Ziana Farihatul Walida
Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

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Sains dalam Sejarah Peradaban Islam Ziana Farihatul Walida; Muhammad Daffa Handiana; Abdurrahman Syahab; Maftuh Ajmain
Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 5 (2026): Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah (Mei 2026)
Publisher : PT. Saha Kreasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64788/ar-rasyid.v2i5.371

Abstract

Islamic civilization reached its peak of scientific glory from the 8th to the 14th century AD, becoming a global intellectual center that produced various discoveries in mathematics, medicine, astronomy, chemistry, physics, and philosophy. This progress did not occur by chance but was driven by theological views that glorified knowledge, supportive political policies, massive translation movements, economic prosperity, practical needs of society, inclusive intellectual traditions, and the integration of revelation, reason, and empirical experience. Prominent figures such as Al-Khwarizmi, Ibn Sina, Ibn al-Haytham, Al-Biruni, Ar-Razi, Al-Zahrawi, Jabir ibn Hayyan, and Ibn Rushd made original contributions that became the foundation for the development of modern science. Islamic civilization also served as a bridge between ancient knowledge and the European Renaissance through the translation of scientific works into Latin. However, decline occurred due to political instability, reduced state support, intellectual stagnation, and external invasions. The legacy of Islamic science remains an important part of the history of global knowledge.
Pengertian dan Sumber Ajaran Islam Berdasarkan Kajian Metodologi Studi Islam Rychan Islah Ramadhan; Ziana Farihatul Walida; Maftuh Ajmain
Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 6 (2026): Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah (Juni 2026)
Publisher : PT. Saha Kreasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64788/ar-rasyid.v2i6.387

Abstract

This study aims to comprehensively understand the definition of the sources of Islamic teachings, explain the meaning of the Qur'an along with its contents and basic legal components, understand the meaning of Hadith/Sunnah along with its functions and types as the second source of Islamic law, as well as understand the meaning of ijtihad, its types, and its function in answering the problems of the ummah. The method used is library research with a descriptive-analytical approach to literature related to ushul fiqh and sources of Islamic law. The results show that the sources of Islamic teachings are divided into primary sources (Qur'an and Hadith) and secondary sources (ijtihad). The Qur'an contains teachings on monotheism (tauhid), worship, promise and threat, stories of past nations, news of the afterlife, as well as principles of knowledge. Hadith functions as a strengthener, explainer, specifier, and establisher of laws not found in the Qur'an. Ijtihad includes ijma', qiyas, istihsan, mashalih murshalah, saddu dzariah, istishab, and 'urf. A correct understanding of the sources of Islamic teachings is very important so that Islamic teachings can be practiced properly in daily life.