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INDONESIA
BERITA BIOLOGI
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 22 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 16, No 3 (2017)" : 22 Documents clear
KOMPOSISI DAN DOMINASI PATOTIPE Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, PENYEBAB PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA TANAMAN PADI DENGAN SISTEM PENGAIRAN BERBEDA DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG [The Composition and Domination of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Pathotype, The Cause of Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice Plants in Different irrigation System at Karawang District] Yuliani, Dini; Natasuwirya, Sudir
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3398.48 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2183

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is the major disease of rice caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), that has various pathotypes making it difficult to control. This research was aimed to determine Xoo pathotype group in irrigated paddy fields with different of planting time based on differences of irrigation system in Jatiluhur Reservoir. The research was conducted in Karawang District the wet season (WS) of 2013/2014 and dry season (DS) of 2014 through survey and sampling of infected rice leaves of BLB. Isolation of Xoo bacte-ria was done in the laboratory by using dilution methods. Xoo pathotype test was carried out by inoculating Xoo isolate on five different varieties in Indonesian Center for Rice Research’s green house, West Java. Observation of disease severity was done by measuring symp-toms of the disease that appeared at two and four weeks after inoculation. The disease severity of ?11% was classified as resistant (R), and for the disease severity of >11% was classified as susceptible (S). The results obtained a total of 602 Xoo isolates from rice plant samplings of irrigated rice fields in Karawang with irrigation systems I, II, III, and IV. At WS 2013/2014 was obtained 448 Xoo isolates consists of 29.69% of pathotype III; 40.85% of pathotype IV, and 29.46% of pathotype VIII. While, at DS 2014 was obtained 154 Xoo isolates consists of 1.95% of pathotype III, 53.25% of pathotype IV, and 44.80% of pathotype VIII. The areas with Type I of irrigation systems were domi-nated by Xoo pathotype IV in two cropping seasons. The areas with Type II of irrigation system dominated by Xoo pathotype IV in the wet season, while the dry season was dominated by Xoo pathotype VIII. The areas with Type III of irrigation system were dominated by Xoo pathotype III in the wet season, whereas during dry season was dominated by Xoo pathotype IV. The areas with Type IV of irrigation sys-tem were dominated by Xoo pathotype IV during wet season. Over all, in the dry season, Xoo pathotype IV was the dominant pathotype especially in irrigation systems Type I and IV. The dominance of Xoo pathotype can determine the resistant varieties that grown in the areas with different planting times on different irrigation systems.
PENGUJIAN FERTILITAS PATIN PASUPATI SECARA INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL MENGGUNAKAN PATIN SIAM Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) DAN PATIN JAMBAL Pangasius djambal Bleeker, 1846 Evi Tahapari; Bambang Iswanto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2588

Abstract

Pasupati is a pangasiid catfish resulted from hybridization between female striped pangasiid (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and male jambal (Pangasius djamba). Pasupati is known as a superior white-fleshy pangasiid catfish promoted for an export commodity. However, its reproductive characteristic in relation to its fertility has not been examined yet. The present study was conducted to investigate the successful of fertilization between female and male pasupati, reciprocal cross between pasupati with striped catfish, and reciprocal cross between pasupati with jambal catfish.Two to three females and males pasupati were used in the present study. All of breeders were hormonally induced for artificial. The result showed that there is no embryogenesis occurred when sperm from pasupati, striped and jambal catfish were used to fertilize eggs of pasupati catfish. On the other side, sperm enabled to fertilize eggs of striped cat fish producing low percentage of larvae with maternaly similar morphological appearances at juvenile stage. This phenomena showed that spontaneous gynogenesis occurred. In conclusion, female and male of pasupati cat fish are sterile.
SINOPSIS Begonia LIAR DI SUMATERA BARAT Deden Girmansyah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2798

Abstract

The diversity of wild Begonia in West Sumatra is not well understood, while the habitat of Begonia has continuedly decreased by human activity or natural disaster. Therefore, some species are seriously undert hreat. Examinations of Begonia spp. were carried out using herbarium specimens from Andalas University Herbarium (ANDA), Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) and some field works in West Sumatra were conducted. A total of 33 species of Begonia were collected and identified as species level and could be used for identied Begonia species from West Sumatra.
STRUKTUR STOMATA DAUN BEBERAPA TUMBUHAN KANTONG SEMAR (Nepenthes spp.) Lince Meriko
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2398

