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Elkawnie
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
ISSN : 24608912     EISSN : 24608920     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Engineering
Elkawnie is a journal of Integration Science and Technology with Islam. It's covering research and technology in the field of study of Architecture, Biology, Chemistry, Environmental Engineering, ICT, Physical Engineering and other science and technology field. In particular, Elkawnie's journal discusses the development of research and technology in contributing to development as part of Muslim scientists in the academic sphere.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 1 (2024)" : 14 Documents clear
In-Silico Analysis of Eugenol and Beta-Caryophyllene Compounds in Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) on NF-kB Protein As Anti-inflammatory Agent In Atherosclerosis Astuti Kusumorini; Yani Suryani; Fauziah Qurota Ayuni; Opik Taupiqurrohman
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.17387

Abstract

Abstract: Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease, which is ranked as the world's deadliest disease by WHO. The NF-kB protein is important in the development of atherosclerosis. Inhibiting the inflammatory response pathway via the NF-kB protein can inhibit the development of atherosclerosis. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.)  is one of the plants with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties. The main constituents of clove are eugenol and beta-caryophyllene (BCP), which have been extensively researched for their anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to simulate the potency of eugenol and BCP compounds by measuring their binding affinity and observing the interactions that occur when they are tethered to the active site of the NF-kB protein. The research was carried out in silico method, using molecular docking techniques. According to the analysis, eugenol and BCP had binding affinity values of -5.9 kcal/mol and -7.0 kcal/mol, respectively. The eugenol compound forms 12 interactions on the active site of NF-kB protein, consisting of the hydrogen bond, carbon-hydrogen bond, pi-sigma, alkyl, and Van Der Waals interactions. Meanwhile, 5 interactions form between BCP and NF-kB protein, including Van Der Waals, alkyl, and pi-sigma interactions. The bond affinity calculations of the eugenol-NF-kB protein are stronger than the BCP-NF-kB protein. In addition, the number of interactions formed by eugenol- NF-kB protein is greater than BCP-NF-kB protein. Based on the description, the eugenol compound has better potential to influence the function of the NF-kB protein than BCP, so the eugenol compound is recommended for in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory tests.Abstrak: Aterosklerosis adalah salah satu penyebab utama penyakit kardiovaskular, yang menduduki peringkat penyakit paling mematikan di dunia menurut WHO. Protein NF-kB penting dalam perkembangan aterosklerosis. Menghambat jalur respon inflamasi melalui protein NF-kB dapat menghambat perkembangan aterosklerosis. Cengkih (Syzygium aromatikum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang mempunyai sifat anti inflamasi dan anti aterosklerotik. Kandungan utama cengkeh adalah eugenol dan beta-caryophyllene (BCP), telah banyak diteliti sifat anti inflamasinya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan potensi senyawa eugenol dan BCP dengan mengukur afinitas pengikatannya dan mengamati interaksi yang terjadi ketika ditambatkan pada sisi aktif protein NF-kB. Penelitian dilakukan secara in silico dengan menggunakan teknik molekuler docking. Berdasarkan analisis, eugenol dan BCP memiliki nilai afinitas pengikatan masing-masing sebesar -5,9 kkal/mol dan -7,0 kkal/mol. Senyawa eugenol membentuk 12 interaksi pada sisi aktif protein NF-kB, terdiri dari interaksi ikatan hidrogen, ikatan karbon-hidrogen, pi-sigma, alkil, dan Van Der Waals. Sementara itu, terjadi 5 interaksi antara protein BCP dan NF-kB, antara lain interaksi Van Der Waals, alkil, dan pi-sigma. Perhitungan afinitas ikatan protein eugenol-NF-kB lebih kuat dibandingkan protein BCP-NF-kB. Selain itu, jumlah interaksi yang terbentuk protein eugenol-NF-kB lebih besar dibandingkan protein BCP-NF-kB. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, senyawa eugenol mempunyai potensi yang lebih baik dalam mempengaruhi fungsi protein NF-kB dibandingkan BCP, sehingga senyawa eugenol direkomendasikan untuk uji antiinflamasi dengan metode in vitro dan in vivo.
Effect of Electrode Distance, Stirring Speed and Contact Time on Removal of Polyethylene Microplastics (Microbeads) Using Electrocoagulation Method Fadhila Fadhila; Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Amir Husin; Ferdy Ashari Syawal
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.22195

