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All Journal International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Faisal M Jasin
Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Kesehatan dan Teknologi PKP DKI Jakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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Assessing Anthropogenic Pressure through Biomonitoring: Aquatic Biota as Indicators of Water Quality in an Urban Lake Nurvita Cundaningsih; Haerul Anwar; Faisal M Jasin; Hartono Hartono; Adrian Rahmat Nur; Rinaldi Idroes
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v4i3.846

Abstract

Urban areas in Jakarta face significant pressure on clean water resources due to increasing population and anthropogenic activities. This research aims to conduct biomonitoring of the Situ Bambon Ciracas lake ecosystem, East Jakarta, by analyzing water quality and the community structure of macrozoobenthos, phytoplankton, and zooplankton as bioindicators. A descriptive quantitative method was used, involving measurements of water physical-chemical parameters (TDS, TSS, pH, BOD, COD, Total-P) and identification of aquatic biota. The results indicate that the water quality of Situ Bambon Ciracas lake is lightly to moderately polluted, dominated by organic compounds. BOD (5−34.67 mg/L) and COD (17.05−193.56 mg/L) values consistently exceeded the Class 3 water quality standards, and TDS showed an increasing trend. The biota community structure reflects these conditions: macrozoobenthos showed moderate diversity (H′=1.2, E=0.6). Phytoplankton (H′=3.12−3.2, E=0.74−0.76) and zooplankton (H′=2.11−2.16, E=0.76−1.95) showed high diversity and evenness, but were dominated by bioindicator species tolerant to organic pollution (e.g., Oscillatoria sp., Nitzschia sp., Colpoda sp., Closterium sp.). The positive correlation between the abundance of these bioindicator species and high BOD and COD confirms organic waste as the main driver of ecological change. In conclusion, the Situ Bambon Ciracas lake ecosystem is under significant anthropogenic pressure. The dominance of pollution-tolerant species, despite existing diversity, highlights the urgency of comprehensive management and restoration efforts to maintain the sustainability of this urban lake.
Evaluation of Microbiological Indicator Contamination (Escherichia coli) and Heavy Metal Levels in Edible Fish from Situ Bambon, Ciracas: A Health Risk Assessment Haerul Anwar; Nadirahillah; Faisal M Jasin; Bayu Achil Sadjab; Cornelia Victoria Anghel; Amir Machmud
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v5i2.1137

Abstract

Situ Bambon in Ciracas, East Jakarta, is utilized by the local community for daily activities ranging from recreation, angling, to net fishing. The community frequently utilizes the areas around the inlet, midstream, and outlet to catch fish. This study aims to evaluate the content of the microbiological indicator E. coli and heavy metal levels in edible fish from Situ Bambon Ciracas to obtain a comprehensive Health Risk Assessment. The results showed that the microbiological contamination levels through the Escherichia coli indicator in edible fish ranged from <1.8 to 13.9 MPN/g, indicating that fish samples in the inlet 1 and outlet 2 areas failed to meet food safety standards (< 3 APM/g). The worst concentrations of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) in edible fish from Situ Bambon were found in the inlet 2 area, with a Cd value of 0.83 mg/kg and a Pb value of 0.80 mg/kg. The obtained Cd and Pb contamination levels exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Limits (MCL) established by PerBPOM Number 9 of 2022, where Cd was approximately 8.3 times higher, while Pb exceeded the limit by about 2.7 times. The Health Risk Assessment (HRA) indicated that the Hazard Index (HI) value of 1.489 exceeded the allowable tolerance threshold of 1.0. Risk contribution analysis showed that Cd accounted for 51.0% of the total HI risk, while Hg contributed 35.0%. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk (cancer) was evaluated through the Total Risk (TR) for Cadmium (Cd) because it possesses the highest Slope Factor (SF) of 0.38 (mg/kg-day)⁻¹, calculated based on the Lifetime Average Daily Dose (LADD) and SF, yielding a result of 3.37 x 10⁻⁷. This value remains below the internationally acceptable carcinogenic risk threshold of TR < 10⁻⁶. The environment-fish-human exposure cycle in Situ Bambon has reached a hazardous threshold and demands top-priority intervention to protect public health.
Co-Authors Amir Machmud Bayu Achil Sadjab Cornelia Victoria Anghel Haerul Anwar Hartono Hartono Nadirahillah Nur, Adrian Rahmat Nurvita Cundaningsih Rinaldi Idroes