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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 25409573     EISSN : 25409581     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April" : 20 Documents clear
An Update on the Habitat Suitability Model of Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de Laub. and Its Conservation Status in Bali, Indonesia Sutomo Sutomo; Muhammad Bima Atmaja; I Dewa Putu Darma; Rajif Iryadi; Aditya Hani; I Made Saka Wijaya; Made Maha Widyartha; Eddie van Etten
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.74578

Abstract

Dacrycarpus imbricatus provides essential ecosystem functions and various potential uses. Therefore, studying this distribution and conservation status in Bali Islands is crucial. The Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) and Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool (GeoCAT) were used to predict this distribution and conservation status. The results showed changes in the predicted habitat suitability in 2050. Climate change conditions will impact the preferential habitat of the current location. The analysis classifies D. imbricatus as an endangered (EN) species in Bali. The model does not consider anthropogenic factors which change the land use/land cover. Therefore, more severe conservation efforts in Bali are needed for this species. 
Genetic Variation Within Four Captive Chital (Axis axis) Populations in Indonesia Muhammad Zulfiqar Meizar Pratama; Zuliyati Rohmah; Tuty Arisuryanti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.74728

Abstract

Chital is a native animal from South Asia. Chital had been introduced to many countries, including Indonesia. Chital was first introduced to Indonesia in 1811 at Bogor Palace and since had been kept captive around Indonesia. Currently, no research had been done concerning the genetic variation of Indonesian chital. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship of chital from Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi Universitas Gadjah Mada (PIAT UGM), Prambanan Temple, Gembira Loka Zoo, and Bogor Palace, based on mitochondrial D-loop fragment. This study used a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. DNA was extracted from faecal samples and amplified with L15995 and H16498 primers. The analysis used for this research were genetic variations, haplotype networking, and phylogenetic relationships between populations. This study detected 5 haplotypes out of 20 sequences with 10 polymorphic sites and 2 indels. The haplotype diversity and the nucleotide diversity were 0.443 and 0.002 respectively, and the genetic distance was between 0 and 2.03% (average 0.55%). This research also showed one main haplotype, labelled as haplotype 1, which consisted of all individuals from PIAT and Prambanan Temple, four individuals from Bogor Palace, and one individual from Gembira Loka. This grouping proves that the majority of chital population in Indonesia came from Bogor Palace. One individual from Gembira Loka has a considerable genetic divergence from the rest of the samples, which might indicate it originated from a different source population. 
The Diversity and Uniqueness of Avifauna in Erek-Erek Geoforest at Ijen Geopark, East Java, Indonesia Arif Mohammad Siddiq; Hari Sulistiyowati; Agung Sih Kurnianto; Afina Aninnas; Samsuri Samsuri
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.75639

Abstract

Erek-Erek Geoforest (EEG) is one of the Biosites of Ijen Geopark located at the eastern slope of Mount Ijen. This location has unique topography of highland forests restricted by mountain ridges. This topography creates dense vegetation and humid ecosystem supporting microhabitats for endemic birds. This study aims to investigate the diversity and uniqueness of avifauna in EEG based on the existing value of birds. The method used is a point count at three potential station for the presence of birds. The data collected are the bird species, individual number of species, and species existence based on conservation status, distribution, and protection status. Data analysis includes the Shannon Wiener diversity index (H’), Evenness index (E), and existence factor (Ef) of bird community. The results show there are 57 species of birds belonging to 46 genera and 31 families. The diversity of birds in EEG Biosite has a high value (H'=3.40) and also a high evenness value (E=0.84). The Ef value of birds in this area is 51.35, which means the uniqueness value is a medium category. There are three bird species that have the highest Ef value, i.e Arborophila orientalis (Ef=80.00), Pycnonotus bimaculatus (Ef=73.33) and Locustella montis (Ef=73.33). The three species are endemic to Indonesia, especially A. orientalis whose distribution is limited to the highlands of East Java. Based on the composition, diversity, and uniqueness of avifauna in the EEG, it becomes valuable information for the government, Ijen Geopark Manager, and local communities to manage EEG Biosite conservatively by maintaining the existence of avifauna and their habitats. 
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activities of Curcuma purpurascens Blume, A Review Oktariani Pramiastuti; Subagus Wahyuono; Nanang Fakhrudin; Puji Astuti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.75891

