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Heuristic
Published by Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
ISSN : 16938232     EISSN : 27231585     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30996/heuristic.v22i1
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal HEURISTIC is published biannually, in April and October, by Industrial Engineering Department, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya. Jurnal HEURISTIC aims to: 1. Promote a comprehensive approach to industrial engineering incorporating viewpoints of different disciplines. 2. Strengthen academic exchange with other institutions. 3. Encourage scientist, practicing engineers, and others to conduct research and other similar activities. Scope of the Journal: Optimasi; Ergonomi; Manufaktur; Ekonomi & Manajemen; Logistics and Supply Chain; Data Mining; Analisa Keputusan.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Tenik Industri dan Manufaktur
Articles 109 Documents
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Workforce Planning in Leather Shoe Stitching Line Using Workload Analysis Method at PT X Sidoarjo Moch Isabil Liwaq; Handy Febri Satoto; Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133533

Abstract

The leather shoe manufacturing industry requires efficient production processes to meet output targets and maintain high quality standards. PT X, a leather shoe manufacturer in Sidoarjo, East Java, produces shoes for the International brand. The stitching line at PT X experiences consistent failure to achieve daily production targets, leading to 1–3 hours of overtime per day. This condition indicates that the existing workforce distribution and workload are not yet optimal. This study aims to measure the actual workload of workers on the stitching line and to determine the optimal number of workers using the Workload Analysis (WLA) method. The research was conducted through direct time measurement (stopwatch time study) combined with work sampling to calculate standard time, performance rating, and allowance for each work element. The workload calculation showed that all 18 work elements exceeded 100 percent, with an average workload of 123.17 percent, indicating overload conditions across the line. Based on the WLA method and standard output calculations, the optimal workforce requirement was determined to be 19 workers. A comparative cost analysis demonstrated that employing 19 workers at regular time (IDR 91,200,000/month) is more cost-effective than retaining 18 workers with overtime (IDR 98,565,120/month). These findings provide a quantitative basis for workforce planning decisions in the stitching production line.
Line Balancing and Workload Redistribution to Reduce Overtime in a Mixed-Model Production System at CV XYZ Agatha Hannabel Avananta Puteri; Erni Puspanantasari Putri; Jirayut Nakhowong; Pariwat Jantarangsee
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133557

Abstract

CV XYZ is a spare parts manufacturing company in Surabaya facing production line imbalance in a mixed-model line producing Spur Gear, Shaft Pump, and Housing Bearing. The initial conditions showed Workstation 2 Lathe Machine (1 meter) as the primary bottleneck with a workload of 212.67% and Full Time Equivalent value of 2.31 due to simultaneous processing of two products. This resulted in line efficiency of 66.61 percent, Balance Delay of 33.39 percent, Smoothness Index of 325.68, and 885 man-hours of overtime costing IDR 18,585,000 during October 2025–March 2026. Based on three improvement iterations, the third was selected as the optimal solution with a 6-workstation configuration through optimization of Lathe Machine (1 meter). The proposed improvement increased line efficiency to 85.91 percent, reduced Balance Delay to 14.09 percent, and lowered the Smoothness Index to 87.78. Workforce validation showed 6 operators are sufficient, with Workstations 1 through 4  within the normal category. Second lathe machine optimization reduced overtime to 548 hours, cutting overtime costs IDR 7,077,000. Total operational costs decreased from IDR 112,930,975 to IDR 107,562,767, yielding net saving of IDR 5,368,208 or 4.75 percent without additional labor or investment in new machinery.
Optimization of Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Using Heuristic Algorithms to Minimize Tardiness and Overtime Cost Valentina Maya Angela; Siti Mundari
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133559