Abstract

Abstract: Daily use of personal care products containing microbeads causes severe problems for the aquatic environment. Greywater is a pathway for microbeads to enter domestic waste and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from personal care products. Their tiny size and hydrophobic nature allow microbeads to escape from WWTPs and end up in surface water. Therefore, processing efforts are needed to remove microbeads, one of which is using the electrocoagulation method with aluminum (Al) electrodes. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the electrocoagulation process using Al electrodes arranged in a monopolar configuration in a batch reactor to see the effect of variations in distance between electrodes of 1, 2.5, and 3.5 cm, stirring speed of 150, 200, and 250 rpm; with the contact time 60, 120, and 180 minutes in removing microbeads from artificial wastewater. This research shows that the best efficiency value of 99.30% occurs in operating conditions with a distance between electrodes of 2.5 cm, a stirring speed of 150 rpm, and a contact time of 180 minutes. ANOVA results showed that distance between electrodes, stirring speed, and contact time significantly affected microbead removal efficiency (p<0.05). The results of this research can be a reference for alternative tertiary processing at WWTPs.Abstrak: Penggunaan produk perawatan pribadi sehari-hari yang mengandung microbeads menyebabkan masalah serius bagi lingkungan perairan. Greywater merupakan jalur masuknya microbeads ke dalam limbah domestik dan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) dari produk perawatan pribadi. Ukurannya yang sangat kecil dan sifat hidrofobiknya memungkinkan microbeads keluar dari IPAL dan berakhir ke air permukaan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya pengolahan untuk menyisihkan microbeads, salah satunya dengan menggunakan metode elektrokoagulasi dengan elektroda aluminium (Al). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja proses elektrokoagulasi menggunakan elektroda Al yang disusun dalam konfigurasi monopolar dalam reaktor batch untuk melihat pengaruh variasi jarak antar elektroda 1, 2,5, dan 3,5 cm, kecepatan pengadukan 150, 200, dan 250 rpm, dan waktu kontak 60, 120, dan 180 menit dalam menyisihkan microbeads dari air limbah artifisial. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai efisiensi terbaik sebesar 99,30% terjadi pada kondisi operasi dengan jarak antar elektroda 2,5 cm, kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm, dan waktu kontak 180 menit. Hasil ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa jarak antar elektroda, kecepatan pengadukan, dan waktu kontak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi penyisihan microbead (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi alternatif pengolahan tersier di IPAL.
Specific Sequence Motif of Var Gene as Predictor of Malaria Outcome Erma Sulistyaningsih; Rosita Dewi; Sheilla Rachmania; Irawan Fajar Kusuma; Sahrir Sillehu
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.14808

