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Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14118033     EISSN : 26140101     DOI : 10.18196/mm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan (MMJKK) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health.
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Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 2 (2012)" : 16 Documents clear
Pengaruh Kapsul Pleuratus ostreatus terhadap Kadar Kolesterol pada Lanjut Usia Hiperkolesterolemia Purbaningrum, Lukluk; Orbayinah, Salmah
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i2.1021

Abstract

Tingginya kadar kolesterol darah merupakan indikator risiko penyakit cardiovascular, diantaranya adalah Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) yang dapat menyebabkan kematian. Jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostratus)  dikembangkan sebagai salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki kadar lipid darah dengan menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus)  terhadap kadar kolesterol pada lanjut usia yang mengalami hiperkolesterolemia. Subjek penelitian adalah lanjut usia hiperkolesterolemia dari Panti Sosial Tresna Wreda (PSTW) Kasongan Bantul sejumlah tujuh orang. Uji kadar kolesterol dilakukan dengan mengambil darah dari vena cubiti 1 cc sebelum pemberian jamur tiram putih dengan media kapsul. Hasil dari uji kadar kolesterol yang memenuhi kriteria yaitu 200 mg/dl sekaligus dijadikan data awal subjek sebelum dilakukan pemberian kapsul jamur tiram putih. Data sebelum dan setelah pemberian kapsul jamur tiram dianalisis dengan uji statistik Wilcoxon menggunakan SPSS versi 17. Hasil analisis statistik menggunakan uji non-parametrik yaitu Wilcoxon, diperoleh hasil nilai P = 0,018 menunjukkan bahwa kapsul jamur tiram putih (Pleoratus ostreatus)  mempengaruhi kadar kolesterol secara bermakna. Kadar kolesterol setelah perlakuan yang dilakukan setiap hari selama dua minggu berturut-turut dapat menurun secara bermakna. Increasing of serum cholesterol value indicates cardiovascular diseases, one of them is Coronary Heart Failure (CHF) which lead into death. Oyster mushroom (Pleuratus ostreatus) is developed as a manner to repair blood lipid value by decreasing cholesterol value. The purpose of this experiment is to know the effect of Oyster mushroom (Pleuratus ostreatus) capsule in serum cholesterol value toward elderly with cholesterolemia. The samples taken in some elderly with hypercholesterolemia in Panti Sosial Tresna Wreda (PSTW) Kasongan Bantul. The samples seven people as the subjects for this experiment. Cholesterol test was done by taking 1 cc blood from cubiti vein before giving oyster mushroom capsule. The result of cholesterol test that include in inclusion criteria (200 mg/dl) is all at once as a beginning data before giving oyster mushroom capsule. The pre and post data of giving oyster mushroom capsule is analized by Wilcoxon statistic test with 17th version of SPSS. Based on analize of Wilcoxon non parametric test, the result is P = 0,018 (P 0,05). It means that oyster mushroom (Pleuratus ostreatus) capsules can effect cholesterol value significantly.
Prevalensi Seropositif IgM/IgG Cytomegalovirus pada Populasi Wanita Pra-nikah dengan Riwayat Konsumsi Makan Lesehan Adang Muhammad Gugun
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i2.1024

