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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 20854773     EISSN : 23022906     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science (IJBS), Print-ISSN 2085-4773; E-ISSN 2302-2906 is an international and peer-reviewed journal published twice per year in print and online by Indonesian of Biomedical Association in collaboration to Postgraduate School of Biomedicine Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia which was founded in 2007. The Journal aims to bridge and integrate the intellectual, methodological, and substantive diversity of biomedical scholarship, and to encourage a vigorous dialogue between biomedical scholars and researches. The Journal welcomes contributions which promote the exchange of ideas and rational discourse between practicing educators and biomedical researchers all over the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010" : 6 Documents clear
SEXUAL ABSTINENCE AND IMMOBILISATION STRESS DECREASED NITRATE + NITRITE CONCENTRATION AND INCREASED NECROTIC OF PENILE CORPUS CAVERNOSUM SMOOTH MUSCLE AND ENDOTHELIAL CELLS OF ADULT MALE MICE Karmaya, I.N. Mangku; I. Pangkahila, Wimpie; Pangkahila, J. Alex
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Sexual intercourse in adult people is not only related to reproduction,recreation and better relation but also for maintaining good health. Regular andfrequent sexual intercourse has protective role for cardiovascular disease, malignancyand often related with longevity. On the contrary less frequent sexual intercourse isoften correlated to early death and reproductive organ disorders. One main factorwhich involve in any process related to sexual intercourse is nitric oxide. Thisresearch aims to know the declination of total nitrate and nitrite concentration as themain oxidation product of nitric oxide and necrosis of the endothelial and smoothmuscles of corpus cavernosum after three month sexual intercourse abstinence andstress immobilization.By randomized pretest-posttest control group design, the research wasconducted in adult male mice (Mus musculus) which were divided into four groups.each consisted of seven mice. One group as a control and the other three wereexposed to sexual abstinence, immobilization stress and the combination of sexualabstinence and immobilization stress in three months period. The investigation wascarried out to the penile total nitrate and nitrite concentration and the histologicalchanges of the middle part of the penile shaft. To know the degree of lesion then thecalculation of the histologic features was done in five view fields of every preparat.The result was compared to control group.In this research, the mean of total nitrate and nitrite decline and the lowest wasfound in the combine intervention groups with significance level p < 0,005. Thecorpus cavernosum in the intervention groups showed multifocal necrosis onendothelial and smooth muscle cells of corpus cavernosum with picnotic nuclei,irregular form and dark colour. Some muscle cells are lysis. These features werefound in three among seven samples in sexual abstinence group, two among sevensamples in immobilization stress group and in all samples of combined interventiongroup.Conclusions can be drawn from this research are that the sexual abstinence,immobilization stress and the combine interventions decline the nitrate and nitriteconcentrations and induce endothelial and smooth muscle cells necrosis of the copuscavernosum.
LOW PLASMA CORTISOL LEVEL IS A RISK FACTOR FOR ADULT ATOPIC DERMATITIS AND NEGATIVELY CORRELATED TO PLASMA LEVELS OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND INTERLEUKIN-4 Wardhana, Made; Suata, Ketut; Suastika, Ketut
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a skin inflammatory disease characterized by hyperactivity of the humoral immune system with a typical onset in infancy or early childhood. Many studies have focused on the patho-physiological role of the immune system in atopic dermatitis, but since the stress hormone receptor was recognized on the surface of immune cells, it appeared that cortisol was prominent stress hormones in regulating the immune system. Some studies have shown that individuals with atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma had lower concentration of saliva cortisol than those with non-atopic conditions. With this evidence, it can be assumed that lower concentration of cortisol as the result of hypo-response of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal to stressor can increase and interleukin (IL-4) concentrations. Both substances stimulate lymphocyte T helper 2 (Th2) cells to synthesize IL-4, which has an important role in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis to increase hypersensitivity to various environmental allergens. Until recently, few studies are available concerning the low concentration of plasma cortisol as a risk factor for atopic dermatitis, as well as its correlation with plasma levels of and IL-4. The purpose of this study was to show that low concentration of plasma cortisol is a risk factor for atopic dermatitis and it is negatively correlated with and plasma IL-4. Matched pair case control design, involving 36 cases and 36 controls, was used to show that low concentration of cortisol is a risk factor for atopic dermatitis, and cross sectional design was applied to find out the negative correlation between cortisol and IL-4 in 88 samples consisting of 52 patients with atopic dermatitis and 36 healthy person or persons without atopy. The result of the case-control study showed that plasma cortisol concentration of the case group was significantly lower (4.89 + 2.1 ug/dl; CI 95 %; p < 0.001) than in those of the control group (9.12 + 2.33 ug/dl) at confidence level of 95%; p < 0.001. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed odd ratio of cortisol 3.45, which was higher than the ratio of other parameters such as IL-4, history of atopy and skin moisture. Plasma and IL-4 concentrations of the patients with atopic dermatitis were significantly higher than in the subjects without atopy. The correlation test indicated that plasma cortisol was negatively correlated to norepinephrine (r = - 0.68; p < 0.05), and IL-4 (r = - 0.55; p = 0.05) levels in patients with atopic dermatitis. Based on the above findings, it can be deduced that low concentration of plasma cortisol, being correlated to increased plasma levels of norepinephrne and interleukin-4, is a risk factor for atopic dermatitis in adult
Ergonomic Intervention on the Stamping Process of Part Body Component Improved Work Quality and Satisfaction and Time Efficiency at the Stamping Plant Division of PT ADM Jakarta Isna Oesman, Titin; Manuaba, A.; Adiputra, N.; Sutjana, D.P.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Part body component of a car is the finished product component that is mainlyproduced by the big press machine. In the production process of part body component of acar in the stamping plant division, the manual task is performed by two operators to feedingthe material sheet into the big press machine simultaneously. After the knobs were pressedtogether, the big press machine started to stamp the material sheet and the outcoming productis taken by the next operator. This task is performed repeatedly until it is the last one.Manual and comprehensive task that combined with speed in operating the big press machinecause who muscular tension which at the end could cause muscular complaints and prematurefatigue, that could decrease production and productivity.The current study of ergonomic intervention on stamping process of part bodycomponent of car was conducted in order to determine whether ergonomic intervention couldimprove the work quality, satisfaction and time efficiency in the stamping process.The subjects of study were 10 persons that were taken randomly. It was designedexperimentally with treatment by subject design. The method of data collection was byquestionnaire distribution and direct measurement of subject’s condition, time of stampingprocess and work environment before and after intervention. The Shapiro Wilk test showedthat all of the data had normal distribution and was followed by t-paired for data of workquality, work satisfaction, time efficiency, and the environment data. The significance level isset at 5%.The research result showed that work quality was improved (muscular complaints wasdecreased by 6,65%, fatigue was decreased by 5,47% and work boredom was decreased by5,87%), work satisfaction was improved up to 6,43%, time efficiency of stamping processwas improved up to 10,7%, the production was improved up to 2,59% and productivity wasimproved up to 32,65% as well as company’s profit was increased up to 3,95%.Hence, the study concludes that ergonomic intervention in the production process ofpart body component of car in the stamping plant division could improve work quality, worksatisfaction and time efficiency.
THE ROLE OF INTENSIVE INSULIN THERAPY ON SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD), TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-? (TNF-?), AND INTERLEUKIN-6 (IL-6) ON HYPERGLYCEMIA IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS Wiryana, Made; Suastika, Ketut; Bagianto, Hari; Bakta, Made
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are common in critically ill patientsin the ICU, although they have not previously had diabetes. It has been reportedthat pronounced hyperglycemia may lead to complications in such patients, andcause the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, although controlled trial dataare still lacking. The current debatable issue, focusing on whether the intensiveinsulin therapy, aimed at normalizing blood glucose, may improvepatients’prognosis. Then, the debate is mainly about the time to start the therapy,and target of blood glucose level. Therefore, this research is mainly designed andaimed at knowing the difference between intensive insulin therapy andconventional insulin therapy on the increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD),decrease of cytokine production (TNF-? and IL-6), increase of albumin level, andevent of SIRSThis study was carried out in a randomly pre and post-test control groupdesign, involving 40 adult patients being nursed through the ICU Sanglah hospitalDenpasar. They were randomly assigned to receive intensive insulin therapy, inwhich blood glucose was decreased and maintained at the level between 80-110mg/dl, or conventional insulin therapy in which the insulin was infused only if theblood glucose level exceeded 215 mg/dl, decreased and maintained then at thelevel between 180-200 mg/dl.The result of the study showed that there was (1) significant increase ofSOD mean level (370. 70 vs 98.50 U/gHb, p=0.001); (2) no significant decreaseof TNF-? mean level; (3) significant decrease of IL-6 mean level (10.26 vs 2.25;p=0.023); (4) significant increase of albumin mean level ( 0.62 vs 0.22); (5)significant decrease of SIRS (10 % vs 40 %, p=0.000) on intensive insulin therapygroup compared to conventional insulin therapy group. It can be concluded thatintensive insulin therapy could maintain blood glucose level between 80 – 110mg/dl, increase SOD level, decrease IL-6 level, increase albumin level, anddecrease SIRS on hyperglycemia in critically ill ICU patients.
