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Semesta Teknika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 1411061X     EISSN : 25025481     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18196/st
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a reputable refereed journal devoted to the publication and dissemination of basic and applied research in engineering. SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a forum for publishing high quality papers and references in engineering science and technology. The Journal is published by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, INDONESIA. Copyright is by the publisher and the authors. The Journal is issued in electronic form and also issued in printed form as annual volume for the contributors only. The journal contains original research papers, review articles, short notes and letters to the editors. The topics of interest include modeling, experimental, analytical and numerical investigations on the mechanical, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of material, developing the prototype/instrument, technology and construction process. Topic of management in industry and civil construction is also considered. SEMESTA TEKNIKA receives manuscripts from the contributor written in the Indonesian and English. Manuscripts submitted to the journal for publication must not have been previously published or is under consideration simultaneously by any other publication. Manuscripts submitted to SEMESTA TEKNIKA will be reviewed Peer Reviewers local and foreign.
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Articles 715 Documents
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Pengaruh Deposisi Lapisan Tipis Ti-Al-N Terhadap Umur Pahat Bubut HSS Nuri, Sigit Hidayat
Semesta Teknika Vol 11, No 2 (2008): NOVEMBER 2008
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Abstract

The surface hardness of material can be improved through appropriate technique in surface coating. There are several various techniques have been used in order to obtain an optimum result of surface coating. One of them is sputtering technique. Thin layer deposition of Ti N + Al N (titanium nitride + aluminum nitride) materials with sputtering is a modern coating process for improving material properties. The objective of this paper is to obtain an optimum result on surface hardness of HSS cutting and lifetime cutting tool. The specimen with 9.4 ´ 9.4 ´ 11 mm was coated by Ti-N + Al-N materials in various temperatures, coating times, and gas pressure ratio of Ar and N2.   Hardness test of Micro Vickers was used for 10 gf of load in this study. The optimum hardness number (VHN0,01 1756.2) was reached at 150° C for 2 hours process of pressure ratio of Ar : N2 is 1 : 1 at 3.10-2 kg/cm2. The hardness number of HSS material was found to be 847, 9 VHN0,01. The HSS Ti N + Al N, deposition on HSS cutting tool were used in order to cut medium carbon steel with 1 mm cutting thickness at 0.084 mm/rev of feeding speed. The speed was varied for 35, 45 and 48 m/min. The HSS cutting tool coated by Ti N + Al N has 107 % of hardness and 144% ~ 149 % of life time compared to the uncoated cutting tool.
Pemetaan Batimetri dan Analisis Pasang Surut untuk Menentukan Elevasi Lantai dan Panjang Dermaga 136 di Muara Sungai Mahakam, Sanga-Sanga, Kalimantan Timur Purwanto, Adiguna Rahmat Nugrahav, Siddhi Saputro,
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 16, No 1 (2013): MEI 2013
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Mahakam River estuary water located in East Kalimantan is territorial water that often traversed by ships transporting coal and passengers. A dock is needed in order to support such transportation activities. Sanga-Sanga Unit of Pertamina was planning to rebuild the dock that has been existed since the 1980s in the waters of the Mahakam River estuary, thus bathymetry mapping and tidal behavior analysis are needed. Bathymetry mapping and tidal behavior analysis are two important parameters in determining the elevation of the dock floor. The purpose of this study is to obtain information on the bathymetry condition and the tidal  behavior that will be used as reference of boundary conditions in determining floor elevation and dock length of the Mahakam River estuary water. Field data collection was conducted on 18 to 21 September 2012 in the water Mahakam River estuary, Sanga - Sanga, East Kalimantan. The method being used is a quantitative method, and analysis using statistical or model. Mahakam River estuary waters depth was found being between -1,3 to - 8,6 meters. It was mixed with tidal type with prominent double type, where MSL 82 cm to 260 cm interval tides, MLWL (- 28,60 cm), LLWL (- 90 cm) and HHWL (+167 cm). Dock floor elevation was obtained being +2.76 m with a value of Zo as a point of ± 0,00 m and + 2,04 with MSL as a point of ± 0,00 m, while the length of the dock is recommended to serve one boat with Loa 95,70 m is 114,84 m. With the water depth in front of the dock is needed to serve the largest ships draft is - 5 m in order to dock the ship safely.
