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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 25409573     EISSN : 25409581     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 327 Documents
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The Effect of Accumulation of Leaf Litters and Allelochemicals in the Soil to the Sustainability of the Newly Introduced Crop Plants I Gede Ketut Adiputra
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.65227

Abstract

Indonesia is the second-largest vanilla production and the third-largest cocoa production in the world, but it sustained for a short period. The unsustainability of these crops is speculated to occur because of the change in leaf litter accumulation which affected the sustainability of soil organic carbon that plays an important role in maintaining soil health and fertility. To find out methods that could improve the sustainability of the production, a literature review was conducted. The articles, related to the sustainability of vanilla and cacao production, were collected using Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, ResearchGate, and Google Chrome browser. Keywords were employed to find the articles includingsoil organic carbon, cocoa plantation, vanilla, leaf litter, and allelochemical. This current article review foundthat introducing crop by clearing of previously existing vegetation could severely reduce the rate of leaf litter accumulation.  Consequently, in a prolonged period, the soil organic carbon and soil fertility are very low and are unable to support the healthy growth and production of the crops.  To restore production, the plantation then is returned to more traditional agroforestry such as replanting shading trees and addition of mulch. However, in the higher density of canopy, the crop production is low attributed partly to the decreasing soil pH which increases the impact of allelochemical. This review concluded that the sustainability of leaf litter accumulation is crucial to maintain soil health, but mitigation is required to reduce the impact of allelochemical accumulation. 
Essential Oils Composition of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Collection of Bogor Botanic Gardens from Central Java and East Sumba Inggit Puji Astuti; Kartika Dyah Palupi; Frisca Damayanti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66061

Abstract

The Bogor Botanical Gardens' Citrus hystrix collections from East Sumba and Central Java differ in morphology and fruit aroma compared to the common C. hystrix. Hence, this study aimed to determine the essential oils' compositions of C. hystrix originated from Central Java and East Sumba to further clarify these differences. Extraction of essential oils were done using hydro-distillation, and the chemical compositions were investigated using GC-MS. The main compound of the leaf oil from East Sumba and Central Java was Linalool and Citronellal, respectively. Meanwhile, the main constituents were almost identical for the fruit oils, namely L-β-Pinene, D-Limonene, and L-α-Terpineol. 
The Potential of Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour. from Bangli, Baturiti, Bali for Free Radicals Scavenging Arrohmatus Syafaqoh Li'aini; Farid Kuswantoro; Aninda Retno Utami Wibowo; Cokorda Istri Meyga Semarayani; Putri Kesuma Wardhani
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66111

Abstract

In addition to the studies on potential medicinal uses of Trichosanthes, a screening on phytochemical compounds and antioxidants activity of Trichosanthes tricuspidata from Bangli, Baturiti, Bali, Indonesia, was conducted on its leaves, fruits, peels, and seeds. Qualitative phytochemical tests were conducted to find out the chemical constituents of T. tricuspidata, while its antioxidant activity was tested by applying DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) method. As a result, flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, tannin, and saponin were present in all methanolic extracts of T. tricuspidata. Furthermore, the best antioxidant activity was exhibited by peel extract. After all, T. tricuspidata contains a prospective compound agent for medicinal use. 
Genetic Diversity of Elephant Foot Yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) and Two Other Relatives from the Meratus Mountains of South Kalimantan, Indonesia Dindin Hidayatul Mursyidin; Muhammad Aldy Hernanda; Badruzsaufari Badruzsaufari
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66231