Abstract

Metal manufacturing SMEs under Make-to-Order systems, such as CV. XYZ in Surabaya, often face a critical problem: excessive tardiness and overtime costs caused by an unstructured scheduling approach in a Flexible Job Shop environment. This study addresses this problem by developing and comparing two heuristic scheduling algorithms, the Active Schedule Algorithm with the Most Work Remaining (MWKR) rule and the Non-Delay Algorithm with the Shortest Processing Time (SPT) rule, aiming to minimize makespan, tardiness, and overtime cost. Historical order data from December 2025 to February 2026, covering 13 jobs across 7 workstations, were collected and validated through stopwatch time studies. Performance was evaluated using makespan, tardiness, and overtime cost, benchmarked against the company's existing scheduling condition. Active Schedule-MWKR achieved a makespan of 26,022 minutes, a 27.42% reduction from the 35,880-minute baseline, completely eliminating tardiness and overtime. Non-Delay-SPT yielded only marginal improvement (11.26%), retaining 6.80 days of tardiness and IDR 999,600 in overtime costs. Compared to actual company conditions, Active Schedule-MWKR delivered IDR 2,415,000 in cost savings with full overtime elimination. These findings establish Active Schedule-MWKR as the recommended scheduling policy for Flexible Job Shop environments with heterogeneous job types, offering a practical and replicable framework for Indonesian manufacturing SMEs.
Waste Analysis in the Packaging Process Using a Lean Manufacturing Approach for Improving Production Performance Rekha Rofiq Tya Azzahra; Wiwin Widiasih
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133596

Abstract

This study aims to identify and reduce waste in the Aluvo product packaging process at PT XYZ using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Waste Assessment Model (WAM). Data were collected through direct observation and internal company documents over the period September 2025 to February 2026. Waste identification was carried out using a Waste Assessment Questionnaire (WAQ) distributed to five respondents directly involved in the packaging line, and further prioritized through Waste Relation Matrix (WRM) analysis. The results indicate that the dominant wastes are defect (WMV = 4.701) and overprocessing (WMV = 4.650). The current state Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) was 54.1% with a total lead time of 170 seconds. Following the implementation of improvement proposals including preventive maintenance scheduling, standard operating procedure (SOP) revision, operator training, and layout improvement the future state PCE increased to 83.3% with lead time reduced to 84 seconds. Key Performance Indicators also improved: average defect rate decreased from 12.7% to 10.2%, machine availability increased from 87.11% to 90.33%, and productivity increased from 3,611 pcs/hr to 3,972 pcs/hr.
Application of Forecasting and Transportation Models to Optimize Beef Distribution Costs Henri Ponda; Nur Fadilah Fatma; Joko Hardono; Joko Supono; Puji Rahayu
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133597

Abstract

Inaccurate demand estimation often leads to inefficient distribution planning and increased transportation costs, particularly in perishable food distribution systems. This study aims to optimize beef distribution costs by integrating forecasting techniques with transportation optimization methods. Historical sales data from three distribution destinations Baros, Cimahi, and Dewi Sartika were analyzed using several forecasting methods, namely Single Moving Average, Weighted Moving Average, Exponential Smoothing, and Linear Regression. Forecasting accuracy was evaluated using the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) criterion to determine the most suitable method for each destination. The results show that Linear Regression generated the lowest MAD value for Baros (4.77), while Exponential Smoothing with α = 0.1 produced the most accurate forecasts for Cimahi and Dewi Sartika with MAD values of 35.19 and 34.16, respectively. The selected forecasting results were subsequently used as input for transportation optimization. The initial transportation allocation obtained using the North West Corner (NWC) method generated a total cost of Rp.63,060,000. Further optimization using the Stepping Stone and Modified Distribution (MODI) methods successfully reduced the transportation cost to Rp.41,170,000, representing a significant improvement in distribution efficiency. The findings confirm that integrating forecasting and transportation models can improve demand estimation accuracy and minimize logistics costs simultaneously. This study contributes to the application of industrial engineering approaches in logistics and supply chain management, particularly for perishable product distribution systems.
Mechanical Work Occupational Safety Risk Analysis Using JSA and HIRARC at PT ABB Fannisha Aura Rifqo; Bintang Nidia Kusuma; Muhammad Ali Akbar
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133804

