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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 08538654     EISSN : 20892241     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBiotech) is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biotechnology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and development of natural products derived from tropical—and especially Indonesian—biodiversity. IJBiotech is published biannually and accepts original research articles featuring well-designed studies with clearly analyzed and logically interpreted results. A strong preference is given to research that has the potential to make significant contributions to both the field of biotechnology and society in general.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol 31, no 3 (2026)" : 7 Documents clear
Immunogenicity of native Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi outer membrane proteins in Balb/c mice supports antigen prioritization for typhoid rapid tests Sri Darmawati; Maya Tamara Mawardani; Mudyawati Kamaruddin; Nastiti Wijayanti; Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede; Yunita Aldirahayu
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.111250

Abstract

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). However, current diagnostic tests remain suboptimal in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) based on S. Typhi outer membrane proteins (OMPs) may offer faster and more accurate detection. This study characterizes the immunogenicity of S. Typhi OMPs by evaluating interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and antibody titers in mice. The OMPs were isolated from bacterial cultures and used as native antigens for mouse immunization. The concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were quantified by ELISA; subsequently, antibody titers were determined by an in-house ELISA, with antibody specificity confirmed by Western blotting. The highest IL-6 and TNF-α responses were observed in the 5 µg dose group, with cytokine titers of 12.43 pg/mL and 19.68 pg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, western blotting confirmed antigen–antibody reactivity, showing prominent bands at approximately 71, 42, 21, 17, and 11 kDa. The study confirms that S. Typhi OMPs elicited a robust cytokine response and induced specific antibodies that recognized multiple OMP subunits, supporting their potential as promising antigen candidates for the development of an improved and specific typhoid rapid diagnosed test (RDT).
A modified Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method for Indonesian soybean varieties with Cry1Ab-1Ac fusion genes Nanda Adya Sasmita; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Edy Listanto; Sintho Wahyuning Ardie; Eny Ida Riyanti
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.111276

Abstract

Grobogan and Wilis are major Indonesian soybean varieties, but their productivity is constrained by pod borer (Etiella zinckenella) susceptibility. While genetic transformation can aid in developing insect-resistant cultivars, the protocols for these local genotypes are limited by low regeneration efficiency. This study aims to develop an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol using plumular meristem explants by optimizing infection duration and acetosyringone concentration, along with the evaluation of an ex vitro approach for post-transformation recovery. To establish a baseline for transformation, regeneration was optimized; shoot induction on MS medium with 1 mg/L BAP reached 85%, averaging 3.6 shoots per explant. Although this optimal BAP concentration was subsequently applied to the in vitro transformation system, it yielded no surviving putative plants after infection. In contrast, the modified ex vitro approach revealed a clear trade-off: a short 15-min infection with 100 µM acetosyringone maximized shoot elongation (67.5%), whereas a longer 30-min infection with 200 µM acetosyringone achieved transformation efficiency up to 17.5%. PCR analysis confirmed transgenes in 10–13 T0 plants, producing 37 T1 seeds, predominantly from Wilis, while Grobogan exhibited lower performance. The study demonstrates that the ex vitro approach is a practical strategy for soybean transformation.
Inorganic phosphate enhances growth and cadmium tolerance in a newly isolated Candida tropicalis Pongsanat Pongcharoen; Wittaya Tawong; Kawee Sujipuli; Kumrop Ratanasut; Thanita Boonsrangsom; Siriwat Kucharoenphaibul
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.111282

Abstract

Cadmium contamination in soil, water and biota impacts human health and ecosystems. Since conventional treatments are often inefficient, biosorption using microorganisms has been explored as a promising approach. This study investigates the role of inorganic phosphate (KH2PO4) in alleviating cadmium stress and enhancing cadmium accumulation in a newly isolated strain of Candida tropicalis NUTI–P8. Cell viability assays were performed under cadmium chloride (CdCl2) concentrations (900 and 1,000 µM) with phosphate supplementation (50 and 100 mM). The results show that exposure to CdCl2 markedly reduced the growth of C. tropicalis NUTI–P8 (∼2-fold reduction), whereas supplementation with 100 mM KH2PO4 significantly enhanced growth performance (∼5-fold), cell viability (∼3-fold) and enzymatic activity (∼7-fold) under 1,000 µM CdCl2 stress. Moreover, cadmium accumulation increased from 116.90 ± 1.02 µM (1,000 µM CdCl2) to 188.89 ± 18.12 µM with phosphate supplementation (100 mM KH2PO4). The findings demonstrate that inorganic phosphate enhances growth and cadmium tolerance in C. tropicalis NUTI–P8, and further highlight the potential of this new yeast isolate as a bioresource for mitigating cadmium contamination, providing insights into phosphate-mediated alleviation of heavy metal stress.
The therapeutic potential of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells and the emerging role of stem cell-based therapies in periodontal disease Karina Pratiwi Putri; Rike Rayanti; Tito Sumarwoto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.111492