Abstract

Elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) is a tuber crop with high economic value, so it is very prospective to be developed. This study aimed to characterize and determine the genetic diversity and relationship of A. paeoniifolius and two other relatives from the Meratus Mountains of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, using the rbcL marker. Eight samples of A. paeoniifolius and three other ones (outgroups), two of A. muelleri and one of A. borneensis, were used in the study. The genetic diversity was determined using the nucleotide diversity index (π), whereas the phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Neighbor-Joining (NJ) methods. The results show that this germplasm has a high diversity at an inter-species level of 0.95% and a low at intra-species (0.33%). The phylogenetic analyses revealed that Amorphophallus from this region separated into different clades, three for NJ and one for ML. In this case, A. paeoniifolius var. sylvestris from Bati-Bati, Tanah Laut is closely related to A. paeoniifolius var. hortensis from Marajai, Balangan. In conclusion, although Amorphophallus from the Meratus Mountains of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, shows a high diversity at an inter-species level, the phylogenetic analyses revealed a unique relationship. This finding is expected to be a reference in supporting efforts to conserve, cultivate, and utilize sustainable Amorphophallus, globally and locally, particularly for the Dayak Meratus community of the South Kalimantan, Indonesia. 
COI-Based DNA Barcoding of Selais Fish from Arut River, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Tomi Kasayev; Tuty Arisuryanti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66510

Abstract

Selais fish belongs to the family Siluridae consisting of 12 genera with 104 properly validated species. The human need for these fish has sharply increased due to the benefits provided, especially for consumption. However, morphologically the selais fish are slightly challenging to differentiate among other silurid fish for non-specialist experts. Thus, a DNA barcoding approach using the mitochondrial COI gene as a molecular marker in this study was applied to clarify a taxonomic position and classification species of selais fish from Arut River (Central Kalimantan, Indonesia) and was also to assembly fish COI database storage from Indonesia. In this research, the method used was a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method with a pair of universal barcoding primers, FishF2 and FishR2. Based on partial COI fragment-based DNA barcoding, the whole samples showed no sequence differences (only 1 haplotype) within the population and this confirmed that these fish only consisted of one identical species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis (NJ / ML / BI) revealed that selais fish in this study had a close genetic relationship with Ompok hypophthalmus compared to other Ompok groups. This relationship was supported by the genetic distance value not exceeding 3.6% and this evaluated the undetermined naming of the selais fish from Arut River which was previously still unclassifiable.
Genetic Diversity of Dicranopteris and Sticherus from Rokan Hulu, Riau Based on ISSR Marker Afni Atika Marpaung; Ratna Susandarini
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66552

Abstract

Genetic diversity of eleven taxa consisted of Dicranoperis speciosa, D. curanii, and D. linearis with seven varieties and Sticherus truncatus with two varieties from Rokan Hulu, Riau was analyzed using ISSR markers generated from 10 primers. Nine out of ten ISSR primers produced a high level of polymorphism, with six of them showed 100% polymorphism. The genetic similarity was calculated using Jaccard's similarity coefficient, and cluster analysis using the Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean. The result showed that the genetic similarity of the eleven taxa under study ranged from 0.377 to 0.627 indicated a moderate level of genetic diversity and the clusters did not separate Dicranopteris from Sticherus. 
Morphological Characterization and Seed Germination Study of Wild Banana Musa acuminata var. flava (Ridl.) Nasution Trimanto Trimanto; Elga Renjana; Dewi Ayu Lestari; Elok Rifqi Firdiana; Shofiyatul Mas’udah; Apriyono Rahadiantoro; Linda Wige Ningrum; Lia Hapsari
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66645