Peningkatan Efisiensi Kompor Minyak Tanah Bersumbu Dengan Cara Meningkatkan Luas Area Api Sekunder Sudarno, Sudarno
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 10, No 1 (2007): MEI 2007
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The an perfect burning process of wick kerosene stove is one of some causes of the low efficiency of that stove. The result of temperature distribution test indicates that the temperature of secondary fire area is higher than the surrounding area. The higher temperature secondary fire area is widened by increasing the number of hole in the middle of inner muffler. Than, it is necessary to know the optimum result of increasing hole in secondary fire area toward efficiency increasing of wick kerosene stove. The test is done in the burning laboratory, machine technique Muhammadiyah University of Ponorogo by using 18 and 24 wicks kerosene stove equipped with fin reflector. The test of efficiency is done based on Profisional International Standard Testing Woodstove (VITA, 1982) nameli boilling water method. The number of passing fire holes is varied into 1 hole, 3 holes, 4 holes and 5 holes. It is found, that the widening of secondary fire area with 4 holes produces the highest efficiency in 18 and 24 wicks kerosene stove. The efficiency increasing is found as follows: 66.06 % for 1 hole, 76.06 % for 3 holes, 67.65 % for 4 holes and 66.92 % for 5 holes of 18 wick stove; and 58.41 % for 1 hole, 58.73 % for 3 holes, 60.40 % for 4 holes and 59.11 % for 5 holes of  24 wick stove. 
Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Serat dan Lama Perendaman Alkali terhadap Kekuatan Impak Komposit Serat Aren-Polyester Kuncoro Diharjo, M. Budi Nur Rahman , Bambang Riyanta ,
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 14, No 1 (2011): MEI 2011
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Palm fiber waste in the industrial processing of starch sugar palm has potential as reinforcing material composite material. This research to determine the effect of fiber volume fraction and long immersion in alkaline solution (NaOH) 5% for the impact strength composites waste palm fiber-polyester. The material used is a waste of palm fiber, unsaturated polyester 157 BQTN, MEKPO catalyst and 5% alkaline solution. Preparation of composites made by the method of press mould. The Composites made with variations of the volume fraction of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and long immersion alkali solution is 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours. The impact test conducted by Izod impact testing machine refers to the standard ASTM D 5941. The results showed that increasing the volume fraction will increase the impact strength, but the subsequent decline. The longer the alkali treatment will reduce the impact strength because the fiber has undergone treatment. The impact strength maximum of the composites with fiber volume fraction of 40% and without alkaline immersion of 0.3211 J/mm2. Characteristics of a broken section of palm fiber composite material are a polyester matrix of a single fracture.
Tranduser Ultrasonik Sebagai Pendeteksi Gerak Pada Sistem Keamanan Rumah Qodir, Fathul; Putra, Juniardi A
Semesta Teknika Vol 8, No 1 (2005): MEI 2005
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Ruangan yang penuh barang-barang berharga memerlukan sistem keamanan  elektronis yang bisa langsung dipantau.Transduser ultrasonik dapat menjadi alternatif solusi untuk mengamankan suatu ruangan yang butuh pengawasan secara otomatis. Transduser bisa dilengkapi buzzer atau sirane yang berbunyi sebagai alarm atau terkoneksi dengan telepon rumah, sehingga akan men-dial up telepon rumah jika ada seseorang yang tanpa ijin memasuki ruangan tersebut. Jadi, selama didalam ruangan tersebut tidak ada benda yang bergerak maka alarm tidak akan berfungsi. Hasilnya berupa jangkauan sistem yang dipengaruhi sudut antara pemancar dan penerima pada jarak pancar 1 sampai 9 meter,  relai pada rangkaian penerima akan aktif (on) mulai sudut 800 keatas, sedangkan mulai dari jarak pancar 10 sampai 15 meter, sudut pengaktifan relai berkurang 100   setiap penambahan jarak pancar 1 meter, misalnya pada jarak pancar 10 meter sudut pengaktifan relainya mulai sudut 700 keatas, sedangkan pada jarak pancar 11 meter sudut pengaktifan relainya mulai  sudut 600 keatas begitu seterusnya sampai dengan jarak pancar 15 meter 
Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Serat terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Impak Komposit Berpenguat Serat Nanas-Nanasan (Bromeliaceae) Kontinyu Searah dengan Matrik Unsaturated Polyester Nur Rahman, Muhammad Budi; Suwanda, Totok
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 13, No 2 (2010): NOVEMBER 2010