Abstract

Abstract: The Var gene family encodes for Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein-1 (PfEMP1), a protein responsible for malaria pathogenesis. One of the variants, the var D gene, is hypothesized as a predictor of clinical malaria outcomes. The study aimed to investigate the association between the expression of the var D gene and clinical malaria outcomes. Blood spots on filter paper from uncomplicated and severe malaria patients were collected for DNA and RNA extraction. The RNA was reverse-transcribed into cDNA. DNA and cDNA were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique using specific var D primer, and PCR products were electrophorized in 1% agarose. DNA amplification resulted in double bands of approximately 230 bp and 250 bp in uncomplicated and severe malaria samples. However, the cDNA amplification generated a single band of 230 bp from four out of five severe malaria samples. The existence of band solely in severe malaria transcript suggested its involvement in the pathogenesis of severe malaria. In conclusion, the expression of var D gene-specific sequence can be a potential predictor of severe malaria outcomes.Abstrak: Famili gen var mengkode Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein-1 (PfEMP1), suatu protein yang berperan penting dalam proses patogenesis malaria. Salah satu variannya, gen var D, diduga merupakan prediktor gambaran klinis malaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ekspresi gen var D  dan gambaran klinis malaria. Sampel berupa tetesan darah pada kertas filter dari pasien malaria tanpa komplikasi dan malaria berat dikumpulkan untuk diekstraksi DNA dan RNAnya. RNA selanjutnya di trankripsi reverse menjadi cDNA. DNA dan cDNA diamplifikasi dengan teknik PCR menggunakan primer spesifik var D dan produk PCR dielektroforesis menggunakan agarosa 1 %. Amplifikasi DNA menghasilkan beragam pita berukuran sekitar 230 bp dan 250 bp pada sampel malaria tanpa komplikasi dan malaria berat, tetapi amplifikasi cDNA hanya menunjukkan satu pita berukuran 230 bp pada 4 dari 5 sampel malaria berat. Keberadaan pita hanya pada sampel malaria berat mengindikasikan peran gen ini dalam patogenesis malaria berat. Disimpulkan bahwa gen var D dapat ditemukan pada sampel malaria tanpa komplikasi dan berat, namun ekpresi gen tersebut dapat menjadi prediktor yang potensial  timbulnya manifestasi klinis malaria berat.
An Insight of TiO2 and Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) Effect of Phase Crystalline Structures for PVDF Hollow Fiber Membrane Rhafiq Abdul Ghani; Muthia Elma; Aulia Rahma; Wahyu Wahyu
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.21455

Abstract

Abstract: Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes have excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. However, their hydrophobicity can lead to fouling and hinder permeability. Modifying this hydrophobicity is challenging due to PVDF's complex polymorphous structures, with the β-phase offering superior fouling resistance. One approach to improve PVDF hollow fiber membranes is the addition of inorganic additive materials to reduce hydrophobicity. The objective of this study is to offer new insights into the preparation of PVDF hollow fiber membranes using wet spinning with various additives, such as TiO2 and SBE. The investigation focused on the functional groups of PVDF in both the α and β phases. The membrane was fabricated using regenerated SBE and TiO2, which were incorporated through dope solution preparation and phase inversion through a wet spinning technique. The study used the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) technique to characterize the PVDF hollow fiber membranes. The study found that the PVDF hollow fiber membranes exhibit differences in α and β phase crystalline structures when combined with various additives. The addition of SBE to PVDF hollow fiber membranes results in a dominant β-phase crystalline structure, as indicated by the relative fraction of 0.70 and the largest peak area of 2.27. This has successfully improved the hydrophilic properties of the PVDF-SBE hollow fiber membrane.Abstrak: Membran hollow fiber polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) memiliki sifat mekanik dan stabilitas kimia yang sangat baik. Namun, sifat hidrofobiknya dapat menyebabkan fouling dan menurunkan permeabilitas membran. Oleh karena itu memodifikasi sifat hidrofobisitas ini cukup menantang karena struktur polimorf PVDF yang kompleks, terutama dengan keberadaan fase β yang memberikan ketahanan terhadap fouling. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan membran hollow fiber PVDF adalah dengan penambahan bahan aditif anorganik untuk mengurangi hidrofobisitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguak wawasan baru dalam pembuatan membran serat berongga PVDF menggunakan wet spinning dengan berbagai aditif, seperti TiO2 dan SBE. Investigasi difokuskan pada gugus fungsional PVDF berupa fase α dan β.  Membran dibuat dengan menggunakan TiO2 dan SBE regenerasi, yang dibuat melalui pembuatan larutan dope dan inversi fasa melalui metode wet spinning. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) untuk mengkarakterisasi membran serat berongga PVDF. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa membran serat berongga PVDF menunjukkan perbedaan struktur kristal fase α dan β ketika dikombinasikan dengan berbagai aditif. Penambahan SBE pada membran serat berongga PVDF menghasilkan struktur kristal fase β yang dominan, seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh fraksi relatif 0,70 dan area puncak terbesar 2,27. Hal ini telah berhasil meningkatkan sifat hidrofilik membran serat berongga PVDF-SBE.
Development of A Dyscalculia Identification Test Instrument Budi Azhari; Rahmah Johar; Evi Ramadhani; Mailizar Mailizar
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.23347