INHIBITION OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM sp ISOLATED FROM INFANTS FECES TOWARDS ADHESION OF SALMONELLA TYPHI ON BALB/c MICE ENTEROCYTE Sukrama, I D. M.; Sukardika, K.; -, Sumarno; Mantik Astawa, N.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Diarrhea, up to the recent year remains a cause of high morbidity and mortalityworldwide, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Research concerning ofmanagement, prevention, and medication of the disease have been continually improved. Theaim of this research is searching Bifidobacterium sp isolated from infants feces. ThisBifidobacterium was then applied as an anti-adhesion of Salmonella typhi in the hope to gain acure of diarrhea. This research employed two research designs, namely descriptive explorationand true experimental. Exploration was applied in order to obtain isolation and characterizationof Bifidobacterium isolated from infants feces. Adherence ability of this Bifidobacterium sptowards Salmonella typhi adhesion on mice entherocyte was then carried out by applyingRandomized Posttest-Only Control Group Design. In this research, average Bifidobacterium spadhesion index of 1950 on entherocyte was obtained. In simple word, there are 19.5Bifidobacteria adhere to any single entherocyte cell. This adhesion index value is highercompare to Salmonella typhi adhesion of 1504. Conclusions that can be drawn from this researchare the finding of Bifidobacterium sp isolated from infants feces. This Bifidobacterium sp has anability to inhibit adhesion of Salmonella typhi on BALB/c mice enterocyte. Future work that canbe carried out are further researches concerning whether these bacteria have an ability to inhibitadherence of other pathogen bacteria. More over, searching of cell wall adhesin ofBifidobacterium sp that can be used as a replacement of life probiotic bacteria is also a greatinterest of research to be carried out.
INTERLEUKIN -2 ( IL-2 ) AND GAMMA INTERFERON ( IFN ? ) OF LYMPHOCYTE CULTURE SUPERNATANT IN IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA PATIENTS WITH INFECTION Suega, Ketut; Bakta, I M; Sudewa D., AAG; Suata, Ketut
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abstract

Iron is an essential nutrient for every living cells because of it role as molecule fortransport of oxygen, as well as DNA synthesis through synthesis of ribonucleotidereductase. Iron deficiency anemia patients, especially pregnant women and children aremore susceptible to infection because of deterioration of their immune response. This wassupported by findings of decreased in phagocytic activities of white blood cells and Tcelllymphocyte proliferation impairment. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients alsoaffect working capacities hence diminishing working outcomes. Although the underlyingmechanism of immune defect in iron deficiency anemia is not clearly understood,multifactor events considered play their contributing roles such as abnormality ofribonucleotide reductase enzym, impairment of T-cell proliferation and activities, alteredcytokine production of IL-2 and IFN?.The study was done to asses the relationship of IL-2 and gamma IFN withinfection in IDA patients on lymphocyte culture supernatant of IDA patients. Study wasconducted on cross-sectional analytic design. Sixty-four iron deficiency anemia patientstreated in Sanglah General Teaching Hospital were recruited, and 31 (48.4%) out of 64IDA patients were man and 33 (51.6%) women, have been selected for the study. Thisstudy found 17 (26.7%) IDA patients with infection, aged 38 ± 14.48 years and 47(73.3%) IDA patients without infection, with age average of 40.5 ± 14.4 years. Allvariables of data characteristics examined did not indicate any statistical significantdifference between group of IDA patients with infection and those without infection. Theaverage level of hemoglobin between the two groups did not differ statistically. Similarresult was obtained if samples were differentiated into severe (Hb< 7g/dl) and mildanemia. The study also revealed that there were no differences of cytokine level observedbetween older and younger age (upper and below 44.5 years) in IDA patients withinfection and without infection. Furthermore, no differences of cytokine level were foundbased on gender between IDA male 10.9 (8.60 – 12,65) (pg/l) patients and IDA femalepatients 10.6 (7.50 – 13.43) (pg/l) with Z -0.490, p =0.624. Nevertheless, significantdifferences were noted between supernatant of IL-2 and IFN? in IDA patients withinfection when compared to IDA patients without infection (Z= - 2.509, p= 0.012 forsupernatant IL-2; and Z= -2.569, p= 0.010 for supernatant IFN?).The study conclusion is that level of IL-2 and IFN? from lymphocyte culturesupernatant of patient suffered from IDA with infection is significantly lower whencompared to IDA patient without infection. It therefore summarized that lower level ofIL-2 and gamma IFN in patients suffered from iron deficiency impaired their immune response to certain infections therefore this findings support the theory that IDA patientsmore susceptible to get infected.

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