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All Journal Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Analit: Analytical And Environmental Chemistry
Candra Saka Nusantari
Universitas Malahayati
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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EFEK PENAMBAHAN BUBUK DAUN KENIKIR (COSMOS CAUDATUS KUNTH) TERHADAP KADAR PROTEIN MINUMAN FUNGSIONAL BERBASIS SUSU KAMBING BUBUK Candra Saka Nusantari; Annisaa Siti Zulaicha
Analit : Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Vol. 9, No. 02 October (2024) Analit : Analytical and Environmental Chemistry
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/analit.v9i02.203

Abstract

One variation of functional beverages that is beneficial for the body is powdered goat milk with the addition of kenikir leaf powder (Cosmos caudatus Kunth). Kenikir leaves not only contain bioactive compounds that act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and antimicrobials, but they also have high levels of protein, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. Therefore, kenikir leaves are utilized as a component to enhance the protein content in functional beverages. The effect of adding kenikir leaf powder to functional beverages on protein content was assessed using the Kjeldahl method, with sample formulations labeled MF(F0), MF(F1), and MF(F2). The results from the Kjeldahl method showed that the highest protein content was found in the MF(F2) sample at 3.58%, while the MF(F1) sample had a protein content of 3.07%, and the MF(F0) sample had 2.49%. This demonstrates that the addition of kenikir leaves increases the protein content in functional beverages. Keywords: kenikir leaves, functional beverages, protein, goat milk.
Functional Group Profiling of Gelatin-Based Transparent Capsule Shells Using FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy Saddam Husein; Rafi Andrean Permana; Putri Amalia; Candra Saka Nusantari
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v16i2.976

Abstract

Transparent capsule shells are widely used as oral dosage forms; however, information regarding the source of gelatin is often unclear, potentially affecting product quality, safety, and halal status. This study aimed to profile ten samples of transparent capsule shells obtained from online stores using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and to compare their spectral characteristics with bovine, porcine, and fish gelatin standards. This laboratory experimental study employed FTIR-ATR analysis within the wavelength range of 4500-650 cm⁻¹. The results demonstrated that all capsule samples exhibited characteristic gelatin absorption bands in the Amide A, Amide I, Amide II, and Amide III regions. Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and comparison with gelatin standards, 9 out of 10 samples (90%) showed spectral similarity to porcine gelatin, while 1 sample (10%) showed similarity to fish gelatin. No samples demonstrated dominant similarity to bovine gelatin. Sample K2 was classified as being closer to fish gelatin, whereas samples K1, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8, K9, and K10 were classified as being closer to porcine gelatin. These findings indicate that FTIR-ATR is effective for profiling the chemical characteristics of transparent capsule shells and can be utilized as an analytical tool for identifying gelatin sources, thereby supporting quality control and consumer safety
Co-Authors Putri Amalia Rafi Andrean Permana Saddam Husein Siti Zulaicha, Annisaa