Abstract

The exploitation of pitcher plants (Nepenthes spp.) for economics interest and forest degradation make a higher extinction risk for Nepenthes globally. This research was aimed to examine anatomical structure of stomata of Nepenthes gracilis, N. reinwardtiana, N. ampullaria. The result showed that the type of stomata of N. gracilis and N. reinwardtiana has the actinocitic type while, N. ampullaria has anomocitic stomata type.
KOMPOSISI DAN DOMINASI PATOTIPE Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, PENYEBAB PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA TANAMAN PADI DENGAN SISTEM PENGAIRAN BERBEDA DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG Dini Yuliani; Sudir Natasuwirya
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2183

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is the major disease of rice caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), that has various pathotypes making it difficult to control. This research was aimed to determine Xoo pathotype group in irrigated paddy fields with different of planting time based on differences of irrigation system in Jatiluhur Reservoir. The research was conducted in Karawang District the wet season (WS) of 2013/2014 and dry season (DS) of 2014 through survey and sampling of infected rice leaves of BLB. Isolation of Xoo bacte-ria was done in the laboratory by using dilution methods. Xoo pathotype test was carried out by inoculating Xoo isolate on five different varieties in Indonesian Center for Rice Research’s green house, West Java. Observation of disease severity was done by measuring symp-toms of the disease that appeared at two and four weeks after inoculation. The disease severity of ?11% was classified as resistant (R), and for the disease severity of >11% was classified as susceptible (S). The results obtained a total of 602 Xoo isolates from rice plant samplings of irrigated rice fields in Karawang with irrigation systems I, II, III, and IV. At WS 2013/2014 was obtained 448 Xoo isolates consists of 29.69% of pathotype III; 40.85% of pathotype IV, and 29.46% of pathotype VIII. While, at DS 2014 was obtained 154 Xoo isolates consists of 1.95% of pathotype III, 53.25% of pathotype IV, and 44.80% of pathotype VIII. The areas with Type I of irrigation systems were domi-nated by Xoo pathotype IV in two cropping seasons. The areas with Type II of irrigation system dominated by Xoo pathotype IV in the wet season, while the dry season was dominated by Xoo pathotype VIII. The areas with Type III of irrigation system were dominated by Xoo pathotype III in the wet season, whereas during dry season was dominated by Xoo pathotype IV. The areas with Type IV of irrigation sys-tem were dominated by Xoo pathotype IV during wet season. Over all, in the dry season, Xoo pathotype IV was the dominant pathotype especially in irrigation systems Type I and IV. The dominance of Xoo pathotype can determine the resistant varieties that grown in the areas with different planting times on different irrigation systems.
KERAGAMAN JENIS DAN PREFERENSI EKOLOGI BEGONIA LIAR DI KAWASAN REMNANT FOREST KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS Muhammad Efendi; Nur Azizah; Ateng Supriyatna; Destri Destri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2873

Abstract

Wild species of begonia existed in remnant forest of Cibodas Botanic Gardens, but their diversity, distribution and ecological preference were not much known. Data of condition and habitat characteristic of wild begonia are important in their cultivation. The aims of this study are to inventory the diversity of wild begonias and their distribution habitat preference in remnant forest of Cibodas Botanic Gardens. Sample were collected from four remnant forest using exploration method. Analysis of vegetation where wild Begonia existed was conducted using 1x1 m plot in around every individu of Begonia found. The principle component analysis (PCA) was carried out using R program version 2.11.0. The result showed that 50% of the mountain Begonia in West Java can be found in remnat forest area. The light intencity, soil humidity and air humidity were highly correlated to distribution of wild Begonia. The microclimate conditions in remnant forest area are appropriate with habitat of Begonia.
KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI PERUBAHAN FUNGSI LAHAN, SOSIAL DAN INISIATIF KONSERVASI MASYARAKAT PULAU ENGGANO Mohammad Fathi Royyani; Vera Budi Lestari; Oscar Efendy
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2241