Abstract

Curcuma sp. is generally used for medicine, starch sources, preservatives, dyes and cosmetics. The use of Curcuma spp. for medical has increased because there have been many studies related to its active ingredients, such as flavonoids, essential oils, tannins, quinones, and terpenoids, as well as pharmacological activities, including wound healing, antioxidants, antifungal, anticancer, gastroprotective, and hepatoprotective. Curcuma purpurascens Blume is a species of Curcuma from family Zingiberaceae and used for traditional medicine. This article focuses on reviewing the literatures on C. purpurascens and discussing its morphology, phytochemical content, and pharmacological aspects. The method used to review this article was by exploring several databases such as Scopus, Pub Med, and Google Scholar to identify and download original articles and research journals related to the morphology, phytochemical content, and biological activity of Curcuma purpurascens Blume. The result of this review will later provide information about the uses and presence of Curcuma purpurascens Blume which is still rarely studied so further study related to its pharmacological activity tests and active compound as natural medicines can be explored.
The Formula media in vitro Propagation and Conservation of Ludwigia sp. Endang Gati Lestari; Media Fitri Isma Nugraha; Rossa Yunita
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.75947

Abstract

The aquatic plant "Red Malang” (Ludwigia sp.) has a fairly high economic value as an ornamental aquatic plant, so it has the potential to be developed. The growth of in vitro cultures in culture bottles is high-speed, so it is necessary to find a formula media to inhibit growth so that the frequency of subcultures is reduced. The current research aims to produce a formula media for shoot multiplication and in vitro culture conservation. The research was carried out at the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory from April 2020 to June 2021. Research activities included plant propagation, conservation, and regeneration after conservation. Plant material was using in the form of a culture collection in the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory, treatment media for propagation were BA (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 and 0.9 mg/L) + thidiazuron (TDZ) (0 and 0.1mg/L). For conservation were MS + BA medium (0 and 0.1 mg/L) + paclobutrazol (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 mg/L) and for shoot regeneration after conservation using MS medium without Plant Growth Regulator (PGR). Data analysis using the Anova SAS version 9.0 test program. Further test using DMRT test with alpha level 5%. There was no difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment on the number of shoots and leaves. The difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment was very significant on shoot height, the number of roots, and root length. BA treatment with a concentration of 0.7 mg/L is better because it gives higher results for each observation variable. For conservation, treatment with paclobutrazol 0.5 mg/L inhibited shoot and leaf count, and 0.3 mg/L inhibited shoot formation. Cultures stored for six months grew normally after being regenerated. The highest shoots and the highest number of leaves were obtained from the treatment of paclobutrazol without BA. This study indicated that the propagation media of aquatic plants Ludwigia sp. did not require high concentrations of BA. Cultures could be stored for over six months using paclobutrazol with 0.3-0.6 mg/L. 
Forest Structure and Tree Species Diversity of the Abasumba Globally Significant Biodiversity Area, Ghana Felix Tetteh Kabutey; Daniel Wodah
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.76354

Abstract

We studied the forest structure and tree species diversity with diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) ≥ 10 cm in the Abasumba Globally Significant Biodiversity Area Ghana. Sixteen 25 m * 25 m plots were demarcated and trees with dbh ≥ 10 cm were inventoried following International Plant Nomenclature Index. The characteristic three–storey structure of tropical forests was shown, 68.7% of trees were in the lower 4.5–18 m and middle 18–30 m storeys. A majority 91.4% of 342 trees was in the dbh of 10–30 cm and a least 8.6% of 32 trees in 31–60 cm had dbh ˃ 60 cm. Total of 46 species, 38 genera and 17 families, with mean Alpha, Shannon and Simpson’s Diversity indices of 13.9, 1.44 and 0.07 and importance value index of 300.0 for 374 trees ha-1 was recorded. Plant families Sterculiaceae, Meliaceae, Leguminosae, Ulmaceae and Bombacaceae was the majority encountered while Triplochiton scleroxylon, Cola millenii, Trichilia monadelpha, Hymenostegia afzelii, Celtis mildbraedii, Ceiba pentandra and Ficus sur was the most occurring species in 54.0% of the plots accounting for 52.0% of the IVI for all trees. Blighia sapida, Bridelia grandis, Dialium guineense, Draceana arborea, Ficus sur, Holarrhena floribunda, Holoptelea grandis, Margaritaria discoidea, Rauvolfia vomitoria, Trilepisium madagascariense, Vitex ferruginea, Ximenia americana and Xylia evansii had one individual in the 10,000 m2 area indicated that they are rare and should be given conservation priority in the forest reserve. 
Alternative Strategy to Improve the Conservation of Javan Deer in Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia Fahmi Idris Firdaus; Rina Ratnasih Irwanto; Elham Sumarga
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.76498

