen, metanogenesis, substrate concentration

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