Abstract

This research aims to see the land use change within ethnobotanical perspective. According to observation, interview, and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) it was known that land in Enggano Island have been changed, even the sacred forest transformed, into kebun/garden and ladang/field. The changes of land use was related with demography, economic, and socio-cultural changes in society. Social change affected the species that were planted by the community. The species with a high economic value and a quick harvest and did not need extra treatment planted by local people to replace the previous plants. The other impact that arises is the exixtence of local initiative to restore areas that should functioned as a forest.
CATATAN BEBERAPA JAMUR MAKRO DARI PULAU ENGGANO: DIVERSITAS DAN POTENSINYA Dewi Susan; Atik Retnowati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2939

Abstract

A Thirty one species of macro fungi which belong to phylum Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were found from three villages in Enggano Island. Among those, nine species are new records for Sumatera, namely Phellinus gilvus, Fomitella supina, Flaviporus liebmannii, Coriolopsis polyzona, Flabellophora sp., Trichaptum byssogenum, Stecherrinum sp., Stereum cf. pergameneum dan Trametes cf. villosa, whilst other two species, namely Cookeina cremeirosea and Fomitella supina are new for Indonesia. One species, Phellinus gilvus, has been known as a harmful parasite on rubber plantation. Six are recognized as edible mushrooms, namely Pleurotus ostreatus, Volvariella volvacea, Schizophyllum commune, Auricularia auricula-judae, Lentinus sajor-caju, and Panus neostrigosus. Two species, Favolus grammocephalus and Panus neostrigosus are therapeutic agents, and two others, Earliella scabrosa and Pycnoporus sanguineus are potential species as color degradation agents.
KERAGAMAN BAKTERI PENGHASIL ENZIM PENGHIDROLISIS NITRIL DI PULAU ENGGANO BENGKULU Rini Riffiani; Nunik Sulistinah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2243

Abstract

Potential nitrile degrading microbes have been isolated from marine sponge, marine water and soil in Enggano Island. Nitrilase enzyme has a function in degrading nitrile compund. Nitrilases are important industrial enzymes because of their ability to produce biologically active to degrade enantiomers, such as S-(+)-1-(4’-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid (S-(+)-ibuprofen) and R-(-) mandelic acid. Mandelic acids, which are important as pharmaceutical intermediates, can be produced in enantiomerically pure form by the hydrolysis of their corresponding nitrile. The aim of the study was to explore the diversity of nitrile degrading bacteria in Enggano Island, and their ability to utilize nitrile as a substrate growth. Screening of such microbes were carried out by using microtitter plate method based on growth ability tested by INT (Iodonitrotetrazoliumchloride). Degradation product was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Seventy nine bacteria were able to grow on acetamide, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, adiponitrile, mandelonitrile, succinonitrile, lactonitrile, dan benzilcyanide as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Two isolates, YIM 56238 and PO69, have shown to enantioselectively hydrolyze racemic mandelonitrile to mandelic acid. Based on 16S rRNA gene identification, these bacteria have the highest sequence similarity to Microccous endophyticus strain YIM 56238 and Rhodococcus pyridinivorans strain PO69.
ANALISA GENETIK PISANG HIBRID DIPLOID BERDASARKAN MARKA RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) Diyah Martanti; Yuyu Suryasari Poerba; Herlina Herlina
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2263

Abstract

Banana breeding by crosses is one way to get new cultivars with a better quality. This study aims to verify molecular characteristic of diploid hibrid bananas i.e MDRK, SNMT and MDMT using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Ten RAPD primers have been selected to detect the differences in molecular pattern from all three diploid hybrid bananas. The results showed that the hybrid combination of MDRK, SNMT and MDMT produced bands that shared some similarities with each parents by 43.83%, 51.25% and 47.21% respectively as the number of bands from type I, III and IV markers. Type III marker is the important marker for identification of male parents. Type VII marker (non-parent bands) was detected from hybrid MDRK, SNMT and MDMT by 18 (20.22%), 6 (7.5%) and 11 (12.64%) respectively. Marker of type VII can be used to identified hybrid because they are present only in offspring. The highest polymorphic bands was obtained by SNMT (83.9%) and the lowest obtained was performed by MDMT (71.25%). From this result, RAPD markers can be used as a tool to detect the differences of molecular pattern of diploid hybrid bananas.

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