Abstract

The habitat of Javan deer in Pangandaran Nature Reserve (PNR) faced natural changes, particularly due to the succession process of vegetation community in grazing areas, and inadequate infrastructures that affected the deer to roam outside PNR. This study aimed to formulate strategies for the conservation of Javan deer in PNR, focusing on ecological aspects and conservation management. The methods were encountering Javan deer individuals; scan sampling and continuous recording to observe the behaviour of Javan deer; calculating the productivity of grazing area by defoliation experiment and vegetation analysis; reviewing documents, reports and interviews; and analysing strategy using SWOT-QSPM. Results showed there were 43 Javan deer encountered roaming in PNR and outside the conservation area, and nine individuals gathered in Cikamal grassland. The productivity of the grazing areas (5.61 ha) was 93,826 kg of feed annually and was only sufficient for 23 individuals. The grazing areas were dominated by Cynodon dactylon. Javan deer spent their time feeding. Javan deer herd in Cikamal is more intolerant to humans compared to the herd in Pangandaran Nature Tourist Park (PNTP). This study recommends: considering the management status of Javan deer in the conservation management of PNR and PNTP; improving the conservation management of Javan deer and its habitat; improving facilities and the management system of those facilities and conservation-supporting infrastructures; collaboration with researchers to perform some research and innovations for Javan deer conservation; improving the capability of PNR staff theoretically and practically; and educating and empowering the local people in terms of Javan deer conservation. 
Diversity of Fusarium Endophytes Isolated from Wild Bananas in Pandenglang, Indonesia Nani Maryani; Siti Yulianti; Indriati Ramadhani; Rida Oktorida Khastini; Suroso Mukti Leksono
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.76897

Abstract

A group of Fusarium spp., in the Fusarium oxysporum species complex is known as pathogens on bananas, i.e., Fusarium wilt or Panama Disease. However, many Fusarium spp. are also known to be endophytes inside healthy banana plants and have been less explored and investigated. Fusarium endophytes have been demonstrated to be effective against the Fusarium pathogen that causes wilting in some crops such as tomatoes and watermelon. Thus, we explored endophytes Fusarium from local bananas in Pandenglang Banten for further use as biocontrol of Fusarium wilt. Four wild banana accessions were identified, from which 9 Fusarium isolates recovered from its pseudostems asymptomatic plants. All isolates were characterized based on their morphological characters and sequence of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene. These isolates belong to four complexes of Fusarium i.e. Fusarium equiseti species complex, Fusarium oxysporum species complex, Fusarium sambucinum species complex, and Fusarium solani species complex (currently described as Neocosmospora). Further study on molecular characterization of these isolates using specific genes and their potential antagonists of pathogens still needs to be discovered for other use as a biocontrol against Fusarium wilt.
Genetic Variation of Butternut Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) based on Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat Nabila Rizki Ananda Putri; Prima Sekti Kusnanda; Bunga Finovel Angellya; Dian Sartika; Purnomo Purnomo; Budi Setiadi Daryono
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.77228

Abstract

Butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata) is a Cucurbitaceae plant that has been widely cultivated in Indonesia. Butternut squash is known to have various cultivars. A new cultivar introduced by the Faculty of Biology UGM is named ‘Citra Laga’ which is expected to be able to compete with the imported cultivars. The number of cultivars within a species may indicate genetic variation. This research was conducted to observe genetic variation and the phenetic relationship between ‘Citra Laga’ and the imported butternut squash cultivars based on the molecular marker ISSR. The ISSR analysis between ‘Citra Laga’ and the imported cultivars showed an average low polymorphism rate by 18.61% with a high similarity percentage of 83.7%. Thus, it can be said that the genetic variation is low and ‘Citra Laga’ is not genetically much different from the imported cultivars. 
Diversity of Butterflies in Ledokombo Hillocks Jember, East Java, Indonesia Husni Mubarok; Alfina Eka Dwi Candra; Bayu Sandika; Wiwin Maisyaroh; Ellena Yusti; Agmal Qodri
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.77655

Abstract

Ledokombo hillocks are small hills located in Jember, East Java that have natural resources and face habitat alteration such as plantation and mining.  However, a study of the diversity of butterflies has not been carried out in this area. We analysed the diversity of butterflies using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) and Pielou evenness index (E).  We identified 514 individuals from 34 species and demonstrated a moderate diversity of butterflies (H'= 1.907) in this area. Our study results could be used for sustainable ecological management of plantations in Ledokombo Hillocks, Jember, East Java. 

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