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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 20 No 2, 2009" : 15 Documents clear

Optimization of celery (Apium graveolens L.) herb extract granule production using Fluidized Bed Granulator Mohammad Djatmiko; Sri Sulihtyowati Soebagyo; Suwijiyo Pramono; Sudibyo Martono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Celery is an Indonesian herb being used as vegetable and medicinal purposes especially in hypotensive remedy. In order to produce a good quality of celery herb extract granules, a study on the influence of spray rate, level of lactose and Aerosil in fluidized bed granulator (FBG) toward homogeneity, flow rate and water content of granules was done.In the optimization process was programmed by factorial design, the maximum spray rate was 4 L/hours and the minimum was 2 L/hours, the maximum amount lactose was 100% and the minimum was 80% of extract weight, and Aerosil content maximal 20% and minimal 0% of extract weight. The optimum area of optimization result was found from superimposed contour plot granule parameters including homogeneity of apiin content, flow rate and moisture content of granules.The result showed that the Aerosil was proven to be disadvantageous in FBG process. The optimum area of optimization to obtain good granules was achieved by 2.75 L/hour to 2.00 1/hour of spray rate with the amount of lactose at 93.5% to 100% of extract weight with viscosity at 2.8 cP and density at 1.07 g/mL and without Aerosil. The granules possesed homogeneity of apiin with CV 3-5%, 0.85-1.00% of water content and 12.0-13.0 g/sec of flow rate.Key words: Celery (Apium graveolens L.), apiin, factorial design, extract, granules.

The antiviral activity of srikaya seed (Annona squamosa L.) ethanolic extract against newcastle disease virus in chicken embryo Nanik Sulistyani; Ibnatul Azizah; M. Kuswandi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Srikaya (A. squamosa L.) is a plant containing polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid and saponin compounds. These compounds could be extracted by ethanol solvent. Previous study shown that infuse of Srikaya seed had antiviral activity with value of IC50 3,236 'g/mL against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). Therefore, the aim of research is to know the potency of ethanolic extract of Srikaya seed as antiviral against Newcastle Disease Virus.The 28 chicken embryos at age of 9-11 days were classified into 7 groups, i.e. : control of virus, control of solvent ethanol : aquadest (1:10) and treatment groups were given ethanolic extract of Srikaya seed with concentration 0.1 'g/mL; 0.15 'g/mL; 0.2 'g/mL; 0.25 'g/mL; dan 0.3 'g/mL. NDV was inoculated into allantoic cavity intermediate after inoculated of extract and then incubated for 2 days. Antiviral activity were observed by hemaglutination method. The value of IC50 was calculated by probit analysis.The result showed that ethanol extract of srikaya seed (A. squamosa L.) had antiviral activity because of increasing concentration caused the higher inhibition percentage of hemaglutination. The value of IC50 is 0.152 'g/mL.Key words: Antiviral, Annona squamosa, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV).

Antibacterial activity of ten medicinal plants obtained from some selected villages in the states of Kedah and Penang, Malaysia Othman Abd Samah; Nurdiana Zainol Abidin
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The antimicrobial activities of ten plant extracts showed some degree of variation among Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Nineteen crude plant extracts were active against Gram positive bacteria as compared to only 9 against Gram negative bacteria. The most resistant bacteria was K. pneumoniae K6 which showed no sign of susceptibility towards any of the plant extracts. This might be due to the presence of ß-lactamase, which had been reported recently. S. epidermidis* showed susceptibility towards all plants except for M. citrifolia L. The highest zone of inhibition was 14.67 mm which was found in P. guajava extracts against S. epidermidis and this is closely followed by M. indica (at 13.67 mm ) against the same bacteria. Among all the plants which have been studied only M. citrifolia L. extract did not show any sign of antimicrobial activity. The result showed that means of inhibition zones between each plant extract were significantly different.Key words: Antibacterial; Gram positive; Gram negative; medicinal plants.

