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All Journal International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Amir Machmud
Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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A review of Open Channel Design for Mine Dewatering System Based on Environmental Observations Ainul Saputra; A. A. Inung Arie Adnyano; Bayurohman Pangacella Putra; Agung Dwi Sutrisno; Akhmad Zamroni; Amir Machmud
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v2i1.177

Abstract

The purpose of mine dewatering system is to control runoff water that enters mine openings so that the mining process is not disturbed. The rainfall discharge (Q) is 0.0951 m³/second and the runoff discharge (Q) is 0.69 m³/second, making the total mining discharge entering the location 0.781 m³/second. The open channel design has dimensions of Channel wall slope (α) = 60°, Water depth (h) = 0.73 m, Channel depth (d) = 0.83 m, Channel base width (B) = 0.73 m, Surface width (b) = 1.57 m, Wet cross-sectional area of channel (A) = 0.92 m², and Channel wall length (a) = 0.97 m. The sedimentation pond has the following dimensions and compartments: Total length (l) = 104 m; width (b) = 8 m; depth (H) = 4 m; partition width = 4 m; partition depth = 4 m; partition length = 7 m. It consists of 3 compartments: conditioning compartment, separation between solids and mine water, and flow with an area of 277 m² per compartment. The sedimentation pond volume is 3094 m³ with a total area of 830 m². The results of the study obtained information that to control runoff water entering mine openings, a pond capacity as a settling site was needed of more than 3094 m³ with a maximum dredging time of settling pond particles that can be done once every 10 months.
Bayesian Spatial Modeling of Landslide Events Using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA): A Study Case on Natural Conditions and Community Actions in East Java, Indonesia Salman Alfarisi; Athalia Christina; Sadiyana Yaqutna Naqiya; Ro'fah Nur Rachmawati; Amir Machmud; Endah Kinarya Palupi
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 2 No. 3 (2023): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v2i3.354

Abstract

Bayesian Spatial Modeling Using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) is an advanced statistical technique that can be used to model and analyze occurrences in geographic areas. Landslides are one of natural disasters that occur due to natural and human factors and pose a serious threat to East Java Province which has complex natural conditions. The disaster brings various losses, including economic, infrastructural, human life, and environmental. This study investigates the factors contributing to landslides across 29 districts and 9 cities in East Java, Indonesia, using spatial regression modeling by Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA). The factors include the number of seaside villages, the number of slope topography villages, and the area of temporarily uncultivated gardens and fields in 2021. The modeling results show that the number of seaside villages, the number of slope topography villages, and the area of fields that are temporarily uncultivated have a significant influence on the occurrence of landslides so that efforts to mitigate and prevent such disasters can be focused on the contributing factors. We conclude that the model might be able to identify potential landslide risk areas through mapping.
Identification of Groundwater Aquifers Using Geoelectric Methods with Schlumberger Configuration in Peatland Areas, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Rasmi Rasmi; Yuris Sutanto; Radhitya Perdhana; Muliadi Muliadi; Muhardi Muhardi; Mahmuddin Marbun; Amir Machmud; Elok Surya Pratiwi
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v3i1.388

Abstract

The geoelectric-resistivity method with Schlumberger configuration is commonly used for groundwater exploration. This method helps identify changes in the resistivity of rock layers beneath the Earth's surface by flowing direct current (DC). In this research, geoelectric-resistivity was used to search for the existence of groundwater aquifers in water crisis areas with peat soil structures. In addition, this research aims to determine the depth of the aquifer layer based on resistivity values below the surface and  to identify variations in resistivity values below the surface. The method used in this research was the Schlumberger configuration resistivity geoelectric method with 4 measurement points, each with  a stretch length of 500 m . The research results show that the subsurface resistivity value in the Parit Haji Muksin II area is 2.69 Ohm m to 264 Ohm m. The unconfined aquifer at the research location was found at point 1 and point 2 at a depth of 3.94 m to 35.5 m, while the confined aquifer was found at points 3 and 4 at a depth of 13.6 m to 61.8 m. This study indicates the presence of potential groundwater resources in tropical peatlands, highlighting the necessity for further comprehensive research to ensure their sustainable utilization in the future.
Production and Characterization of Bioethanol from Tobacco Stalks via Acid Hydrolysis and Fermentation Akhmad Irfan; Adi Muslihat; Sunaryo; Sri Jumini; Ikrom Mustofa; Dhandhun Wacano; Raju; Amir Machmud; Endah Kinarya Palupi
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v5i1.1030