Abstract

Infeksi Cytomegalovirus ( CMV) dapat menyebabkan abortus pada ibu hamil, pertumbuhan janin terhambat, cacat bawaan serta membawa permasalahan infertilitas. Transmisi CMV dapat terjadi melalui kontak langsung atau tidak langsung, kontak seksual, transfusi darah, transplantasi organ atau hal–hal yang berhubungan dengan riwayat kontak erat dengan sekret, saliva dan urin. Makan di warung lesehan semakin banyak diminati oleh orang dewasa muda. Pencucian alat makan yang kurang bersih bisa menularkan infeksi CMV. Oleh karena itu, hubungan antara riwayat konsumsi makan lesehan dengan prevalensi CMV pada wanita pra-nikah perlu diteliti. Desain penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, untuk mencari hubungan antara prevalensi seropositif IgM/IgG CMV pada wanita pra-nikah di Kabupaten Bantul dengan riwayat konsumsi makan lesehan. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 90, seluruh subyek mengisi kuesioner dan diambil serumnya kemudian dites ELISA untuk mengetahui keberadaan IgM/IgG anti CMV dalam serum. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 72 dari 90 subyek (80%) positif terinfeksi CMV. Empat puluh dua subyek penelitian yang memiliki faktor risiko riwayat konsumsi makan lesehan, didapatkan sebanyak 33 subyek (78.57%) positif terinfeksi CMV. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan p0.05; Risiko Prevalensi sebesar 0.967; (IK; 95% : 0.785-1.191). Disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara faktor risiko riwayat konsumsi makan lesehan terhadap prevalensi seropositif IgM/IgG CMV pada populasi wanita pra-nikah. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can cause abortion in pregnant women, Intra Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR), congenital defects and bring the issue of infertility. CMV transmission can occur through direct or indirect contact, sexual contact, blood transfusions, organ transplantation or other matters relating to the history of close contact with secret, saliva and urine. Eating at stalls street food demand by a growing number of young adults. but keep in mind hygiene. Washing eating utensils that are less clean can transmit CMV infection. Therefore, the relationship between a history of consumption street food with the prevalence of CMV infection on premarital women need to be investigated. The study design was observational analytic with cross sectional, to find the relationship between the prevalence of seropositive IgM/IgG CMV in premarital women in Bantul district with a history of eating street food consumption. Research subjects numbered 90, all subjects were asked to fill out questionnaires and retrieved for later in the test serum by ELISA method to determine the presence of IgM/IgG anti-CMV in the serum. The data analysis with chisquare test. The result showed that: Seventy two of all subjects (80%) infected with CMV positive. Fourty two subjects who have risk factor history of consumption lesehan food, obtained a total of 33 subjects (78.57%) infected with CMV positive. Chi-Square test results showed no correlation between risk factor history of eating street food consumption with the prevalence of seropositive IgM/IgG CMV in pre-marital women population (p 0.05; PR 0.967; 95% CI 0.785-1.191).
Efek Hipoglikemik Jus Buah Morinda citrifolia pada Tikus Diabetik Achmad, Nurliana; Jenie, Ikhlas Muhammad
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i2.1006

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah disertai dengan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak dan protein akibat insufisiensi fungsi insulin. Buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia)  mengandung flavonoid dan saponin yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek jus buah mengkudu terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus terinduksi aloksan. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan rancangan pre and post-test control group design. Subyek tiga puluh ekor tikus galur Wistar, 2-3 bulan 150-250  gr dibagi 5 kelompok: kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok perlakuan dengan jus buah mengkudu 2,25 gr/kgBB, jus buah mengkudu 4,5 gr/kgBB dan jus buah mengkudu 9 gr/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian jus buah mengkudu dosis 2,25 gr/kgBB, 4,5 gr/kgBB dan 9 gr/kgBB mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus diabetik terinduksi aloksan. Rata-rata penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada kelompok perlakuan jus buah mengkudu 9 gr/kgBB paling rendah. Terdapat penurunan yang signifikan kadar glukosa darah pre-test dan post-test pemberian jus buah mengkudu dengan nilai P=0,000 (P0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian jus buah mengkudu dosis 2 ,25 gr/kgBB, dosis 4,5 gr/kgBB dan 9 gr/kgBB dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah secara signifikan pada tikus diabetik yang terinduksi aloksan. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from insufficiency of insulin function. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) consists of flavonoid and saponin which function as an antioxidant. This study is aimed to analyze the effect of noni juice in blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. This study was experimental research with pre and post test control group design. The sample consisted of 30  rats Wistar strain, 2-3 months male, weight 150-250 grams were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, positive control group, treatment group with noni juice 2,25 gr/kgBW, noni juice 4,5 gr/ kgBW and noni juice 9 gr/kgBW. The results showed the administration of  noni juice 2,25 gr/kgBW, noni juice 4,5 gr/kgBW and noni juice 9 gr/kgBW was able to decrease blood glucose in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Mean of reduction blood glucose in treatment group with noni juice 9 gr/kgBW was the lowest (46,73+1 ,72). There are significant differences in reducing of blood glucose before and after treatment of noni juice which is P=0,000 (P0,05). It was concluded that the giving of noni juice dosage 2,25 gr/kgBW, 4,5 gr/kgBW and 9 gr/kgBW can decrease blood glucose level significantly in alloxaninduced diabetic rats.
Identifikasi Pola Kepekaan dan Jenis Bakteri pada Pasien Infeksi Saluran Kemih di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Fergiawan Indra Prabowo; Inayati Habib
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i2.1009