Quality of life measurement in cancer patients before and after chemotherapy with EORTC QLQ-C30 in RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta Perwitasari, Dyah Aryani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The research about cancer patientsâ€™ quality of life on before and after therapy of high emetogenic cytotostatic in RSUP Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta by EORTC QLQ-C30 has been done.This research used cohort design with cancer patients who just the first time received cisplatin â‰¥ 50 mg/m2 and or its combination, and also got ondansetron-dexamethasone as anti-emetics. While the patients were given EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire before got cisplatin (before chemotherapy) and 5 days after got cisplatin (after chemotherapy). The difference of the quality of the life will be analysed with paired t-test with 95 % level of significancy. The correlation between the domains before and after chemotherapy was analysed by Pearson correlation test with the 95 % level of significancy.We got 38 patients during 2 months with the cancer diagnoses of cervix, nasopharyng, ovarium and lung. Generally, the quality of life was nonsignificantly decreasing, whereas not all the domains were decreasing. The physical, emotions, cognitive and social domains were non-significantly increasing. The decline in the quality of life was more influenced by the role domain of the patients, pain, the decline in appetite and the financial difficulty. The correlation of fatigue, constipation and the financial difficulty were strong between the domain in before and the chemotherapy after was received in the symptom (r â‰ˆ 0.50).Key words : quality of life, cancer, EORTC QLQ-C30.

Isolation of bacterial pathogen Escherichia coli o157:h7 in seafood samples and detection of flich7 gene by using PCR Marlina .; Elidahanum Husni; Fitri Amalinda; Son Radu; Mitsuaki Nishibuchi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important human pathogen causing haemorrhagic colitis, haemolytic uraemic syndrom and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.In this study, P. pelagicus dan P. merguensis samples were collected from markets in Padang from Sept 2007 until Feb 2008. For isolation of the bacteria, samples were firstly enriched in mEC media, followed by plating onto CHROMAgar 0157 for E.coli O157:H7. Consequently, the suspected colonies were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using primers specific for O157:H7 to detect a fliCH7 gene. Only 15 of them confirmed as E. coli O157:H7 in PCR assay.Key words: Escherichia coli O157:H7, CHROMAgar 0157, fliCH7 gene, PCR

Utilizing of alkybenzene homologous series on the determination of kovats retention index in the RP-HPLC using methanol/water solvent system Idroes, Rinaldi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Retention times in high performance liquid chromatography are very susceptible to small changes of the stationary phase, temperature, pH-value, mobile-phase composition and flow rate. One of the methods to minimize these effects is by utilizing a retention index system. In contrast to GC, the retention Index determination method in HPLC is still widely discussed, because of difficulty utilizing n-alkane as standard. In addition, the solutes in HPLC interact with the mobile-phase, thus the retention data also depend on the mobilephase. It is not easy to use n-alkane in HPLC as standards because of considerable problems. Due to their very non polar properties, hence in most reversed phase systems, they show large retention times. Therefore, using nalkane in routine analysis could be inconvenient. In comparison with n-alkane, the alkylbenzene homologous series are stable compound and commercially available. They have a high UV absorbance at the wavelength of 254 nm, and thus are easily detected by a UV detector. This paper will introduce Kovats Retention Index Determination in the HPLC by using alkylbenzene homologous series and then is to be connected with n-alkane as a frame of reference. Steroids were used as test substance for determining Kovats retention index values in methanol/ water system.Key words: RP-HPLC, Kovats Retention Index, n-Alkane, Alkyl Benzene.

