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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 1 (2001)" : 9 Documents clear
Herbisida Parakuat dalam Lahan Gambut: II. Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai Erni Martani; Bambang Hendro Sunarminto; Agus Supriyo; Sebastian Margino
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10017

Abstract

Utilization of peat soil for agriculture faces several constraints, such as low soil fertility and pH value. No-tillage agricultural system in peat land needs application of herbicides, for example herbicides with paraquat as active agent. This research was conducted to study the influence of paraquat on the growth and yield of soybean in peat. Peat soil from Central Kalimantan Province was obtained for this study. Due to the requirement of the plant, the soil was treated with lime and NPK-fertilizers. The results showed that paraquat significantly inhibited vegetative growth and decreased soybean production. These phenomena were found in early and advanced decomposed peat soil. Enhancement of vegetative growth and yield were detected when peat was treated with lime and or fertilizers. Liming treatment also supported the formation of root nodules. Inspite of increasing the growth of soybean, lime and fertilizers addition in peat was able to neutralize the negative effect of paraquat on the growth and yield of soybean. The best growth and yield of soybean were found in early decomposed peat soil, i.e. fibric peat soil.
Populasi Bakteri Antagonistik terhadap Fusarium sp. dari Rizosfer Lada Sehat dan Sakit Kuning Suwandi Suwandi; Abdul Mazid; Surahman Surahman
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9574.309 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10022

Abstract

Populations of antagonistic bacteria colonizing rhizosphere of diseased and healthy black pepper plants were compared to explore the biocontrol function of these populations on yellow disease of black pepper. As many as 180 isolates (equivalent to population of 1.8 x 1010 cfu/g fresh weight of root) were randomly selected and tested for their antagonistic activities against Fusarium sp., a pathogen of yellow disease. To characterize the populations, the isolates were tested for their fluorescent and Gram reaction. There was an evidence of significant association between antagonistic activities and the disease incidence. We found the significant larger proportion of antagonistic bacteria from the rhizosphere of healthy black pepper, whereas no significant difference between proportion of antagonistic and non-antagonistic population from yellow disease-affected rhizosphere. Populations of antagonistic bacteria were dominated by the population of non-fluorescent Gram-negative. Most of the fluorescent populations were antagonistic to Fusarium sp.
Inventarisasi dan Identifikasi Jenis Tumbuhan Pengendali Hama di Kecamatan, Kabupaten Rembang, Provinsi Jawa Tengah Edhi Martono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10018

Abstract

The economic crisis also hit hard the agricultural sector, as production inputs such as synthetic chemical pesticides and fertilizers became expensive and at times hard to get. But the ingenious and innovative thinking of the farmers were sometimes proven invaluable. They look back at the practices inherited from their ancestors: using plant materials as botanical pesticides as well as compost. While earlier the farmers were told that botanicals' use promotes safer environment and cleaner products, later they chose the alternative with more economical consideration. Unfortunately they have little, if available, records and notes regarding these promising plant materials. Not much have been done in the past to identify and record the kinds of plant and plant materials with pesticidal properties. This study was done based on this premise. Rembang regency in north-eastern Central Java is a region with diverse area, starting from low coastal land to woody tropical hills. The farmers living in the area has long known the use of botanicals, but not as intensive as during the present (the year 1998–2000). The systematic and thorough inventory and identification of such botanicals, however, has yet to be done. Therefore a survey was conducted in Kecamatan Pamotan, Rembang regency, by attending the village gathering, talking to elders and leaders, and through snowball effect method collecting information from farmers who use botanicals to protect their crops. Visit to the field and woods to identify the plants were also carried out. The result is records on the kinds, relative number, the use and other important facts which may serve as the basis for further improvement of these environmentally friendly practices.
The Current Status of Baculovirus and Their Implication for Insect Pest Control Arman Wijonarko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10014

Abstract

Baculovirus have been promoted as the promising bioinsecticides for their pest control potential for more than half a century. But only a few have been successful as biological control agent, and almost none has been proven as commercial success, or widely used for large-scale insect pest control. The bioinsecticides currently represent only a small fraction of the world pesticide market. The successful of the Bt crop marked a special achievement in the bioinsecticide market growth. How about the baculoviruses? The main hurdle for baculovirus to be developed as bioinsecticide is its poor performance compare to synthetic chemical ones, include the speed of kill, and host range. It is important to understand the nature of baculovirus, and explore the possibilities to develop new way in applying the baculovirus as bioinsecticides.
Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Unggul Kedelai terhadap Nematoda Puru Akar (Meloidogyne incognita) Wayan Sukanaya
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10019