Abstract

Angka kejadian Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) di Indonesia masih terbilang tinggi. Resistensi bakteri pada penggunaan antibiotika merupakan salah satu masalah yang berkembang di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis bakteri dan pola kepekaannya pada penderita ISK di rumah sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium. Pengukuran dan pengambilan data dilakukan secara cross sectional dan hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 20 pasien yang menderita ISK, didapatkan 25 bakteri antara lain Escherichia coli (72%), Salmonella parathypi (4%), Enterobacter aerogenes (4%), Staphylococcus aureus (8%), Streptococcus sp (12%). Hasil uji sensitivitas terhadap antibiotik didapatkan Escherichia coli sensitif terhadap antibiotik meropenem (88,89%). Salmonella parathypi sensitif terhadap meropenem (100%). Enterobacter aerogenes sensitif terhadap meropenem (100%). Staphylococcus aureus sensitif terhadap meropenem (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), trimetophrim-sulfomethoxazole (100%), dan gentamicin (100%). Streptococcus sp sensitif terhadap meropenem (66,67%) dan gentamicin (66,67%). Disimpulkan bahwa jenis bakteri yang menjadi penyebab terbesar ISK adalah Escherichia coli. Antibiotik yang memberikan hasil sensitif terbesar terhadap bakteri penyebab ISK adalah meropenem. In Indonesia the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) remains high. Bacteria resistance in antibiotic-using is one of the problems that happen in the world. This research aims to know the type of bacteria and its sensitivity pattern in UTIs patient at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. Type of this research is laboratory experimental research. The measurement and data collection done by cross sectional and its result is analyzed by descriptive analyses. This research shows 20 UTIs patients. From 20  samples of UTIs patients, founded 25 bacterium which are Escherichia coli 18 bacterium (72%), Salmonella parathypi (4%), Enterobacter aerogenes (4%), Staphylococcus aureus (8%), Streptococcus sp (12%). The result from sensitivity test toward antibiotic, founded  Escherichia coli sensitive toward meropenem antibiotic (88,89%). Salmonella parathypi sensitive toward meropenem (100%). Enterobacter aerogenes sensitive toward meropenem (100%). Staphylococcus aureus sensitive toward meropenem (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), trimetophrim-sulfomethoxazole (100%), and gentamicin (100%). Streptococcus sp sensitive toward meropenem (66,67%) and gentamicin (66,67%). It was concluded that the most bacteria cause of UTIs is Escherichia coli. Antibiotic that gives the most sensitive result toward the bacteria caused UTIs is meropenem.
Hubungan Kadar Yodium Urin dengan Kejadian Anemia dan Tumbuh Kembang Remaja di Daerah Endemik GAKI Yogyakarta Zulkhah Noor; Elga Ria Vinenza; Izza Rahmatina
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i2.1004

