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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 30 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 4 (2009)" : 30 Documents clear

()-(2 R,3S)-DIHIDROKUERSETIN, SUATU PRODUK BIOTRANSFORMASI (-)-EPIKATEKIN OLEH JAMUR ENDOFIT Diaporthe sp. E Agusta, Andria
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp.E show a unique ability to biotransform (-)-epicatechin into (-)-(2R,3R,4R)-leucocyanidin in a semisynthetic medium. Extension of the incubation time gave a major product (-)-(2R,35)-dihydroquercetin which was identified by spectroscopic methods.

INDUKSI KERAGAMAN SOMAKLONAL DENGAN IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO KALUS PISANG RAJABULU MENGGUNAKAN ASAM FUSARAT, SERTA REGENERASI DAN AKLIMATISASI PLANTLET Lestari, Endang G; Purnamaningsih, R; Mariska, I; Hutami, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Pisang raja bulu is one of the most important bananas in Indonesia. However, this plant has low toleranee to wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. eubense. Its mass cultivation is inhibited by the absence of variety tolerant to the disease.A wide range of genetic variability will be needed if selection for novel characters is to be conducted, especially when there is no source of resistance gene available for breeding materials. This research consisted of callus induction from primary explant, induction of somaclonal variation using gamma iradiation, and in vitro selection using fusaric acid, followed by regeneration and acclimatization of selected plantlets. The media applied for callus induction was MS (Murashige and Skoog. 1962) + 2,4-D I and 3 mg/l + NAA 0 and 0.1 mg/l and 2,4-D 5 mg/l + BA 0.5 mg/l + Casein hidrolysate (CH) 500 mg/l. The applied gamma irradiation dosage were 0, 5.0. 7.5. 10 and 15 Gy. The irradiated calli was subsequently subcultures on selection media i.e.. MS containing fusaric acid at 30 and 45 mg/l. The living calli was then regenerated on media containing BA, TDZ. with or without proline and arginine. In addition. MS+ kinetin 5 mg/l + 1AA 0,2 mg/l was applied for shoot development. The result showed that the most suitable callus induction media for pisang raja bulu was MS +2.4-D 5 mg/l +BA 0.5 mg/l +CH 500 mg/l. The gamma irradiation of 10 Gy produced somaclone lines which were able to proliferate bud nodules on selection media containing fusaric acid at 30 and 45 mg/l. The media used for shoot development was MS + kinetin 5 mg/l + IAA 0,2 mg/l. Planllet obtained from the in vitro were then successfully acclimatized in the green house.

KANDUNGAN SELENIUM DALAM HERBA TERSELEKSI DARI DAERAH VULKANIS DAN AKTIVITAS GLUTATION PEROKSIDASE SERTA PENGARUHNYATERHADAPPENYUSUTAN SELMODEL Saccharomyces cerevisiae JB3505 Rahaju, Sri Hartin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

An exploration of selenium containing herbs was carried out in the Kerinci -Sumatera, Toraja highland-Sulawesi and Rinjani-Lombok. The herbs were sampled according to their morfofisiological characters and local etnopharmalogical information.The analitical parameters were the selenium and selenomethionine content as measured by AAS and GC respectively, gluthathione peroxidase as measured biochemically dan cell model shrinkage observation to reveal the selenium containing extract effect on celluler development. The result indicates the diversity of both content and functional selenium compounds in the selected herbs.The relatively high selenium content herbs such as A Ilium sativuin 1NHR had hingher gluthathione peroxidase and hence its antioxidant activity.However the relatively lower selenium content of Physalis angulata 33NHR was able to induce more cell model shrinkage. The phenomenon of relation among selenium based selenoamino acid, antioxidant and cell shrinkage potential need to be futher studied on these selected herbs.

PALMS DIVERSITY, COMPOSITION, DENSITY AND ITS UTILIZATION IN THE GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK, WEST JAVA-INDONESIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE KASEPUHAN CIPTAGELAR Wardah, Wardah; Mogea, JP
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Palms diversity, composition, and density in six selected sites of 15 rectangular plots of 100 x 20 m were successfully studied.The sites are in Kasepuhan Ciptagelar, which located in the Gunung Halimun Salak National Park in West Java.The sites are in the disturbed primary submontane forest at 800 to 1400 m altitude. Ethnobotanical observations made in some of the villages in Kasepuhan Ciptagelar proceeded through informal unending open interviews involving some traditional elders, prominent communities, and handicraftsmen. There is no species addition to the park from the Kasepuhan Cigelar. Three species of rattans(Calamus polysiachys, C. burcklanus, and Korthalsia laciniosa) are added to the park from Cibedug, Leuwijamang, Ciptarasa, and Cikidang. Young leaves of Daemonorops rubra are used for traditional Inner Baduy cloth. The use of C. javensis canes for bracelets and rings, and the infructescence of Plectocomia elongala for decoration are new findings.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK AIR DAN ETANOL Alpinia spp. TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DAN KAPASITAS FAGOSITOSIS SEL MAKROFAG YANG DIINDUKSI BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS SECARA IN-VITRO Wulansari, Dewi; Chairul, Praptiwidan
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Ellianol 70% and water exlracls of Alpinia spp. i.e. Alpinia zemmbei. A. kaisumadai. A. malaccensis and A. officinarum were examined for their impact in in-vitro phagocytosis activity and capacity of mouse (Mus musculus) peritoneum macrophage induced by Staphylococcus epidermidis.The extract concentrations used in this experiment were 0: O.I: 1.0: 10: 100: and 1000 Âµg/ml,Imboost (Echinacea pwpurea extract) 1000 Âµg/ml was used as positive control while distilled water as negative control.The assay results showed that all of the extracts were active to promote phagocytosis activity and capacity of macrophage cells.The phagocytosis acitivity and capacity were increased by increasing extract concentration, and ethanol extract showed better activity than water extract. Alpinia officinarum and A. kaisumadai extracts reveal better phagocytosis activity and capacity than others. Activity and capacity of phagocytosis of each concentration was significantly (P<0.05) different each other as well as with negative control. There is significant difference among each extracts and positive control at 1000Â Âµg/ml

ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF OCTADECA-8,10,12-TRIYNOIC ACID AGAINST HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES [Antiproliferasi Asam Oktadeka-8,10,12-triunoat Terhadap Galur Sel Kanker Manusia] Winarno, Hendig
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Antiproliferative activity test of octadeca-8,10,12-triynoic acid isolated from parasitic plant Scurrula airopurpurea (Bl.) Dans,against four kinds of human cancer cell lines, i.e: HeLa (human cervix epitheloid carcinoma),leukemia THP1,(human peripheral blood acute monocyte).carcinoma A549 (human lung carcinoma) and lymphoma HUT78 (human cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)was carried out.The results showed that octadeca-8.10,12-triynoic acid exhibits the antiproliterative activity against four kinds of human cancer cell lines with the 1C5I, value of 0.66. 0.86, 0.99 and 2.36 mg/nil for HeLa.leukemia THP1, lung carcinoma A549,and lymphoma HUT78,respectively, lower than 4 mg/ml. which is the antiproliferative activity threshold for pure isolate or compound.

PENGARUH PENINGKATAN KONSENTRASI AMONIUM TERHADAP PERKEMB ANGAN Meloidogynejavanica PADA KULTUR AKAR TOMAT Sudirman, Sudirman
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Research was aimed at knowing the effect of increasing ammonium concentrations on Meloidogyne javanica development in tomato roots growing in axenic culture.Egg masses of M. javanica were exposed to deficient ammonium concentration (1.5 ppm NH/) in a nutrient agar medium upon which tomato roots were growing. One week after inoculation, stages of nematode development were recorded and infected tomato roots were aseptically transferred into nutrient agar media with four different ammonium concentrations (1.5. 9.0. 54 and 324 ppm NH/). Stages of nematode development inside roots were then observed at weekly interval for three weeks. Results of the research showed that increasing ammonium concentration after root infection suppressed nematode development. In roots transferred to high ammonium concentrations, fewer nematodes matured and most of those that did were males. In addition, there were also fewer galls and lower root dry weights in increased ammonium than those with constant low ammonium concentration.

EKSTRAK DAUN MINDI (Melia azedarach) SEBAGAI BIOINSEKTISIDA UNTUK PENGENDALIAN INFEKSI Chrysomya bezziana PADADOMBA Sani, Yulvian
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Parasitic dermatitis may cause economic loss for livestock industry if it is not approriately controlled. Among the preventive measures available presently, the use of plant-derived insecticides is regarding as an alternative approach to control the disease since it is environmental and animal health safe. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mindi (Melia azedarach Linn.) extract leaves for controling Chrysomya bezziana in vitro and in vivo.The study showed that the methanolic extract of M.azedarach leaves affected various stages of C. bezziana larvae.A topical application of 0.25% methanol extract in vaseline mixture killed and inhibited the growth of larvae and reduced weight gain of both LI and LI larvae.The average mortality rate in a treated group (26%) was higher than a control group (19.2%).Greater reduction of average weight gain was also seen in the treated group (0.2719 gr.) compared to the control group (0.4761 gr). The larvae apparently had smaller size and wrinkled shape of anatomical structure seeming that they were inappropriately grown. While the average mortality rate of L2 was found higher in the treated group (46.8%) than the control group (22.4%). The leaf-methanol extract had greater effect to L2 than LI as seen higher mortality rate in L2 (46.8%) than the LI (26%). In conclusion that the higher dose rate of methanol extract applied will lead to high mortality of the larvae. The low mortality rate may be due to low concentration (0.25%) of leaf extract applied and short period of time for bioassay.These findings seem very promising, suggesting that may possible to increase larvicidal effects by increasing the concentration and time of assessment.

PERSEBARAN DAN POLA KEPADATAN MOLUSKA DIHUTAN BAKAU Budiman, Arie
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Mangrove molluscs data collected from some mangrove forest in Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Mollucas, and Papua) are used in order to understand the mangrove molluscs distribution and pattern of species abundance. The results of the present study strongly suggest three models (or combination of them) of distribution, i.e. (1) molluscs (especially bivalve) only recruit into certain microhabitat, in wich they reach larger densities; (2) certain species of mollusc may recruit widely, but suffer increase mortality in certain microhabitats; and (3) molluscs(especialy for mobile animals, such as many gastropods) may actively move among macrohabitats, increasing local densities in some of those.The correlation between features of habitat and abundance of molluscs which can be described as preference are discussed.

KEANEKARGAMAN FLORA ANGGREK (ORCHIDACEAE) DICAGAR ALAM GUNUNG SIMPANG, JAWA BARAT Sulistiarini, Diah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Species diversity of orchids in The Gunung Simpang Nature Reserve. Cianjur. West Java was investigated, where thirty three species of orchids are recorded. Two species (Ceraiosiylis capiialu Z. & M. and Trichogloitis ngida Bl.) are regarded as endemic. Three species are new records to Java namely Appendicula babiensis J.J.Sm., A. aberrans Schltr. and Bulbophyllum appressicaule Ridl.

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