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The objective of this research is to determine the effect of fiber volume fraction and alcali (5% NaOH solution) treatment on the impact strength and failure mode of continuous bromeliaceae fiber/BQTN 157 polyester composites. Specimens being tested were produced using press mold technique. Fiber volume fraction was varied from 20% to 40%, while the the soaking time of the alcali treatment was between 2 and 8 hours. Whilst the impact test was carried out in accordance with the ASTM D5941 standard, the micro-structures of the broken specimens were presented as photo macrographs. The result showed that failure energy was sharply increase, 0.22 J (69.23%), upto fiber volume fraction of 34,44%. Further increase of fiber content resulted in decreasing slope of the failure energy increase. The corresponding impact strength was found being 0,0046 J/mm2. The effect of soaking time of the alcali treatment on the failure energy and impact strength showed similar trend. Optimum result was obtained at 6 hours of soaking time, i.e. 0,27 J of failure energy and 0,0055 J/mm2 of impact strength. Eight hours of soaking time resulted in the damage of fiber surface leading to decrease of failure energy and impact srength of the resulted composites. Hinge break showing fiber pull out was observed in the failure surfaces of various fiber contents, with the increase of soaking time resulted in decrease of the amount of pulled-out fibers.
Penggunaan Campuran Abu Sampah Organik dan Limbah Karbit sebagai Bahan Pengganti Semen pada Mortar Hartono, Edi; ZA, Siti Rofi’ah; Hemeto, Abd Dzargifar
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 12, No 1 (2009): MEI 2009
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Organic waste and calcium carbide waste can be used as replacement material for cement in mortar. Organic waste ash and calcium carbide waste are mixed with some variations and then conducted tests to obtain the characteristics of the materials used in this study. Content of mortar comparation base on weight that are organic waste-calcium carbide waste : sand : water of 1.0 : 2.75 : 1.0. Compositions of waste organic ash and calcium carbide waste have some variations, i.e., 0.9-0.1, 0.7-0.3, 0.5-0.5, 0.3-0.7 and 0.1-0.9. Control mortar also made as discussant for mixture variations of organic waste ash and calcium carbide waste in compressive strength test. Control is mortar mixed with common Portland cement. All of mortars are mold with molder that has dimension 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm. Compressive strength test is done when age of mortars is 3 days, 14 days, and 28 days. Based on laboratory test results, compressive strength on 14 days at the highest variation of 70 % organic waste ash and 30 % calcium carbide waste was found to be 26,7 kg/cm2. But, this result of compressive strength is lower compared to compressive strength of control mortar which was found to be 79.9 kg/cm2 on 14 days. Highest compressive strength of all mixture variation showed that mixture of waste organic ash and calcium carbide waste can be used as a mortar/mixture of brick pair in simple house type and very simple house type that needs compressive strength as much as 25 kg/cm2for wall that do not bear of load. 
Identifikasi Faktor Dominan Penyebab Kerentanan Bangunan Di Daerah Rawan Gempa, Provinsi Sumatera Barat Zulfiar, M Heri; Tamin, Tamin; Pribadi, Krishna S; Irwan, Iswandi
Semesta Teknika Vol 17, No 2 (2014): NOVEMBER 2014
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West Sumatra is one of the province in Indonesia owning high earthquake risk. Disaster data in last one decade show the existence of occurence of earthquake generating damage of building in gross. This matter indicate that building in West Sumatra susceptance of  earthquake. One of the building susceptance is management of construction which disagree with needed conditions, law and regulation goodness which in rough, and also execution of imprecise development, imprecise build, either from planning facet and scheme, execution and observation, and also from exploiting facet and treatment. It can make infrastructure and building susceptance of disaster. When disaster happened, construction sector product becoming not function, it will generate disaster victim, or generate big loss, because destruction of other infrastructure or building. Research identify dominant factor is building susceptance represent the part of research of dissertation in the effort to less of building susceptance ( mitigation) to earthquake, by :1) sekunder data analysis of building effect of earthquake 2) perception of building characteristic and practices build 3) interview to some construction expert and earthquake. Research location in six sub-province / disaster gristle town that is; Padang city, Padang Panjang city, sub province of  South Pesisir, sub province of Tanah Datar, sub province of Pariaman and west Pasaman. Research Object at building with floor lower and confined of un-confined masonry. To know potency cause of susceptance by triangulation and sintesis among the data, fact and opinion of expert. Result of research indicate that there are 23,6 % building residing in less condition or did not maintained. To be evaluated from building form, there are 11,1% less up to standard building hold up earthquake that is having regularity of vertical form and horizontal. Pursuant to characteristic usage of brick wall with building structure there are 40,8 % having structure system susceptance of earthquake that is using inappropriate practical log and column.