Abstract

Abstract: This research aims to develop a dyscalculia test instrument for early identification of children with dyscalculia learning disorders through a series of validity and reliability tests involving various experts from various related fields. This research uses the Tessmer model in developing test instruments through several stages, including: preliminary, self evaluation, prototyping (expert reviews, one-to-one, and small group), and field tests. The research results show that each research variable, namely X1 (type A), X2 (type B), and X3 (Dyscalculia), has met high validity. All question items in these three variables have an r-value that exceeds the r-table, ensuring that the instrument measures what it is intended to measure and reflects the construct accurately. The reliability test results show that each variable has a raw_alpha above 0.80, which reflects very high reliability. This shows that the instrument has the ability to produce consistent and reliable results under repeated use and on different samples. So that the instrument developed can be used to identify and diagnose dyscalculic children in helping dyscalculic children overcome the difficulty of learning mathematics.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen tes diskalkulia untuk mengidentifikasi awal anak dengan gangguan belajar diskalkulia melalui serangkaian uji validitas dan reliabilitas yang melibatkan berbagai pihak ahli dari berbagai bidang terkait. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Tessmer dalam mengembangkan instrumen tes melalui beberapa tahapan, antara lain: preliminary, self evaluation, prototyping (expert reviews, one-to-one, dan small group), dan field test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap variabel penelitian, yakni X1 (tipe A), X2 (tipe B), dan X3 (Diskalkulia), telah memenuhi validitas yang tinggi. Semua item soal di ketiga variabel tersebut memiliki r-hitung yang melebihi r-tabel, memastikan bahwa instrumen mengukur apa yang dimaksudkan untuk diukur dan mencerminkan konstruk dengan akurat. Hasil uji reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa setiap variabel memiliki raw_alpha di atas 0,80, yang mencerminkan reliabilitas yang sangat tinggi. Ini menunjukkan bahwa instrumen memiliki kemampuan untuk menghasilkan hasil yang konsisten dan dapat diandalkan dalam penggunaan berulang dan pada sampel yang berbeda. Sehingga instrumen yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan keperluaan identifiksi dan mendiagnosa anak diskalkulia dalam membantu anak diskalkulia mengatasi masalah kesulitan belajar matematika.
Maredan Natural Clay as Raw Material for Zeolite Synthesis Akmaluddin Akmaluddin; Nurmasitoh Nurmasitoh; Muhdarina Muhdarina
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.15626

Abstract

Abstract: The Maredan Riau clay contains alumina silica components, which can serve as raw material for zeolite synthesis. This research has been conducted on the effects of aging time and crystallization temperature during the zeolite synthesis process, which is the result of converting Maredan clay raw materials. The synthesis of zeolite follows a series of steps, including activation of natural clay using 1M H2SO4 and calcination at 650oC, curing of the post-calcination clay in 5 M NaOH, crystallization at different temperatures (80, 90, and 100ºC) for 8 hours, setting the final pH to up to 8 and drained. The solid obtained in zeolite was characterized to determine the ratio of Si/Al, type of zeolite and crystallinity, functional groups, and zeolite surface morphology. The analysis results with XRF at a crystallization temperature of 100°C showed that the Si/Al zeolite ratio was 1.75 which corresponds to the Si/Al ratio of sodalite-type zeolite. Accordingly, analysis with XRD also supports the formation of sodalite with a crystallinity of 51% and a crystal size of 30.03 nm. The FTIR and SEM characterization respectively showed the presence of D4R or D6R double ring external vibration of the sodalite at wave number 558.42 cm-1 and its morphology was round with petals which is a typical morphology of sodalite. It was concluded that the increase in crystallization temperature caused the crystallinity of the resulting sodalite to increase as well.Abstrak: Lempung Maredan Riau mengandung komponen alumina silika, yang dapat berperan sebagai bahan baku untuk sintesis zeolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati efek waktu aging dan suhu kristalisasi selama proses sintesis zeolit, yang merupakan hasil konversi bahan baku lempung Maredan. Sintesis zeolit mengikuti serangkaian tahap, di antaranya aktivasi lempung alam menggunakan 1M H2SO4 dan kalsinasi pada suhu 650oC, pemeraman lempung pasca kalsinasi di dalam 5 M NaOH, kristalisasi pada suhu yang berbeda (80, 90 dan 100ºC) selama 8 jam, pengaturan pH akhir hingga mencapai 8 dan dikeringkan. Padatan yang diperoleh berupa zeolit dikarakterisasi untuk menetapkan rasio Si/Al, jenis zeolit dan kristalinitas, gugus fungsi dan morfologi permukaan zeolit. Hasil analisis dengan XRF pada suhu kristalisasi 100oC menunjukkan bahwa rasio Si/Al zeolit adalah 1,75 yang sesuai dengan rasio Si/Al zeolit jenis sodalit. Sejalan dengan itu, analisis dengan XRD juga mendukung terbentuknya sodalit dengan kristalinitas 51% dan ukuran kristal 30,03 nm. Karakterisasi FTIR dan SEM masing-masing menunjukkan adanya vibrasi eksternal cincin ganda D4R atau D6R dari sodalit pada bilangan gelombang 558,42 cm-1 dan morfologinya berbentuk bulat berkelopak yang merupakan morfologi khas dari sodalit. Disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan suhu kristalisasi menyebabkan kristalinitas sodalit yang dihasilkan meningkat.
Generation and Characterization of Bio-Oil Obtained From The Slow Pyrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches at Various Temperatures Siti Jamilatun; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Dwita Sarah; Anggun Puspitasari
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.17844