Abstract

The increasing demand for energy and the environmental impacts of fossil fuel consumption have encouraged the development of renewable and sustainable energy sources. Bioethanol derived from lignocellulosic biomass represents a promising alternative fuel due to its renewability and reduced competition with food resources. This study investigates the potential of tobacco stalks, an underutilized agricultural residue, as a feedstock for bioethanol production through acid hydrolysis and fermentation processes. Dried tobacco stalks were hydrolyzed using 1 M sulfuric acid at 110 °C for 3 h to produce fermentable sugars, followed by batch fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae with variations in yeast concentration and fermentation time. The fermentation products were purified by simple distillation and characterized using refractometry, density measurement, GC–MS, and bomb calorimetry. The hydrolysis process yielded a sugar concentration of 7.6%. Refractometric analysis indicated ethanol concentrations in the range of 64–68% (v/v), while density measurements suggested lower effective ethanol purity due to residual water and non-ethanol components. GC–MS analysis confirmed ethanol as the dominant compound, with relative contents ranging from approximately 52% to 73%, accompanied by acetic acid and minor volatile by-products. The calorific value of the produced bioethanol ranged from 4,825 to 4,983 kcal/kg and increased with fermentation time. The results demonstrate that tobacco stalks have considerable potential as a lignocellulosic feedstock for bioethanol production, although further process optimization is required to enhance ethanol purity and overall conversion efficiency.
Evaluation of Microbiological Indicator Contamination (Escherichia coli) and Heavy Metal Levels in Edible Fish from Situ Bambon, Ciracas: A Health Risk Assessment Haerul Anwar; Nadirahillah; Faisal M Jasin; Bayu Achil Sadjab; Cornelia Victoria Anghel; Amir Machmud
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v5i2.1137

Abstract

Situ Bambon in Ciracas, East Jakarta, is utilized by the local community for daily activities ranging from recreation, angling, to net fishing. The community frequently utilizes the areas around the inlet, midstream, and outlet to catch fish. This study aims to evaluate the content of the microbiological indicator E. coli and heavy metal levels in edible fish from Situ Bambon Ciracas to obtain a comprehensive Health Risk Assessment. The results showed that the microbiological contamination levels through the Escherichia coli indicator in edible fish ranged from <1.8 to 13.9 MPN/g, indicating that fish samples in the inlet 1 and outlet 2 areas failed to meet food safety standards (< 3 APM/g). The worst concentrations of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) in edible fish from Situ Bambon were found in the inlet 2 area, with a Cd value of 0.83 mg/kg and a Pb value of 0.80 mg/kg. The obtained Cd and Pb contamination levels exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Limits (MCL) established by PerBPOM Number 9 of 2022, where Cd was approximately 8.3 times higher, while Pb exceeded the limit by about 2.7 times. The Health Risk Assessment (HRA) indicated that the Hazard Index (HI) value of 1.489 exceeded the allowable tolerance threshold of 1.0. Risk contribution analysis showed that Cd accounted for 51.0% of the total HI risk, while Hg contributed 35.0%. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk (cancer) was evaluated through the Total Risk (TR) for Cadmium (Cd) because it possesses the highest Slope Factor (SF) of 0.38 (mg/kg-day)⁻¹, calculated based on the Lifetime Average Daily Dose (LADD) and SF, yielding a result of 3.37 x 10⁻⁷. This value remains below the internationally acceptable carcinogenic risk threshold of TR < 10⁻⁶. The environment-fish-human exposure cycle in Situ Bambon has reached a hazardous threshold and demands top-priority intervention to protect public health.
Co-Authors A. A. Inung Arie Adnyano Adi Muslihat Agung Dwi Sutrisno Ainul Saputra Akhmad Zamroni Athalia Christina Bayu Achil Sadjab Bayurohman Pangacella Putra Cornelia Victoria Anghel Dhandhun Wacano Elok Surya Pratiwi Endah Kinarya Palupi Endah Kinarya Palupi Faisal M Jasin Haerul Anwar Hamimi Hamimi Ikrom Mustofa Irfan, Akhmad Mahmuddin Marbun Muhardi Muliadi Muliadi Nadirahillah Radhitya Perdhana Raju Rasmi Rasmi Ro&#039;fah Nur Rachmawati Sadiyana Yaqutna Naqiya Salman Alfarisi Setyo Harmono Sri Jumini Sunaryo Suranto Suranto Yuris Sutanto