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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 2 (2001)" : 8 Documents clear
Efektivitas Trichoderma spp. sebagai Pengendali Hayati terhadap Tiga Patogen Tular Tanah pada Beberapa Jenis Tanaman Kehutanan S. M. Widyastuti; Sumardi Sumardi; P. Sumantoro
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10072

Abstract

The experiment was aimed to compare Trichoderma spp. with fungicides in the control of soil-borne pathogens and to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the fungicides on the activity of Trichoderma spp. The first objective was achieved by applying antagonistic test of three isolates of Trichoderma spp. and inhibitory growth test of fungicides both against soil-borne pathogens. The second objective was attained by growing Trichoderma spp. on growth medium containing four level of fungicides. The results showed that three isolates of Trichoderma were comparable to fungicides in their ability to inhibit root rot pathogens. T. koningii at a concentration of 103 spores/ml performed the same level of growth inhibition with that of 0.2 ppm captafol against Rigidoporus lignosus. T. reesei at a concentration of 104 spores/ml gave same inhibition effect with that of 25 ppm benomyl against Ganoderma sp., and T. harzianum at a concentration of 105 spores/ml had the same inhibition effect against Sclerotium rolfsii with captafol at a concentration of 20 ppm. The results also showed that fungicides could affect the activities of Trichoderma on the medium. Benomyl promoted the growth of T. reesei and T. harzianum at a concentration of 0.2 ppm while at a concentration of 20 ppm both of them could not grow.
Current Topics in Molecular Plant Pathology Keiko T. Natsuaki
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8218.518 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10068

Abstract

Some current topics on molecular technology in plant pathology are reviewed. For detection and identification of plant pathogens, PCR with various modifications is applied. Study of nucleic acids sequence of pathogens gives keys for classification. For disease management, investigation of host reaction is also significant and mechanism of resistant genes is studied. In the study of plant reaction against pathogens, gene silencing is focused and compared with programmed cell death of animals. Since cost of molecular technology is still expensive, plant pathologists in Asia are expected to utilize their conventional techniques to realize ecologically sound plant protection for sustainable crop production.
Suppression of Sheath Blight of Rice with Antagonistic Bacteria Arif Wibowo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8817.347 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10073

Abstract

Eleven bacterial isolates were isolated from wet rice field in Wates, Kulon Progo. The result of antagonism test on nutrient agar (NA) showed that only two isolates (WKP-4 and WKP-6) were antagonistic to Rhizoctonia solani. Determination on these two isolates showed that they were belong to the group of fluorescent pseudomonads. In the glass house trial, only WKP-6 suppressed the relative lesion height of sheath blight of rice variety IR 50.
Insecticidal Activity of Extracts of Aglaia spp. (Meliaceae) against Cabbage Cluster Caterpillar Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Djoko Prijono; Partomuan Simanjuntak; Bambang W. Nugroho; Sudarmo Sudarmo; Shinta Puspitasari
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10069

Abstract

Insecticidal potential of eleven species of Aglaia (Meliaceae) was evaluated in the laboratory against the cabbage cluster caterpillar, Crocidolomia binotalis. The feeding treatment of second-instar larvae C. binotalis for 48 hours with ethanol twig extract of A. odorata at 0.5% caused 98.7% larval mortality; leaf and twig extracts of A. elaeagnoidea caused 17.3% and 6.7% mortality, respectively; twig extracts of A. argentea, A. formosana, and A. latifolia caused only 1.3% mortality each; whereas extracts of the other six Aglaia species were inactive (0% mortality). Further tests with A. odorata showed that twigs gave the most active extract compared to other plant parts (leaves, flowers, and roots), and air-drying of plant materials for 2 weeks markedly decreased the activity of the derived extracts. The active extracts also delayed the development of surviving larvae in similar degree to the level of their lethal effect. LC50 of ethyl acetate fraction of A. odorata twig extract and its main active compound, rocaglamide, against C. binotalis larvae were 310.2 and 31.4 ppm, respectively. This active compound was about 8.7 times less potent than azadirachtin (LC50 3.6 ppm).
Pemurnian dan Karakterisasi Enzim Endokitinase dari Agen Pengendali Hayati Trichoderma reesei Harjono Harjono; S. M. Widyastuti; S. Margino
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9594.734 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10074