Abstract

Abstract: In the last decade, biomass pyrolysis has received more attention in the renewable energy sector. This technology converts biomass to obtain valuable products: bio-oil, biochar, and gas. Bio-oil is a liquid product from pyrolysis that can be used to fuel boilers and furnaces, or further processed to produce fuel oil and chemical products. In this study, bio-oil was generated from slow pyrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) at various temperatures. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of temperature on the properties of products generated from the pyrolysis of OPEFB. Six different pyrolysis temperatures ranging from 300 to 700℃ were used to produce bio-oil. It was found that operating temperature affected the product yield and its properties significantly. The higher the operating temperature of slow pyrolysis, the amount of bio-oil produced was also increased with a decrease in biochar yield. The highest yield of bio-oil was found to be 55.53% at a pyrolysis temperature of 700℃ with a yield of biochar and syngas was 24.22% and 20.25%, respectively. The GC-MS analysis was used as a quantitative means to characterize the liquid pyrolysis product. The findings of GC-MS showed that bio-oil generated in this study was dominated by phenols and ketones. In conclusion, pyrolysis of OPEFB demonstrates significant potential for industrial applications to generate valuable products especially bio-oil, providing a renewable alternative to fossil fuels.Abstrak: Dalam satu dekade terakhir, pirolisis biomassa semakin mendapat perhatian di sektor energi terbarukan. Teknologi ini mengubah biomassa menjadi produk-produk yang bernilai seperti: bio-oil, biochar, dan gas. Bio-oil adalah produk cair dari pirolisis yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar boiler dan furnace, atau diproses lebih lanjut untuk menghasilkan bahan bakar minyak dan produk kimia. Dalam penelitian ini, bio-oil dihasilkan dari proses pirolisis lambat tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) pada berbagai kondisi suhu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu terhadap karakteristik produk yang dihasilkan dari pirolisis TKKS. Berbagai variasi suhu pirolisis dari rentang 300 hingga 700℃ digunakan untuk menghasilkan bio-oil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu pirolisis mempengaruhi yield produk dan karakteristiknya secara signifikan. Semakin tinggi suhu operasi pirolisis, jumlah bio-oil yang dihasilkan juga semakin meningkat, namun diikuti dengan penurunan yield biochar. Yield tertinggi bio-oil yaitu sebesar 55,53% diperoleh pada suhu 700℃ diikuti dengan yield biochar dan syngas masing-masing sebesar 24,22% and 20,25%. Analisis GC-MS digunakan sebagai metode kuantitatif untuk mengkarakterisasi produk cair dari pirolisis. Hasil GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa komposisi bio-oil yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini didominasi oleh senyawa fenol dan keton. Penelitian ini menjanjikan potensi dari pirolisis TKKS untuk aplikasi industri guna menghasilkan produk bernilai tinggi berupa bio-oil sebagai penyedia sumber energi terbarukan pengganti bahan bakar fosil.
Arabic Diacritic-Aware Text-Audio Segmentation and Alignment Model (DASAM) Adel Sabour; Abdeltawab Hendawi; Mohamed Ali
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.23637

Abstract

Abstract: This paper introduces the Diacritic-Aware Segmentation and Alignment Model for Arabic (DASAM). Diacritics are vital for pronunciation and meaning in the Arabic language but are often ignored by current speech recognition systems. DASAM is designed for word-level segmentation and alignment in unseen audio and associating them with diacritic-marked Arabic text. The DASAM approach uses linguistic analysis based on intonation rules. DASAM then applies Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) to match the reference audio word with its position in the unseen sentence audio. The model outputs a list of words with their start and end times in the recording. Tested on the Qur’an dataset, DASAM outperforms Google Speech-to-Text (STT) in predicting word timings. It achieves higher accuracy in text-audio alignment, with values of 0.959 and 0.957 for word start and end times, respectively (compared to Google STT’s 0.870 and 0.849). Additionally, DASAM employs advanced signal processing techniques and demonstrates robustness across various audio variations. These results establish that DASAM constitutes a fundamental building block for speech-to-text conversion and linguistic research in Arabic, particularly for applications involving diacritics.
Analysis of The Effect of Aluminum Electrode Geometry on The Removal of Polyethylene Microbeads Using The Electrocoagulation Method in Greywater Ferdy Ashari Syawal; Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Shinta Indah; Fadhila Fadhila
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.22307

Abstract

Abstract: The increasing use of cosmetics and personal care products containing small-sized and low-density microbeads will disrupt the aquatic environment because they are difficult to remove in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Electrocoagulation (EC) is an effective technology for removing microbeads from greywater. This research aims to develop an effective cylindrical electrode geometry design in the EC process to reduce electrode passivation, as evidenced by the removal of polyethylene (PE) microbeads from greywater, reduced energy consumption, and the analysis of the EC kinetics model. Experiments were carried out on batch and continuous systems using artificial greywater with an initial concentration of 0.5 g/L. Variations made in the batch system are the geometry of the cylindrical electrode without holes (ESTB), a cylindrical electrode with holes (ESB), a cylindrical electrode with anode with holes, and a cathode with no holes (ESB-A), a cylindrical electrode with cathode, with holes and anode with no holes (ESB-K), and plate electrode (EP). The variations carried out in the continuous system were flow rates of 60, 70, 80, and 90 mL/minute using the best electrode geometry design obtained from the batch system. The best removal efficiency of PE microbeads in a batch system was 98.44% in ESB-K geometry and saved 75% energy consumption compared to EP. The best removal efficiency of PE microbeads in a continuous system was 79.76% at a flow rate of 60 mL/minute. The kinetic model of the EC reaction which corresponds to the removal process of PE microbeads is a first-order reaction. Future research should focus on optimizing the design of continuous reactors so that they can be applied to tertiary processing in domestic WWTPs and industrial WWTPs.Abstrak: Meningkatnya penggunaan kosmetik dan produk perawatan pribadi (CPCP) yang mengandung microbeads berukuran kecil dan berkepadatan rendah akan mengganggu lingkungan perairan karena sulit disisihkan di instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL). Elektrokoagulasi adalah teknologi yang efektif untuk menyisihkan microbeads dari greywater. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan desain geometri elektroda silinder yang efektif pada proses elektrokoagulasi untuk mengurangi pasivasi elektroda yang dibuktikan dari penyisihan microbeads polyethylene dari greywater dan pengurangan konsumsi energi yang digunakan dan menganalisis model kinetika elektrokoagukasi. Eksperimen dilakukan pada sistem batch dan kontinu menggunakan greywater artifisial dengan konsentrasi awal 0,5 g/L. Variasi yang dilakukan pada sistem batch adalah geometri elektroda silinder tidak berlubang (ESTB), elektroda  silinder  berlubang (ESB), elektroda silinder anoda berlubang dan katoda  tidak  berlubang (ESB-A), elektroda  silinder  katoda  berlubang  dan  anoda  tidak  berlubang (ESB-K), dan elektroda pelat (EP). Variasi yang dilakukan pada sistem kontinu adalah laju alir 60, 70, 80, dan 90 mL/menit menggunakan desain geometri elektroda terbaik yang diperoleh dari sistem batch. Efisiensi penyisihan microbeads polyethylene terbaik pada sistem batch sebesar 98,44% pada geometri ESB-K dan menghemat 75% konsumsi energi dibandingkan EP. Efisiensi penyisihan microbeads polyethylene terbaik pada sistem kontinu sebesar 79,76% pada laju alir 60 mL/menit. Model kinetika reaksi elektrokoagulasi yang sesuai dengan proses penyisihan microbeads polyethylene adalah reaksi orde satu. Penelitian selanjutnya harus berfokus pada optimalisasi desain reaktor kontinu, sehingga dapat diterapkan pada pengolahan tersier di IPAL domestik maupun IPAL industri.
Photodegradation of Liquid Waste Using ZnO/Graphene-Like Composites Desi Heltina; Raihan Daffansyah Sinaga; Yayan Setiawan; M Iwan Fermi; Amun Amri
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.21000

