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All Journal Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Enigma in Education
Firzan Dahlan
Department of History Science, Enigma Institute, Palembang, Indonesia
Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Other

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Impact of Sociocultural Mediation on Exhumation Timeline and DNA Yield in Medicolegal Investigations: A Retrospective Survival Analysis from Rural South Sumatra Dedi Kusmanto; Hendri Safitri; Firzan Dahlan; Fachrudin Sani
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v4i1.256

Abstract

Introduction: Forensic medicolegal investigations in rural Indonesia are frequently conditioned by sociocultural practices that govern community consent for exhumation. Four distinct mediation pathways — direct family authorization, elder-mediated, religious leader-mediated, and multiple-mediator — are commonly observed in South Sumatran casework, yet their quantitative impact on exhumation timeline and downstream DNA extraction success has not been formally characterized. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 120 consecutive medicolegal exhumation cases at Hospital X, South Sumatra, January 2018 – December 2022. Mediation type was classified from case file records. Time-to-exhumation was analysed by Kaplan-Meier survival estimation and log-rank testing; adjusted hazard ratios were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression. Binary DNA extraction success (≥1 ng/µL by real-time PCR) was modelled by multivariable logistic regression with 1000-iteration bootstrap confidence intervals. Results: The four mediation groups (Direct n=35; Elder n=42; Religious n=31; Multiple n=12) were well-balanced on demographic and burial covariates (all p > 0.05) but differed significantly in exhumation delay (median 13, 27.5, 42, and 67 days respectively; p < 0.001). Global log-rank test confirmed significant between-group differences in time-to-exhumation (χ² = 26.41, df = 3, p < 0.001). Overall DNA success was 70.0% (84/120). Religious leader-mediated cases had significantly lower odds of DNA success in multivariable analysis (aOR 0.361, 95% CI 0.144–0.904, p = 0.030). Exhumation delay >30 days (OR 0.411, 95% CI 0.228–0.742, p = 0.003) and male gender (aOR 2.029, 95% CI 1.017–4.046, p = 0.045) were independently associated with DNA outcome. Conclusion: Sociocultural mediation type is a significant and independent predictor of both exhumation timeline and DNA extraction success in South Sumatran rural forensic casework. Religious leader-mediated cases incur a 29-day median delay compared with directly authorized cases, translating into measurable reductions in DNA yield. Formalisation of a Community Forensic Mediation Protocol at the provincial level is recommended.
Archipelagic Consciousness: Reimagining National Identity Through Local and Maritime Histories in Indonesian Primary Education Firzan Dahlan; Grace Freya Purba; Farah Faiza; Amir Serikova; Danila Adi Sanjaya; Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Susi Diana; Christian Napitupulu; Maya Enderson; Emir Abdullah
Enigma in Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Education
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/edu.v3i1.93

Abstract

The formation of national identity in Indonesia, the world's largest archipelagic state, has historically been dominated by a centralized, terrestrial-focused historical narrative that often marginalizes the rich diversity of local and maritime histories. This study addressed the gap in understanding how a pedagogical shift towards these histories could foster a more inclusive and interconnected sense of nationhood, termed 'Archipelagic Consciousness', among young learners. A quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study was conducted over one academic semester in four primary schools across Indonesia. A total of 180 fifth-grade students participated, divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received a pedagogical intervention based on local hero narratives, inter-island trade routes, and project-based learning focused on maritime culture. Data were collected using a validated pre-test/post-test 'Archipelagic Consciousness Inventory' (ACI), supplemented by qualitative data from focus group discussions and student portfolio analysis. Quantitative data analysis revealed a statistically significant, large-effect-size improvement in the ACI scores for the experimental group compared to the control group. Qualitative findings corroborated these results, with major themes emerging that included the validation of local identity as integral to the national story, a conceptual shift from viewing the sea as a barrier to a connector, and an enhanced appreciation for inter-regional cultural diversity. In conclusion, the pedagogical model centered on local and maritime histories was highly effective in cultivating Archipelagic Consciousness. Integrating these narratives into primary education offers a potent pathway for reimagining Indonesian national identity as a dynamic, interconnected, and pluralistic tapestry, moving beyond a monolithic, land-based conception. This study provides empirical support for curriculum reform aimed at fostering a more resilient and inclusive national identity.
CultuSTEM: A Culture-Based Pedagogical Model for Fostering Creativity in Secondary STEM Classrooms Iis Sugandhi; Evelyn Wang; Firzan Dahlan
Enigma in Education Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Enigma in Education
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/edu.v3i2.119

Abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of CultuSTEM, a culture-based pedagogical model integrating local culinary heritage with STEM education, in fostering creativity among secondary school students. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was employed with 136 Grade 10 students (68 experimental, 68 control) from two public secondary schools in Palembang, Indonesia. The experimental group participated in a 10-week CultuSTEM intervention comprising five thematic modules—fermentation science, thermal dynamics in traditional cooking, spice preservation chemistry, recipe scaling mathematics, and cooking tool engineering—each delivered through a four-phase instructional cycle: Cultural Immersion, Scientific Inquiry, Creative Challenge, and Reflective Synthesis. The Creative Thinking Skills Test, adapted from the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, served as the primary outcome measure. MANOVA results revealed a significant multivariate effect (Pillai’s V = 0.412, F(3,132) = 30.84, p < 0.001). ANCOVA analyses, with Bonferroni correction, confirmed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group on creative thinking (F(1,133) = 142.68, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.518), STEM achievement (F(1,133) = 78.42, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.371), and cultural appreciation (F(1,133) = 45.86, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.256). Hedges’ g effect sizes ranged from 0.76 to 1.31 across outcome variables, indicating large practical significance. These findings suggest that culturally grounded STEM instruction can substantially enhance creative thinking while simultaneously improving academic performance and cultural engagement.
Co-Authors Amir Serikova Christian Napitupulu Danila Adi Sanjaya Dedi Kusmanto Emir Abdullah Evelyn Wang Fachrudin Sani Farah Faiza Grace Freya Purba Hendri Safitri Iis Sugandhi Maya Enderson Susi Diana Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu