Ni Made Sri Rukmiyati
Politeknik Pariwisata Bali, Indonesia

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Unveiling the Gender Gap: A Literature Review on Women Entrepreneurs and Financial Access Ni Made Sri Rukmiyati; Ni Wayan Noviana Safitri; Ni Ketut Mareni; Ni Putu Ayu Darmayanti; Ni Nengah Seri Ekayani
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Jagaditha Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Jagaditha
Publisher : Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jj.11.2.2024.141-151

Abstract

This study conducts a systematic literature review to examine the current state of research on access to finance for women entrepreneurs. The review reveals the multifaceted nature of factors influencing gender disparities in financial access and their consequent business performance. While some scholars debate the role of gender discrimination versus differences in motivations and preferences between male and female entrepreneurs, empirical evidence suggests that disparities persist, albeit with variations across regions. Notably, studies highlight differences in loan sizes between women and men, indicating nuanced challenges faced by women in accessing formal finance. Furthermore, contextual factors such as the level of financial development, institutional norms, gender behavior, and individual perceptions shaped by stereotypes contribute to these disparities. Policy initiatives promoting gender equality in financial access and fostering an inclusive business environment emerge as crucial strategies to address these challenges and harness the potential of women entrepreneurs for economic development. This study provides a comprehensive foundation for further research into the determinants of women entrepreneurs' financial access and informs the design of targeted policy interventions aimed at mitigating gender disparities in entrepreneurship.
The Implementation Of Green Purchasing At Conrad Bali Hotel Ni Putu Tanya; Titien Damayanti; Ni Made Sri Rukmiyati
Journal of Governance, Taxation and Auditing Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Governance, Taxation and Auditing (July - September 2026)
Publisher : PT Keberlanjutan Strategis Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38142/jogta.v4i1.2039

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of green purchasing and its implications for operational costs at Conrad Bali Hotel. This topic is important because environmentally friendly procurement practices in the hospitality industry are not only related to compliance with sustainability principles but also closely associated with operational efficiency, supplier selection, and resource-use control. This study employed a qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research informants consisted of the Purchasing Manager, Purchasing Supervisor, Cost Control, and Sanitation Hygiene Manager. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Meanwhile, data validity was examined through source triangulation and technique triangulation. The results show that green purchasing at Conrad Bali Hotel has been implemented through supplier selection that considers environmental aspects, the use of reusable packaging, and the application of the reduce and reuse principles in the procurement process. However, its implementation has not been fully optimized due to the limited number of suppliers with ISO 14000 certification, the absence of official green partners, and the incomplete implementation of recycling practices. In terms of cost, environmentally friendly products tend to be more expensive than conventional products. Nevertheless, green purchasing contributes to operational efficiency by reducing waste, decreasing the use of single-use packaging, and strengthening sustainable procurement practices. These findings indicate that green purchasing can serve as an important strategy for supporting environmental sustainability while improving hotel operational efficiency.