Abstract

Abstract: The development of industries such as textiles, dyes, plastics, medicines, cosmetics, and others is increasing along with a rise in production, leading to a high amount of liquid waste generated. Non-biodegradable, toxic, and carcinogenic liquid waste can cause environmental pollution to surrounding water. To address this challenge, biomass waste such as palm kernel shells can be used to treat liquid waste by compositing it with photocatalyst materials. Therefore, this research aimed to obtain ZnO/graphene-like composites to degrade liquid waste. ZnO/Graphene-like composites were synthesized using the solvothermal method, followed by calcination. The performance test was carried out by varying the types of methylene blue, methyl orange, and phenol waste with an initial concentration of 10 ppm, alongside the variations of ultraviolet (UV) and mercury lamps. Subsequently, characterization was carried out using SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, UV-Vis DRS, and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the percent degradation of methylene blue under UV and mercury were 83.42% and 84.93 % respectively, while methyl orange in the same conditions was 94.83% and 97.17%, respectively. Furthermore, the percent degradation of phenol in UV light and mercury were 86.03% and 89.62%, respectively. This showed that the use of mercury lamps on methyl orange was more effective than UV lamps on methylene blue and phenol.Abstrak: Perkembangan industri seperti industri tekstil, pewarna, plastik, obat-obatan, kosmetik, dan lain-lain semakin meningkat dengan seiring bertambahnya jumlah produksi sehingga jumlah limbah yang dihasilkan juga meningkat salah satunya limbah cair. Limbah cair yang tidak dapat terurai secara biologis, beracun, dan karsinogenik ke perairan terdekat mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan. Disisi lain, limbah biomassa seperti cangkang sawit dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengolah limbah cair, salah satunya mengkompositkan dengan material fotokatalis. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh komposit ZnO/graphene-like untuk mendegradasi limbah cair. Komposit ZnO/Graphene-like disintesis dengan metode solvothermal dan dikalsinasi. Uji kinerja komposit ZnO/graphene-like dilakukan dengan menvariasikan jenis limbah methylene blue, methyl orange dan fenol dengan konsentrasi awal masin-masing 10 ppm serta dengan variasi lampu UV dan lampu merkuri. Komposit ZnO/Graphene-like dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, UV-Vis DRS dan UV-Vis Spektrofotometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persen degradasi methylene blue di bawah sinar UV dan merkuri masing-masing sebesar 83,42% dan 84,93%, sedangkan methyl orange dengan sinar UV dan merkuri masing-masing sebesar 94,83% dan 97,17%. Selanjutnya, persen degradasi fenol dengan sinar UV dan merkuri masing-masing adalah 86,03% dan 89,62%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lampu merkuri pada methyl orange lebih efektif dibandingkan lampu UV pada methylene blue dan fenol.

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