Abstract

This study aims to identify potential hazards, assess occupational safety risks, and develop safety improvement recommendations for mechanical work at PT Arasindo Bina Bersama using the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) methods. This study employed qualitative and quantitative approaches through field observations, interviews, and documentation. JSA was used to identify potential hazards at each stage of the work process, while HIRARC was applied to assess risk levels and determine appropriate control measures based on the hierarchy of controls. The results identified three critical mechanical activities, namely hydraulic hose and pipe installation, axle component dismantling and installation, and hydraulic pipe and hose assembly, with a total of 26 identified hazards. The HIRARC risk assessment classified the hazards into 1 Very High Risk, 4 High Risk, 18 Medium Risk, and 3 Low Risk categories. Hazards classified as Very High Risk and High Risk were prioritized for immediate implementation of control measures. Meanwhile, Medium Risk hazards required additional controls to reduce the level of risk, whereas Low Risk hazards only required periodic monitoring. Safety improvement recommendations were developed based on the hierarchy of controls, including elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment. This study demonstrates that the integration of JSA and HIRARC provides a systematic approach to hazard identification, risk prioritization, and the development of effective control strategies to improve occupational safety and promote a sustainable occupational health and safety culture.
Analysis of User Requirements for an Educational Laboratory Material Inventory System Using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Cipto Ramdhani Yusuf; Muhamad Sayuti; Annisa Indah Pratiwi; N. Neni Triana
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133832

Abstract

Inventory management in one of the educational laboratories in Karawang is still carried out manually, causing inconsistency in stock data with actual conditions, delays in updating information, and low efficiency in supporting practicum and research activities. This research aims to identify the needs of students and lecturers as the main users, then translate them into technical specifications for the development of laboratory inventory information systems. The method used is Quality Function Deployment (QFD) through House of Quality (Phase I) and Part Deployment (Phase II). Data was collected through observations, interviews, and questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability before being analyzed. The results of the study show four main needs of users, namely system access speed, data security, attractive interface, and ease of use. In QFD Phase I, these needs translate into priority technical characteristics in the form of servers and databases, menu structures, and interfaces and user experience. Furthermore, QFD Phase II produces eight priority component characteristics, including multi-device support, rapid system response, API integration with College Information Systems, responsive design, database management, simple navigation, data encryption, and high-availability servers. This research contributes through the application of QFD up to Phase II as a systematic approach in designing a laboratory inventory information system that is oriented to user needs so as to improve service quality, ease of use, and operational efficiency.
Optimization of Vehicle Polish Liquid Production Quantity at Son Polish Using Integer Programming Aloysius Lionel Moise; Herlina Herlina
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/heuristic.v23i1.133590

Abstract

Son Polish is an industry that produces various liquid products that are useful for caring for the body and components in automotive vehicles. Although it has been established for a long time, Son Polish will only undergo the acquisition process for the first time in 2025. So that in its implementation, Son Polish does not have a production management system in determining the optimal daily production output by considering the capacity of the company's resources. Considering that Son Polish currently has 8 types of products, each of which has different resource needs, of course. This condition causes a deviation that occurs between the amount of production and consumer demand who have various types of products. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the optimal combination of production amounts. Based on the results of the integer programming model using the branch and bound method which was completed using lingo software, a combination of Son Polish production was obtained by producing 3 batches of Son Spray, 2 batches of Son Jelly, 1 batch of Son Taro, 2 batches of Tire Polish, 2 batches of Son Black, 1 batch of Son R, 1 batch of Haalus Compound and 1 batch of Rough Compound. With a profit obtained of Rp. 136,365,000.00/month or equivalent to Rp. 5,454,600.00/day.
LIST OF CONTENTS HEURISTIC HEURISTIC
Heuristic Vol 23, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

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