Alokasi Rugi Saluran Dan Penentuan Harga Energi Di Titik Konsumen Pada Penyulang Distribusi Radial Supriyatna, Supriyatna
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 10, No 2 (2007): NOVEMBER 2007
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Deregulasi sistem kelistrikan memperhatikan letak konsumen pada jaringan distribusi tenaga listrik, maka titik konsumen yang terdekat pembangkit atau titik awal penyulang akan membayar energi listrik lebih rendah dibandingkan titik konsumen yang letaknya jauh. Hal ini disebabkan semakin jauh titik konsumen maka diperlukan biaya investasi saluran lebih besar, juga terjadi rugi daya sepanjang saluran, serta biaya pemeliharan tambahan. Pengalokasian rugi daya sepanjang saluran distribusi radial pada penelitian ini didasari metode penelusuran hilir ke hulu.Dimulai dari hasil aliran daya sistem yang berupa rugi tiap saluran dan data saluran serta beban tiap titik konsumen. Penelusuran dari titik konsumen terujung, penambahan daya tiap titik konsumen selain daya pemakaiannya adalah daya akibat rugi sepanjang saluran yang dilewatinya dan terbagi secara proposional diantara titik-titik konsumen sampai pada hulu penyulang. Harga energi didasari  penetapan harga di titik awal penyulang distribusi., penambahan harga energi tiap titik disebabkan tambahan rugi energi saluran antara tiap titik yang ditanggung oleh konsumen yang aliran dayanya melalui saluran tersebut. Model jaringan  standar IEEE 13 simpul penyulang radial dan beberapa model bentuk jaringan  digunakan sebagai model  jaringan  uji penelitian untuk mendapatkan program yang berlaku umum bagi tiap jaringan  distribusi radial.
Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Serat terhadap Sifat-sifat Tarik Komposit Diperkuat Unidirectional Serat Tebu dengan Matrik Poliester Berli P. Kamiel, M. Budi Nur Rahman ,
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 14, No 2 (2011): NOVEMBER 2011
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Sugar cane fiber has not optimallybeen used as reinforcement of compositematerial. So far, bagasse has been used as  firewood-substitute, raw material for papers, and brake lining. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of fiber volume fraction, Vf, on tensile strength of unidirectional sugar cane fiber/polyester composites. The material being used was sugar cane fiber, 268 SHCP BQTN  polyester resin and catalyst . Fibers were soaked in alkali (NaOH) 5% for 2 hours in order to remove their impurities. Composite panels were made with a printing press and the volume fractions of the fiber were 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Prior to being cut into specimens, the panels were subsequenlypost-cured at a temperature of 60 0C for 4 hours. Tensile testing wa carried out according to theASTM D638 standard, and fracture area photo macrographs of selected sampleswere analysed in order to find out the characteristics of fracture. It was found out that increasing the fiber volume fraction resulted in thedecrease of tesilestrength and strain,butincrease of the modulus of elasticity . The highest average tensile strength and strain was obtained at Vf = 0% (31.44 MPa and 9,11%), and a tensile modulus of elasticity was at Vf = 20% of 426.92 MPa. The observations on the photo macrographs showed thatcomposite fracture predominantly occuredspecimens withVf = 30%, and single fracture combined withfiber pull-out was identified for those ofVf = 0%, 10%, 20% and 40%.

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