Biological evaluation of 99mTc-ethambutol for early detection of tuberculosis infection in animal model Rizky Juwita; Sugiharti .; Yana Sumpena; Maula Eka; Sriyani Nanny Kartini
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Tuberculosis (TB) is the single most infectious disease, killing millions of people globally. Conventional modalities for TB detection many times the disease is diagnosed at delayed stage and can not use for deep seated infection. Therefore, research and development of 99mTc ethambutol to detect and locate TB at an early stage in any anatomical site have been conducted in PTNBRBATAN Bandung. The result of biological evaluation of 99mTc-ethambutol which studied in rat and mice are as follow, biodistribution study showed accumulation of 99mTc-ethambutol in thigh with infected TB at 4 hours post injection via vein with ratio 2.90 target/non target. Blood clearence studies exhibited 44.96 % of 99mTc-ethambutol remain in the blood within 5 minutes of 99mTc-ethambutol administration. Renal clearance study exhibited of 79.52 % 99mTc-ethambutol excreted from the urine after 24 hours. The images were acquired with a Gamma-camera at different time intervals 1.2 3 and 4 hours showed localization of the 99mTc-ethambutol in infected TB animal model. This study showed that 99mTc-ethambutol is a promises radiopharmaceutical to detect TB infection rapidly and has accuracy with high sensitivity and specificity.Key words : radiopharmaceutical, 99mTc-ethambutol, imaging, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of gamavuton-0 in rat basophilic Leukemia cells Agung Endro Nugroho; Sardjiman .; Kazutaka Maeyama
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Gamavuton-0 (GVT-0), also named as 1,5-bis(4’-hydroxy-3’- methoxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3 one is a 1,5-diphenyl-1,4-pentadiene-3-one analog of curcumin by modifying the center site of curcumin leading to 1,4-pentadiene-3-ones to maintain the hydroxy moiety at aromatic rings which are responsible for its biological activities. Curcumin has been reported to have potent anticarcinogenic effects. Besides, curcumin was found to induce apoptosis in human Leukemia cells. In our study, we investigated the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of gamavuton-0 in rat basophilic leukemia cells. Cell viability was determined by WST-1 assay. In brief, tetrazolium salts were cleaved to formazan by cellular enzymes of viable cells, determined by colorimetric methods with a microplate (ELISA) reader at 450 nm.In the present study, we evaluated cytotoxic and proliferative effects of GVT-0 in rat basophilic leukemia cells. In the study, GVT-0 induced rat basophilic leukemia cells death in a dose dependent manner after overnight incubation. GVT-0 also impaired the content of histamine and b-hexoaminidase enzyme in cells. However, the cytotoxic effect of GVT-0 (IC50 : 43,67 mM) was less potent than this of curcumin (IC50 : 29,14 mM). GVT-0 (1 mM) also showed a significant inhibition of cell growth after 48 and 72 hr. Its fact indicates that GVT-0 could prolong the cells doubling time. These results provide useful information to guide the development of new synthetic compounds for the treatment of cancer diseases.Key words : gamavuton-0, curcumin, cancer, cytotoxic, antiproliferative,

Optimization of celery (Apium graveolens L.) herb extract granule production using Fluidized Bed Granulator Mohammad Djatmiko
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp91-98

Celery is an Indonesian herb being used as vegetable and medicinal purposes especially in hypotensive remedy. In order to produce a good quality of celery herb extract granules, a study on the influence of spray rate, level of lactose and Aerosil in fluidized bed granulator (FBG) toward homogeneity, flow rate and water content of granules was done.In the optimization process was programmed by factorial design, the maximum spray rate was 4 L/hours and the minimum was 2 L/hours, the maximum amount lactose was 100% and the minimum was 80% of extract weight, and Aerosil content maximal 20% and minimal 0% of extract weight. The optimum area of optimization result was found from superimposed contour plot granule parameters including homogeneity of apiin content, flow rate and moisture content of granules.The result showed that the Aerosil was proven to be disadvantageous in FBG process. The optimum area of optimization to obtain good granules was achieved by 2.75 L/hour to 2.00 1/hour of spray rate with the amount of lactose at 93.5% to 100% of extract weight with viscosity at 2.8 cP and density at 1.07g/mL and without Aerosil. The granules possesed homogeneity of apiin with CV 3-5%, 0.85-1.00% of water content and 12.0-13.0 g/sec of flow rate.Key words: Celery (Apium graveolens L.), apiin, factorial design, extract, granules.

The antiviral activity of srikaya seed (Annona squamosa L.) ethanolic extract against newcastle disease virus in chicken embryo Nanik Sulistyani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp62-67

Srikaya (A. squamosa L.) is a plant containing polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid and saponin compounds. These compounds could be extracted by ethanol solvent. Previous study shown that infuse of Srikaya seed had antiviral activity with value of IC50 3,236 'g/mL against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). Therefore, the aim of research is to know the potency of ethanolic extract of Srikaya seed as antiviral against Newcastle Disease Virus.The 28 chicken embryos at age of 9-11 days were classified into 7 groups, i.e. : control of virus, control of solvent ethanol : aquadest (1:10) and treatment groups were given ethanolic extract of Srikaya seed with concentration 0.1 'g/mL; 0.15 'g/mL; 0.2 'g/mL; 0.25 'g/mL; dan 0.3 'g/mL. NDV was inoculated into allantoic cavity intermediate after inoculated of extract and thenincubated for 2 days. Antiviral activity were observed by hemaglutination method. The value of IC50 was calculated by probit analysis.The result showed that ethanol extract of srikaya seed (A. squamosa L.) had antiviral activity because of increasing concentration caused the higher inhibition percentage of hemaglutination. The value of IC50 is 0.152 'g/mL.Key words: Antiviral, Annona squamosa, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV).

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