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E-Journal Of Cultural Studies
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23382449     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Cultural studies constitutes an interdisciplinary area critically discussing socio-political contexts of various cultural practices in society. Its focus is on the relation among such cultural practices and the power controlling them. Cultural studies was pioneered by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) of the University of Birmingham, England, in 1960s. Unlike what has been a tradition in the modern epistemology, cultural studies is concerned with what human emancipation aims at. Therefore, cultural studies does not only refer to a theoretical-conceptual matter but also to the location and critical action in which it manifests itself.
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Articles 6 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011" : 6 Documents clear
COMODIFICATION OF NGABEN GOTONG ROYONG (MUTUALLY PERFORMED CREMATION CEREMONY) AT GERYA TAMAN SARI LINGGA BANYUASRI SUBDISTRICT, BULELENG REGENCY Nyoman Kebayantini, Ni Luh; Ardika, I Wayan; Semadi Astra, I Gde; Mariyah, Emiliana
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Cremation ceremony is a ritual performed by Bali-Hindu followers when someone dies. Itis classified as a big ceremony for the reason that it costs much money, labor and time. Ascommunity members, the Bali Hindu followers are faced with so many problems that manycannot perform cremation ceremony conventionally. As a response to this condition, thesulinggih (priest) residing at Gerya Tamansari Lingga (Griya = a particular residence where thepriest resides) has planned to produce the mutually-performed cremation ceremony. Basically, itis a practice of comodified cremation ceremony which is offered to be cheap, practical and to beeasily performed.It is produced to obtain a profit. Therefore, every material and manpower involved arecommodities which have exchange values. As far as its production process is concerned, theconsumers and the object are made not to be related. The habitus, that is, the belief of Bali-Hindufollowers that a cremation ceremony should be performed when someone dies, the cultural andsymbolic capitals in the forms of knowledge, status, and authority and the legitimacy of thepriest residing at Gerya Taman Sari Lingga, and the domain that they are not able to perform theconventional ceremony have led to the performance of the mutually-performed cremationceremony. It has various meanings such as the meaning of intensification of religious values, themeaning of tradition degradation, the meaning of egalitarian, the meaning of efficiency, themeaning of welfare, the aesthetic meaning and the meaning of image.
RELIGIOUS TRANSFORMATION OF SENI DODOD TAKING PLACE AT MEKAR WANGI VILLAGE SOUTH BANTEN Kasmahidayat, Yuliawan; Dibia, I Wayan; Alwasilah, A. Chaedar; Suastika, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Religious transformation of Seni Dodod taking place at Mekar Wangi Village, SaketiDistrict, Pandeglang Regency, South Banten, Banten Province enriches the analysis of thecommunity cultural pattern based on the art characteristics born and developing in thecommunity. In relation to that, this study describes the cultural phenomenon of religioustransformation as the ideological basis of the pre-modern, modern and postmodern communities.Multidisciplinary qualitative method was employed in this study and the data needed werecollected by in-depth interview, participatory observation and documentation techniques. Thefindings show that the Seni Dodod has the belief or the religion adhered to by the people living atMekar Wangi Village as its religious background. Such a belief affects the relation patternbetween the individuals and their community, nature and God. This is used as the reference inwhat is done in the agricultural process, making Seni Dodod a cult and realizatrion. When thecultural transformation process was taking place, it was found that there was a point of contactbetween traditional arts and modern arts outside the domain of Seni Dodod . Nowadays newcompositions of Seni Dodod have been created functioning as instruments of wedding andkhitanan rituals (khitanan = a feast celebrating a circumcision). The process of acculturation wasformally performed at school by using its compositions as the learning material of art andculture. Its application in its original form and composition was informally inherited throughSeni Dodod studios, the youth and villagers. Its religious meaningfulness was reflected from thecountry life performed by the people living at Mekar Wangi village. Such meaningfulness wasbased on that given by the leaders of pondok pesantren (Muslem boarding school) and on theexplanation clarifying, showing, separating and elaborating seven clauses of Al-Qur’an. Themeaningfulness provided resulted in intactness of movements, the costumes worn, the poem oflutung kasarung , the magic formula or the prayers used. In addition, it was also referred to asMuslim art and culture. It seems that nowadays a shift has taken place as far as its function isconcerned. It used to be employed as a means of agricultural ritual but now it has been animportant part of wedding and khitanan rituals; however, it has not been employed as a secularart