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that destroys the supporting structures of the teeth and is not predictably restored by conventional therapies using mechanical debridement and surgery alone. Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells represent a relatively accessible and ethically acceptable source of multipotent cells with strong regenerative and immunomodulatory properties that may better address this unmet clinical need. This review aims to synthesize and critically appraise recent in vitro, animal and human studies on the use of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells for periodontal regeneration, highlighting their biological characteristics, mechanisms of action within the inflamed periodontal environment, and translational relevance compared with other stem cell sources. Experimental evidence shows that these cells contribute to the formation of new bone, cementum and periodontal ligament, while reducing inflammation and enhancing angiogenesis and tissue remodeling. Early clinical applications also suggest improvements in clinical attachment, probing depth and radiographic bone fill without major short-term safety concerns. Overall, dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells appear to be a promising therapeutic option for true periodontal tissue regeneration, but robust, large-scale, long-term clinical trials, together with standardized protocols for cell preparation and delivery, are still required before they can be recommended for routine clinical use.
Nanoparticle-based elicitation: nano-TiO2 enhances bioactive compounds in Talinum paniculatum callus cultures Zozy Aneloi Noli; Suwirmen Suwirmen; Zakiy Maulana; Annisa Aulia
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.114756

Abstract

Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn., (Javanese ginseng) commonly known as a source of diverse bioactive compounds, leading to increasing demand and the need for efficient propagation techniques to enhance metabolite production. This research examines the influence of nano-TiO2 elicitation on bioactive compound accumulation in T. paniculatum callus cultures. The methods used in the study include callus induction, elicitation, callus extraction, proline quantification, H2O2 analysis, phytochemical profiling and data analysis. The results show that none of the nano-TiO2 treatments significantly affected proline levels, but did have a significant effect on H2O2 accumulation. Phytochemical analysis demonstrated that nano-TiO2 at 2 mg/L increased the proportion of n-Nonadecanol-1 (27.56%), while 3 mg/L enhanced the levels of Nonadecane (10.14%), 1-Tetradecene (11.03%) and 1-Dodecene (315.56%). Nano-TiO2 at 5 mg/L elevated the percentages of 2,4-Ditert-butylphenol (110.98%), Undecane (89.30%), 1-Tetradecene (96.32%), n-Tetracosanol (23.81%) and 1-Heptacosanol (167.79%). The dominant classes of bioactive metabolites identified were fatty alcohols (32.41%), followed by phenolics (21.23%), alkenes (14.87%), alkanes (9.86%), fatty acids (3.44%), phthalate esters (3.02%), sesquiterpenes (2.28%), aromatic ketones (1.89%), phenylpropanoids (0.48%), diterpenes (0.52%) and ketones (0.33%). Overall, the findings indicate that each nano-TiO2 concentration influences the accumulation of different bioactive compounds in T. paniculatum callus cultures.
Chemical composition, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-biofilm, anticancer, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation evaluation of Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC. fruit essential oil Ngau, Tran Hoang; Nguyen, Dung Tien; Phan, Nam Hoang; Vo, Hao Thien; Tran, An I; Tran, Nghi Phuong Ngoc; La, Phat Gia; Trinh, Trung Thanh Tran; Hoang, Viet
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.116354

Abstract

Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC. is an aromatic, prickly Rutaceae shrub or small tree whose oil-gland-bearing fruits have a characteristic pepper-like aroma and a history of traditional medicinal use in Southeast Asia. Because the chemical profile and integrated bioactivity of fruit essential oil (EO) from central Vietnam remain insufficiently characterized, this study examined the chemical composition and in vitro bioactivities of the fruit EO collected in Quang Nam, Vietnam. A total of 24 volatile components were identified via GC-MS, with the major components being estragole, eucalyptol, β-linalool, and caryophyllene oxide. Furthermore, the oil exhibited antimicrobial efficacy against B. cereus, S. aureus, A. niger, A. brassicicola and P. capsici, with particular antifungal activity against P. capsici (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL). The oil suppressed S. aureus biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 = 473.2 µg/mL). Cytotoxicity was weak against A549 cells and negligible within the tested range against B16-F10 and Huh-7 cells. Molecular docking identified (+)-(S)-terpinen-4-ol as the best-scoring ligand for CYP51 and Hsp90. A 100-ns molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the CYP51-(+)-(S)-terpinen-4-ol complex remained structurally stable, with persistent but conformationally flexible contacts. MM/GBSA analysis yielded a favorable mean binding energy of −33.63 ± 4.92 kcal/mol, dominated by van der Waals interactions. Overall, Z. avicennae fruit EO showed promising in vitro antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-biofilm activities that warrant further constituent-specific, mechanistic, toxicity, and in vivo validation.
Three-dimensional microcarrier culture enhances secretome particle yield of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells Utami, Emilia Rahmadaniah; Malik, Amarila; Rinendyaputri, Ratih; Kino-Oka, Masahiro; Yamamoto, Riku
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.117286

Abstract

Human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (UC-MSC) secretome represents a promising cell-free approach for regenerative therapy; however, achieving a high-potency and a high-yield secretome in sufficient quantities remains a major challenge. This study compares conventional 2D monolayer culture with a 3D microcarrier-based system to evaluate their effects on secretome yield and characteristics. Secretome profiling included analysis of extracellular vesicle (EV)-related gene expressions (RAB27A, RAB27B, and RAB7A), nanoparticle concentration, and size distribution using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The results showed that RAB gene expression was reduced in the 3D system (0.52–0.75-fold relative to 2D), along with decreased cell proliferation. Despite this downregulation and a concurrent reduction in cellular proliferation, NTA revealed a higher particle concentration in 3D cultures (1.74 × 109 particles/mL) compared to 2D (7.30 × 108 particles/mL), with a broader size distribution. Although the 3D microcarrier culture limited UC-MSC expansion, it resulted in a higher concentration of extracellular vesicle-sized particles, supporting its potential as a platform for scalable secretome production.

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