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All Journal Journal of Power, Energy, and Control
Nutifafa Tsikata
University of Mines and Technology, Ghana
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Advanced Control Strategies for Frequency Stabilization of a Synchronous Generator in a Modern Grid Yaw Amankrah Sam-Okyere; Emmanuel Osei-Kwame; Isaac Papa Kwesi Arkorful; Ebenezer Armah; Nutifafa Tsikata
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v3i1.92

Abstract

The stability and reliability of modern power systems are critically dependent on maintaining a nominal frequency. The increasing integration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources (RES) has led to a significant reduction in system inertia, making the grid more susceptible to rapid frequency excursions and a high Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) following disturbances. This research investigates frequency stabilization of a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus, modeled through the swing equation and linearized at the unstable operating point. A state-space representation of the system is derived, and its controllability and observability are verified to enable modern control design. Two approaches are implemented: full-state feedback (FSF) and observer-based output feedback using a Luenberger observer. Controller gains are designed via pole placement to achieve desired closed-loop dynamics, while observer poles are chosen to be faster to ensure rapid state estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that both controllers stabilize the otherwise unstable generator, with the observer-based feedback offering faster frequency recovery when only partial state measurements are available. A comparative analysis of rotor angle and frequency trajectories shows that FSF ensures robustness when full measurements are accessible. At the same time, the observer-based design provides a practical solution under realistic measurement limitations. The results confirm that advanced control strategies can effectively stabilize low-inertia power systems.
Voltage Surge Estimation in Inverter-Cable High-Impedance Load System Benjamin Egyin Wilson; Ebenezer Armah; Nutifafa Tsikata
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i2.62

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of inverter–cable–high-impedance load systems using transmission line theory. High-frequency inverters with short voltage rise times can induce severe voltage surges at the load terminal due to impedance mismatch and wave reflections. An analytical expression is derived to estimate the peak terminal voltage as a function of the inverter rise time and cable propagation delay. Simulation results obtained using MATLAB confirm that the peak voltage can surge up to twice the DC link value (300 V for a 150 V DC source) when the inverter rise time is less than three times the cable propagation delay. To mitigate this overvoltage, a dV/dt filter is designed for worst-case rise-time conditions (step input), enhancing surge suppression without requiring redesign across varying switching speeds. The proposed method offers a practical, cost-effective solution for long-cable applications in high-frequency inverter systems.
Co-Authors Benjamin Egyin Wilson Ebenezer Armah Emmanuel Osei-Kwame Isaac Papa Kwesi Arkorful Yaw Amankrah Sam-Okyere