TRANSFORMATION OF MODERN AGRICULTURE INTO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AT SUBAK WANGAYA BETAN, PENEBEL DISTRICT, TABANAN REGENCY, BALI PROVINCE Dewi Yuliana, Euis; Ardika, I Wayan; Semadi Astra, I Gde; Antara, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This dissertation discusses the transformation of modern agriculture into organicagriculture at Subak Wangaya Betan, Penebel District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province.This study is conducted in the perspective of Cultural Studies and the problem is that thedark side of modern agriculture is getting visible. The chemical substances used inagriculture have turned out to result in many problems such as the damage of landquality, the continuous decrease in plant productivity and environment, themarginalization of farmers. Therefore, many farmers have been aware and havetransformed into ecologically organic agriculture as what has taken place at SubakWangaya Betan. The farmers have transformed from modern agriculture into organicagriculture. However, the process of the transformation has left many problems;therefore, a deep study is necessarily conducted to answer various existing questions.The problems in this study are formulated in three basic questions such asfollows. First, how has the process of the transformation from modern agriculture intoorganic agriculture taken place at Subak Wangaya Betan? Second, why has thetransformation from modern agriculture into organic agriculture taken place? Third, whatare the implications and meanings of the transformation from modern agriculture intoorganic agriculture at Subak Wangaya Betan? In general, this study aims at identifyingand comprehending more clearly the transformation from modern agriculture into organicagriculture taking place at Betan Wangaya Subak.This research was conducted using qualitative method with multidisciplinaryapproach in accordance with the paradigm of cultural studies. In the first stage, primaryand secondary data were collected. In the second stage, theories were selected foranalyzing the data. Several critical theories such as the theory of Discourse of Power andKnowledge, the theory of Hegemony and the theory of Deconstruction, which are eclecticin nature, were decided to select for analyzing the data. In this third stage, the selecteddata were analyzed and interpreted. In the fourth stage, the results were constructed andreported.Based on the analysis conducted, three findings could be reported. First,agricultural transformation has taken place at Subak Wangaya Betan, from agrochemicalbasedmodern agriculture in which inorganic, chemical pesticide and hybrid varieties areused into organic agriculture in which no chemical substances are used. The agriculturaltransformation has not been suddenly conducted; it has been a planned process, has beenconducted through a highly systematic mechanism with many stages and has consumed alot of time and needed in-depth studies. Second, many factors have led to the agriculturaltransformation taking place at Subak Wangaya Betan. They are external factors such aspolitical, economic, social, cultural and ecological aspects and internal factors such as thenegative side of green revolution implementation, natural resources, cooperative farmers,and adherent farmers. They are all equally strong and synergize in encouraging andaccelerating the agricultural transformation. Third, it turns out that the agriculturaltransformation taking place at Subak Wangaya Betan has several implications andmeanings. The implications are that the ideology adhered to by the farmers has changed,the establishment of new institutions, an increase in the farmers’ income, improved ricefield ecosystem and environment. The meanings of organic agriculture are spiritualmeaning, empowerment meaning and welfare meaning.
MANAGEMENT OF EMPOWERMENT OF SIDEWALK TRADERS IN WEST DENPASAR SUB DISTRICT DENPASAR CITY: IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES Wana Pariartha, I Wayan; Suastika, I Made; Mariyah, Emiliana; Sudibia, I Ketut
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Sidewalk traders, as informal economic sector, have been in existence in almost allthe cities in Indonesia. As an impact of migration of people, they have been recognized as astructural phenomenon which will always exist. They will always exist in Denpasar City. InWest Denpasar Sub District, as part of Denpasar City, their existence has been assumed notonly to cause the city to look disorganized but it has also been assumed to create discomfortand to disturb public order. However, as Indonesian citizens, they have the right to haveoccupation and live properly as stated in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution. Theempowerment management of the sidewalk traders in West Denpasar Sub District refers tothe Local Rules and Regulations (Perda) of number 3 of Year 2000. However, the fact inthe field shows that what has been expected has not been properly coming true yet.Based on this fact, a research was conducted with the problems formulated asfollows: 1) how the government managed the empowerment of the sidewalk traders; 2)what responses were given by the community to the model of such a management ofempowerment; 3) and what were its effects and meanings. As a consequence, this researchaims at 1) identifying the management of empowerment of the sidewalk traders; 2)identifying the responses given by the community to the model of such a management ofempowerment; 3) identifying its effects and meanings. From the aspect of methodology,this research is classified as a qualitative one. The theory of deconstruction, the theory ofhegemony, the theory of response, the theory of motivation and achievement wereemployed for exploring the problems formulated above. The techniques employed forcollecting the data needed were the technique of observation, the technique of interview,the technique of observation and focus discussion group.The findings show that the Local Rules and Regulations (Perda) of Number 3 of2000, which is derived from the Local Rules and Regulations (Perda) of Number 15 ofYear 1993, which is used as the reference of how such a management of empowerment isconducted, does not accommodate the problems related to the sidewalk traders. In fact, ithas been implemented by the government in the following three ways; (1) through the subdistrict governmental agencies; (2) through direct supervision of the municipal, sub district,administrative village and neighborhood governmental agencies; (3) through traditionalvillages (desa pekraman/adat).The responses given by the community varied. The responses given by thecommunity of consumers were negative resulting from lack of socialization. The responsesgiven by the sidewalk traders were negative as well. However, socially, economically and