Abstract

Wild bananas provide important genetic materials for further banana improvement, therefore they need to be conserved and studied. This study aimed to describe morphological characteristics of plant and seed and also to study the seed germination of wild banana M. acuminata var. flava (Ridl.) Nasution. The morphological characteristics were observed descriptively by referring to the descriptor for banana. The internal and external morphology of the seeds were observed using a digital microscope. The germination testing was carried out by a completely randomized design, using fresh seeds extracted from a bunch of fruits with two ripeness levels i.e. fully-ripe (yellow peel) and under-ripe (green-yellow peel). The data resulted was then analyzed using an independent t-test. The results showed that M. acuminata var. flava is characterized as a perennial herb; pseudostem height ≥3 m; male bud like a top with prominent green-yellow bracts; fruit curved and tasted mild-sweet when ripe. The seed is angular with wrinkled surface, and dark brown-black color when ripe. The longitudinal section showed parts of the seeds comprising the seed coat, outer and inner integument, embryo, endosperm, chalazal mass, micropyle cap and channel. The seeds are classified as orthodox, with hypogeal type and gradual germination pattern. The seeds extracted from fully-ripe fruit germinated faster with higher germination percentage and growth variables (root number and plant height). Thus, it is suggested to use physiologically mature seeds (seeds from fully-ripe fruits) which should be separated from the seeds of under-ripe fruits to lower the heterogeneity. 
Morphological and Anatomical Variations among Alocasia alba Schott Accessions in Bali Botanic Garden Ni Putu Sri Asih; Ema Hendriyani; Eka Fatmawati Tihurua
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66823

Abstract

Alocasia alba Schott is a member of Macrorrhizos group from Aroid family that has conserved in Bali Botanic Garden. On its development, the collections showed varied morphological diversity on leaves and flowers. The aim of this study is to fill the knowledge gap in morphology and anatomy of the species A. alba and to know the phenotypic variation in this species. A total of eight A. alba accessions from Java, Bali and West Nusa Tenggara were observed in morphological and anatomical characters. The result showed that the eight accessions of A. alba have some variations in morphological and anatomical characters. These variations might be caused by genetic factors that resulted from plant adaptation to the different environments. 
Diversity, Abundance, and Traditional Uses of Asteraceae Species in Mount Bisma, Dieng Plateau, Kejajar, Wonosobo, Central Java Bima Kurniawan; Purnomo Purnomo; Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.66953

Abstract

Asteraceae is the largest and most diverse family of flowering plants which contains more than 20,000 species distributed in nearly all types of habitats all over the world. In mountainous regions such as Mount Bisma, it is estimated to have plenty and diverse member of the Asteraceae family, and used in the local community for various uses. This research aimed to understand the diversity, abundance, and uses of Asteraceae members that are found wild in Mount Bisma. Taxonomy and ecological data were gathered using an exploration method and purposive sampling method, from the point, a plot measured 3x3 m2 was created to estimate the vegetation parameters in the mountain top and mountain valley area. Ethnobotanical data were gathered in Sikunang Village, a nearby village of Mount Bisma using a semi-structured interview and open-ended questions. Data were analysed descriptively and quantitatively using several indices such as Importance Value Index (IVI), Index of Cultural Significance (ICS), and index of Use Value (UV). The result showed that there were 18 species from two subfamilies that grew wild in both mountain top and valley of Mount Bisma. The highest importance value belonged to Ageratina riparia, which was scored in the mountain top and valley 71.00 and 91.53, respectively. Uses of Asteraceae in Sikunang were varies, ranging from being a side dish, medicine, firewood, souvenir, and other uses. Galinsoga parviflora and Galinsoga quadriradiata showed the highest ICS value of 41, whereas Austroeupatorium inulifolium scored the highest in UV of 1.8. The study presented high number of Asteraceae diversity and use. Thus, implies that Mount Bisma has vast unexplored biodiversity and locals around Mount Bisma have rich traditional knowledge. 
Using Feathers for Molecular Sexing of Straw-headed Bulbul (Pycnonotus zeylanicus) Offsprings Pramana Yuda; Worawidh Wajjwalku
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.67129

Abstract

Sex determination of of straw-headed bulbul offspring was carried out from 27 offspring’s plucked feather samples in a captive breeding program. Using direct PCR, this study provided more evidences that feather samples are reliable as a source of DNA for non-invasive and effective molecular sexing. The study also revealed that the offspring sex ratio of straw-headed bulbul was slightly inclined towards males, but there was no significant difference from the value of 0.5.   

Page 14 of 33 | Total Record : 327

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