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All Journal Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology
Isaac Papa Kwesi Arkorful
Norfolk State University, United States
Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Advanced Control Strategies for Frequency Stabilization of a Synchronous Generator in a Modern Grid Yaw Amankrah Sam-Okyere; Emmanuel Osei-Kwame; Isaac Papa Kwesi Arkorful; Ebenezer Armah; Nutifafa Tsikata
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v3i1.92

Abstract

The stability and reliability of modern power systems are critically dependent on maintaining a nominal frequency. The increasing integration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources (RES) has led to a significant reduction in system inertia, making the grid more susceptible to rapid frequency excursions and a high Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) following disturbances. This research investigates frequency stabilization of a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus, modeled through the swing equation and linearized at the unstable operating point. A state-space representation of the system is derived, and its controllability and observability are verified to enable modern control design. Two approaches are implemented: full-state feedback (FSF) and observer-based output feedback using a Luenberger observer. Controller gains are designed via pole placement to achieve desired closed-loop dynamics, while observer poles are chosen to be faster to ensure rapid state estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that both controllers stabilize the otherwise unstable generator, with the observer-based feedback offering faster frequency recovery when only partial state measurements are available. A comparative analysis of rotor angle and frequency trajectories shows that FSF ensures robustness when full measurements are accessible. At the same time, the observer-based design provides a practical solution under realistic measurement limitations. The results confirm that advanced control strategies can effectively stabilize low-inertia power systems.
Visualizing Digital Modulation Techniques with Simulink and Raspberry Pi 4 Lydia Dede Obeng; Michael Aguadze; Isaac Papa Kwesi Arkorful
Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/aeit.v2i2.87

Abstract

Digital modulation techniques are fundamental to modern communication systems, enabling the reliable transmission of data over wireless, optical, and wired channels. This research focuses on designing, implementing, and visualizing three key digital modulation schemes: Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK), and Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) using MATLAB Simulink and the Raspberry Pi 4 platform. Performance evaluation through oscilloscope visualization demonstrated robust signal integrity: the 2-ASK transmitter exhibited clear amplitude changes at a 15 kHz carrier frequency, accurately representing binary data with minimal observed noise (qualitative SNR improvement over unmodulated signals) and negligible distortion. The 2-FSK transmitter produced distinct frequency shifts between 4.8 kHz and 9.6 kHz, encoding binary 1 and 0 with low error potential in noise-free conditions, as confirmed by waveform observations. The QPSK transmitter displayed smooth phase transitions at 15 kHz, cycling through four phase states (45°, 135°, 225°, 315°), effectively doubling the data rate compared to BPSK while maintaining phase accuracy within hardware latency limits (approximately 10-20 ms processing delay). The ability to visualize and analyze these methods supports the development of improved modulation schemes, contributing to more efficient and robust digital communication systems.
Control Strategy Assessment: PID and Fuzzy-PID for Compound DC Motor Systems Yaw Amankrah Sam-Okyere; Emmanuel Osei-Kwame; Dienatu Issaka; Isaac Papa Kwesi Arkorful
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i2.74

Abstract

Compound DC motors, prized for their high torque and speed in industrial applications, demand robust control under nonlinear conditions. This study advances the field of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface (ANFIS) by comparing a Ziegler-Nichols-tuned Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller with a novel ANFIS-PID controller for a compound DC motor. Unlike prior work, the research focuses on the unique dynamics of compound motors for real-time applications. Using MATLAB Simulink simulations. Performance was assessed via overshoot, rise time, settling time, and steady-state error under no-load and full-load conditions. The PID controller yielded 11.789% overshoot, 1.140s rise time, and 2.251s settling time, while the ANFIS-PID achieved 6.989% overshoot, 0.951s rise time, and 1.962s settling time, with a 50% lower steady-state error. These results, validated across 10 runs (p < 0.05), highlight the ANFIS-PID’s superior adaptability to the motor’s series-shunt dynamics, offering a 40.7% overshoot reduction.
Design and Automation of a PLC-Based Dust Suppression System for Mineral Processing Plants Moses Kwesi Annan; Isaac Papa Kwesi Arkorful; Ramatu Al-hassan
Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/aeit.v3i1.98

Abstract

Excessive dust generation in mineral processing and crushing plants poses serious occupational and environmental health challenges. Prolonged exposure to fine particulate matter—particularly Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) and Particulate Matter below 10 µm (PM₁₀)—has been linked to respiratory diseases and reduced air quality in surrounding areas. Dust concentration data collected over a nine-year period revealed that approximately 20 % of TSP values exceeded the 150 µg/m³ safety limit, while 25 % of PM₁₀ readings surpassed the 70 µg/m³ threshold, with peak levels reaching over 300 µg/m³ during dry months. These findings underscore the need for continuous and responsive dust control in processing environments. This study presents the design and simulation of an automated dust suppression system using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) integrated with dust and water-level sensors. Developed in RSLogix 500 and visualized in LabVIEW, the system automatically detects hazardous dust levels and activates low-pressure water spray nozzles in 15-second suppression cycles, with dust concentration re-checked after each cycle until levels fall below safe thresholds. MATLAB was employed to analyze nine years of historical dust concentration data and establish the threshold parameters used to configure the PLC control logic. Simulation results demonstrate reliable real-time monitoring, automated threshold-triggered suppression, and elimination of manual intervention in dust concentration control. The proposed automation framework provides a scalable solution for improving air-quality compliance, worker safety, and operational efficiency in mineral processing facilities.
Co-Authors Dienatu Issaka Ebenezer Armah Emmanuel Osei-Kwame Lydia Dede Obeng Michael Aguadze Moses Kwesi Annan Nutifafa Tsikata Ramatu Al-hassan Yaw Amankrah Sam-Okyere Yaw Amankrah Sam-Okyere