gustimadengurah@yahoo.co.id Ngurah, I Gusti Made; Semadi Astra, I Gde; Suastika, I Made; Parimartha, I Gde
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

The dialogue of inter religious community members in the multiculturalcommunity of Denpasar has been beneficial to the organization of collective life. Inrelation to that, this study describes the phenomenon of cultural dialogues as an attemptto realize the idea of multiculturalism and to establish harmonious atmosphere in whichdifferences are mutually accepted and appreciated. Field qualitative method is employedin this study and the data needed were collected by the technique of observation, thetechnique of in-depth interview and documentary study. The results of the study showthat the idea of the dialogue has been based on heterogeneity, frequent conflicts andenthusiasm in establishing harmony. The policies which are referred to by the dialogueare regulated in various regulations issued by several ministers, the governor and themajor. Such policies serve as the legal umbrella of the dialogue, while the dialogicprograms are determined by the government and the Communicative Forum of InterReligious Community Members (Forum Komunikasi Antar-Umat Beragama, hereonabbreviated to FKUB). The operating techniques of how the dialogue is conducted areorganized by this forum. The dialogic fluency is motivated by the supporting factorswhich are hoped to bring much success. However, there are also some obstructions whichmay lead to failures. Attempts are made to develop it into a successful one and toavoid/eliminate its negative effects. In addition, the dialogue is also philosophically,dialectally and dynamically meaningful. Generally, the understanding of suchmeaningfulness can improve the quality of the multicultural life in Denpasar City. Itseems that the formal dialogue of inter religious community members has only beenintensively conducted by the religious leaders and the leaders of the related institutions. Ithas not been averagely conducted in the grass root level yet.
LOCAL GENIUS AS SOCIO-CULTURAL CAPITAL FOR EMPOWERING THE BAJO ETHNIC PEOPLE RESIDING AT THE COASTAL AREA OF BUNGIN PERMAI VILLAGE, SOUTH EAST SULAWESI Ali Basri, La Ode; Parimartha, I Gde; Ardika, I Wayan; Meko Mbete, Aron
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

In this dissertation the local genius as socio-cultural capital for empowering theBajo ethnic people residing at the costal area of Bungin Permai Village, TinanggeaDistrict, South Konawe Regency, South Sulawesi Province is discussed. The Bajo ethnicpeople have a set of local genius within their socio-cultural system which is reflected intheir belief, tradition and custom and is used as the reference for conceiving andexplaining the objective and essence of life and the world. However, such local geniushas not functioned optimally yet as they are still marginalized.This research is focused on (1) what forms of local genius serve as the sociocultural capital for empowering the Bajo ethnic group residing at the coastal area?; (2)how the local genius is developed to empower the Bajo ethnic people residing at thecoastal area?; and (3) what factors which may support and obstruct the local genius usedas the socio cultural capital for empowering the Bajo ethnic people residing at the coastalarea? Qualitative method is employed in this study with the approach of cultural studies.The theories used are the post colonial theory, structural theory, generative theory,hegemony theory and semiotic theory. The techniques used for collecting the data neededare participative observation, in-depth interview, library research, and focus groupdiscussion. The data obtained are analytically and descriptively processed and arepresented in the forms of narration, tables and visual illustration.The results of the study show that the Bajo ethnic people residing at BunginPermai Village have a set of local genius which may be potentially used as the sociocultural capital for empowering their community such as (1) indigenous skills andknowledge; (2) working culture; and (3) local organizations. The development of theindigenous skills and knowledge (pengetahuan dan ketrampilan asli; hereon abbreviatedto PKA) and the revitalization of their local organizations may be used as the sociocultural capital for empowering their community. The factors supporting the local geniusused as the socio cultural capital to support the empowerment of the Bajo ethnic peopleresiding at the coastal area are (1) availability of marine resources around the area where they live; (2) the existence of their local organizations; (3) being supporting by thecommunity and the government. The factors obstructing the local genius used as thesocio cultural capital to support the empowerment of the Bajo ethnic people residing atthe coastal area are (1) capitalistic economic transformation taking place within theircommunity; (2) collision against the mainland community with regard to cultural values;(3) low quality human resources; (4) negative image of the Bajo community. Themeanings of the local genius as the socio cultural capital for empowering the communityare (1) cultural preservation; (2) community empowerment and independence.

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