Abstract

Gangguan pertumbuhan fisik dan seksual serta Anemia pernisiosa masih sering dijumpai pada pasien hipotiroidisme subklinis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari hubungan kadar ekskresi iodium urin (EIU) dengan anemia dan tumbuh kembang remaja termasuk indeks massa tubuh, usia menarche dan spermarche remaja di daerah endemik GAKI di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional, dengan desain secara cross sectional. Responden penelitian sebanyak 59 anak usia 12-16 tahun, terdiri dari 30 anak dari Lemahdadi, Bangunjiwo, Kasihan, Bantul dan 29 anak dari Karangwuluh, Temon  Kulon Progo. Kadar EIU diukur dengan metode dry digestion di BP GAKI Magelang, pengukuran darah dilakukan di Hi-Lab di Yogyakarta. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan remaja diperoleh melalui kuesioner, timbangan dan stadiometer. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann Whitney dan uji korelasi Spearman. Kadar EIU responden termasuk kategori berlebihan dan sangat berlebihan. Persentase tertinggi BMI normal (56,25%) diperoleh pada kelompok EIU optimal. Sebaliknya, persentase IMT kurang tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok EIU berlebih (76,47%)  dan sangat berlebih (58,82%). Usia menarche dan spermarche responden adalah normal. Presentase anemia ditemukan sebanyak 33,90%. Disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat EIU dengan BMI, usia menarche dan spermarche dan jenis anemia (p 0,05). Impaired physical growth, sexual and Pernicious anemia is frequently found in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship with the UIE levels of anemia, and growth and development of adolescents, including body mass index, menarche and spermarche of adolescent in two GAKY endemic areas in Yogyakarta. This study is an observational, cross sectional design. Respondents are 59 children aged 12-16 years, consisted of 30 children from Lemahdadi, Bangun Jiwo, Kasihan, Bantul. and 29 children from Karangwuluh, Temon, Kulon Progo. Urinary iodine levels was measured by digestion method in BP GAKY Magelang, blood measurement carried out in Hi-Lab in Yogyakarta. Adolescent growth and development obtained through a questionnaire, the scales and stadiometer. Data were analyzed with Mann Whitney test and Spearman correlation test. The level of UIE of respondents in the two areas of research were excessive and very excessive. Highest percentage of normal BMI (56.25%) obtained at optimal UIE group. In contrast, the highest percentage of less BMI present in excess UIE group (76.47%) and very excess (58.82%). Spermarche and menarche age of respondents were normal. Percentage of anemia was found as 33.90%. It can concluded that there was no relationship between the level of UIE with BMI, age of menarche and spermarche and type of anemia (p 0.05).
Hubungan Frekuensi Pemberian Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) dengan Berat Badan Anak Usia di Bawah Dua Tahun Agustina, Siti Wulandari; Listiowati, Ekorini
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i2.1011

Abstract

Pemberian Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan anak dan pola asuh, akan menyebabkan gangguan tumbuh kembang anak pada usia 12-24 bulan. Berat badan anak dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan status gizi seseorang maka berat badan akan bertambah mengikuti pertambahan umur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan frekuensi pemberian makanan pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) dengan berat badan anak usia di bawah dua tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kraton Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah ibu yang mempunyai anak berusia di bawah dua tahun di Puskesmas Kraton Yogyakarta. Sampel 36 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chisquare dan hasil perhitungan diperoleh 2hitung = 14,592 2tabel = 12,592, sehingga terdapat hubungan frekuensi pemberian MP-ASI dengan peningkatan berat badan anak usia di bawah dua tahun dengan didapatkan nilai signifikansi p=0,024 (p 0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi frekuensi pemberian MP-ASI, maka berat badan anak semakin meningkat. Giving complementary feeding  which doesn’t suitable for children’s need and parenting pattern will cause growth deficiency in children at age 12-24 months. Children’s body weight can be used to describe the nutrition status and the body weight will be increase with increased of the age. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the frequency of co-feeding mother’s milk (the MP-ASI) with a weight of children under two years of age in Yogyakarta Kraton the Puskesmas. This study was an analytic observational with cross sectional approach. The population is mother has children under two years old in Puskesmas Kraton Yogyakarta. Samples taken 36 people with the calculation formula for the correlation test. The data analyzed using Chi-square test and the result was 2count = 14,592 2table = 12,592, which means that the relationship giving complementary feeding frequence with children weight under two years old significantly p value = 0,024 (p 0,05). It can conclude that the more frequent in giving complementary feeding so children weight will be more increase.

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