Abstract

The aims of this experiment are to find the varieties of soybean which are resistant against root-knot nematode (M. incognita) and to determine its attractancy toward the roots of resistant and susceptible soybean varieties. The experiment was divided into two parts, both parts using Completely Randomized Design. The first part was designed to determine the resistance and the second one to determine attractancy. The experiments were conducted in a green house and Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University for 5 months. Of the 23 varieties of soybean tested against M. incognita showed that two varieties (Petek and Rinjani) were moderately resistant, 11 varieties were moderately susceptible and 10 varieties were found to be susceptible. However, none of variety was resistant. While on attractancy of root test of moderately resistant and susceptible variety it was found that M. incognita was more attracted to root of susceptible variety (Ringgit) than to moderately resistant variety (Petek).
Pencemaran Tanah dan Air Tanah oleh Pestisida dan Cara Menanggulanginya Rachman Sutanto
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10015

Abstract

The large increase in the use of modern agricultural chemicals, including pesticides and fertilizers has made agriculture an important non-point source of soil and groundwater contamination. Nitrogen, heavy metals, and organic associated with pesticides are presumably the most common contaminants introduced into the environment by modern agricultural practices. The present and abundance of the chemical contaminants in the soil and underlying groundwater largely depends on their chemical species as well as the various physical, biological and chemical properties of the soil. Understanding these processes and interactions between the contaminants and soil constituents would be useful in identifying effective techniques to restore the soil and groundwater contaminated by modern agricultural practices and others modern society activities. When the level of these contaminants in the soil are such that the quality of the plants, food crops and the groundwater are being compromised, then remedial actions are necessary. Such remediation could include in situ technologies, including bioremediation or phytoremediation combined as well as agronomic-types approaches. The best strategy in reducing soil contamination is to reduce pollution at the source and to use best management practices, such as adopting the most appropriate land use for a given type of soil contamination.
Pengendalian Nematoda Puru Akar (Meloidogyne spp.) pada Buncis dengan Bakteri Pasteuria penetrans dan Solarisasi B. Triman; Mulyadi Mulyadi
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9500.689 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10020

Abstract

The objectives of the research were to study the effect of P. penetrans and soil solarization on the population of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and the effect of soil solarization on the infectivity of P. penetrans. The research was done in the field with high population of plant parasitic nematode especially root-knot nematodes. Soil solarization was done in dry season by covering the soil before french beans (buncis) were planted with transparent plastic and P. penetrans were inoculated before soil solarization. Factorial design in Completely Randomized Design was used in this experiment with the following factors: 1) soil solarization (within 1, 2, and 3 moths); 2) isolates of P. penetrans (i.e. isolate 2 and 3). The research results were: 1) Isolate 2 and 3 of P. penetrans were able to parasitize root-knot nematodes in soil solarized within 1, 2, and 3 months; 2) the length of soil solarization afected the infectivity of P. penetrans on Meloidogyne spp. The percentages of Meloidogyne spp. infected with isolate 2 of P. penetrans in soil solarization within 1, 2, and 3 months were 40.3%; 25.7%, and 10.1%, respectively, whereas in soil inoculated with isolate 3 of P. penetrans were: 37.3%, 10.2%, and 2.2%, respectively; 3) inoculation of P. penetrans reduced the root damage caused by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.); and 4) treatment of P. penetrans combined with soil solarization reduced the root damage caused by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.).
Infeksi Subletal Bacillus thuringiensis pada Helicoverpa armigera: Mungkinkah Menyebabkan Resurgensi? Tjandra Anggraeni; Ramadhani Eka Putra; Intan Ahmad
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9946.571 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10016

Abstract

Research on the effect of B. thuringiensis sublethal infection to the chance of H. armigera to resurgence has been conducted. Third instar insects were used and the concentration applied were 0 ppm, 150 ppm, 300 ppm, 450 ppm and 600 ppm. The result showed that along with the increase of B. thuringiensis infection, the number and the viability of the eggs production declined. In addition, the weight difference between the 3rd and the 4th instar became higher however between the 4th and the 5th became lower, moreover, the weight of female imago decreased, the life longevity of male and female imago were shorter and longer, respectively, along with the increase of B. thuringiensis infection. The possibility for resurgence will be discussed.
Optimasi Produksi Endokitinase dari Jamur Mikoparasit Trichoderma reesei Harjono Harjono; Siti Muslimah Widyastuti
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6505.487 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10021

Abstract

The objective of the experiment was to select optimal medium composition to induce endochitinase production of Trichoderma reesei. Growing media were prepared by substitution of 0.5% colloidal chitin, 0.5% colloidal chitin and 1% Polyvinyl Pyrrolidon (PVP), 1% crab shell chitin (Sigma), 1% crab shell chitin and 1% PVP into Richard’sMedium (RM). Selected bioagent T. reesei isolate 13 was grown onto the media and the specific activity of endochitinase was measured. The results showed that T. reesei grown in all media performed enzyme expression. The highest specific activity of endochitinase was detected on T. reesei grown in RM medium substituted with colloidal chitin and PVP, followed by the same fungi in RM medium substituted with crab shell chitin plus PVP, colloidal chitin and crab shell chitin alone.

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