Abstract

This experiment was aimed to purify and characterize the endochitinase of Trichoderma reesei. Extracellular endochitinase was produced by T. reesei strain T13, a fungal biocontrol agent in colloidal chitin medium as sole carbon source. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by gel filtration chromatography and chromatofocusing. The results showed that T. reesei produced endochitinase with molecular weight of 32 kDa and the activity was optimum at pH of 5,5 and temperature of 30 to 35oC.
Usaha Pemanfaatan Tanaman Antagonis untuk Mengendalikan Meloidogyne incognita dan Meloidogyne graminicola B. Triman; Mulyadi Mulyadi
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10070

Abstract

The objective of the research was to find the antagonist plants for controlling the important plant parasitic nematodes i.e. Meloidogyne incognita on tomato and Meloidogyne graminicola on rice. The pots were arranged in Completely Randomized Design. Seven species of antagonist plants were used: Eclipta prostrata, Indigofera hirsuta, Digitaria sanguinalis, Eichhornia crassipes, Asparagus officinalis, Tagetes spp., and Crotalaria spp. Two experiments were done i.e. the antagonist plants were planted before the main crop and the antagonist plants were applied as an organic manure. The research results showed: 1) antagonist plants i.e.: Tagetes spp., I. hirsuta., Crotalaria spp., and A. officinalis inhibited the growth and development of M. incognita on tomato; 2) application of Crotalaria spp., E. prostrata., I. hirsuta, and E. crassipes as organic manure reduced the population development of M. incognita on tomato; 3) antagonist plants i.e.: E. crassipes, D. sanguinalis, Tagetes spp., Crotalaria spp. and A. officinalis inhibited the growth and development of M. graminicola on rice; and 4) the use of Crotalaria spp., Tagetes spp. D. sanguinalis, E. crassipes, A. officinalis and E. prostrata as organic manure reduced the population development of M. graminicola on rice.
Genetic Relationship Between Colony Colour and Polyoxin Resistance in Cochliobolus heterostrophus Abdul Gafur
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9457.173 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10075

Abstract

Three reddish, polyoxin-resistant mutant strains of Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Drechsler) Drechsler (MIC > 1600 μg/ml), i.e. NA1, PRE058, and TE2, were isolated after ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis. The resistant mutants were crossed to each other and to the greeny, sensitive wild type strain to investigate genetic relationship between colony colour and polyoxin resistance traits in the fungus. Progeny analyses showed that colony colour and polyoxin resistance in the three resistant mutants were conferred by monogenic genes. No linkage was detected in the present study between the genes controlling colony colour and polyoxin resistance traits in the fungus.
Dietary Compensatory Feeding in Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) Larvae Intan Ahmad
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10071

Abstract

The aim of the experiments reported in this article is to gain further insight into the nature and control of dietary compensatory feeding: i.e., to investigate whether one or another nutrient is more important in eliciting compensatory behavior. The response of 4th-instar Manduca sexta to dilution of either protein or carbohydrate nutrient in the diet was measured. In these experiments, ratio of protein and carbohydrate selected, food consumption and utilization parameters were measured. Fourth instars were given the opportunity to self-select between two defined diets, one which differed between treatments in protein content and a complementary diet, which contained the standard amount of carbohydrate and did not vary from treatment to treatment. In response to protein dilution, the larvae compensated by consuming more of both the protein-containing and carbohydrate containing diets. In most of the cases, this compensation was sufficient to maintain normal growth, although AD, ECI, and ECD declined with the reduction of protein in the protein-containing diet. When larvae self-selected from a standard protein diet that was paired with a carbohydrate diet with one of six concentrations of sucrose, they responded by eating more from the protein-containing diet as the sucrose content of the carbohydrate diet declined. The growth and efficiency of food use was little affected over the entire range of carbohydrate diets tested.Although apparently the regulation of carbohydrate intake is not as strong as the regulation of protein intake, it seems that in response to dilution, the larvae select at each concentration a protein:carbohydrate ratio that is favorable to them.

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