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All Journal Otopro JMES: The International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences Madani: Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Teknik (IDENTIK) Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Automotive Innovations Journal
Aji Nugroho
Department Of Applied Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, 60231, Indonesia
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STUDI AERODINAMIKA KENDARAAN LISTRIK VU-EV DENGAN PENDEKATAN COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) Imanuel Timotius Arifin; Ferly Isnomo Abdi; Aji Nugroho; Lailatus Sa’diyah Yuniar Arifianti; Chaska Akhila Ade Diandra
Otopro Vol 21 No 1 Nov 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v21n1.p22-29

Abstract

This research analyzes the aerodynamic characteristics of the VU-EV electric vehicle using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. The study evaluates airflow patterns, pressure distribution, and wake formation at three speeds (20 km/h, 25 km/h, and 30 km/h), aiming to enhance the aerodynamic efficiency and performance of a six-passenger electric golf car equipped with solar panels.The simulation results indicate that higher speeds result in more turbulent airflow, greater pressure differentials between the front and rear, and increased aerodynamic drag. For future studies, improvements in body design—especially at the rear—and the addition of aerodynamic devices are recommended to minimize drag, alongside experimental validation to ensure simulation accuracy and wider applicability for the development of sustainable vehicles.
Analisis Performa Sepeda Listrik Roda Tiga (E-Trike) Aviator AT 230 Pada Mode Normal menggunakan Chassis Dynamometer Chaska Diandra; Ferly Abdi; Sudirman Ariyanto; Aji Nugroho
Automotive Innovations Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Automotive Engineering Technolgy

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Abstract

Sepeda listrik roda tiga (e-trike) semakin berkembang sebagai solusi transportasi berkelanjutan di Indonesia, namun penelitian terukur mengenai performa mode operasi komersial masih terbatas. Belum ada studi kuantitatif yang membandingkan performa mode normal dengan variasi beban menggunakan chassis dynamometer di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, melalui paper ini akan dilakukan pengujian laboratorium menggunakan chassis dynamometer single-roller. Pengukuran dilakukan pada mode Normal dengan tiga variasi beban pengguna (70 kg, 90 kg, 110 kg) untuk mengevaluasi torsi, daya mekanik, dan efisiensi sistem penggerak. Data torsi dan RPM akan direkam oleh sistem dinamometer, sedangkan arus dan tegangan akan diambil dari pembacaan power analyzer, kemudian data akan digunakan untuk perhitungan daya mekanik dan efisiensi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil sebagai berikut: pada beban 70 kg menghasilkan torsi 1,00 Nm dengan daya mekanik 474,8 W dan efisiensi 90,9%, pada beban 90 kg torsi meningkat menjadi 1,08 Nm dengan daya 455,0 W dan efisiensi 83,3%, namun pada beban 110 kg menurun drastis menjadi torsi 0,86 Nm dengan daya 422,0 W dan efisiensi 73,6%. Penurunan tersebut disebabkan aktivasi pembatasan arus (current limiting) oleh controller pada beban 110 kg untuk penghematan daya. Mode Normal terbukti memiliki zona operasi optimal pada rentang beban 70–90 kg dengan responsivitas torsi yang stabil, menjadikannya pilihan operasi terbaik untuk penggunaan harian pada berbagai kondisi beban tanpa perlu switching mode
Pengaruh Variasi Ketebalan Penampang Segiempat pada Crashbox Terhadap Kemampuan Menyerap Energi Prembayun Prasetiyo; Diah Wulandari; Ferly Isnomo Abdi; Aji Nugroho
Automotive Innovations Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Automotive Engineering Technolgy

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Abstract

Tingginya angka kecelakaan lalu lintas dengan tipe tabrakan frontal mendorong pengembangan sistem keselamatan pasif kendaraan, salah satunya adalah Crashbox. Crashbox berfungsi menyerap energi tumbukan melalui deformasi plastis sehingga gaya yang diteruskan ke struktur kendaraan dan penumpang dapat diminimalkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi ketebalan penampang segiempat terhadap kemampuan penyerapan energi dan karakteristik deformasi Crashbox. Metode yang digunakan adalah simulasi numerik berbasis Finite Element Analysis (FEA) menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS Explicit Dynamics. Model Crashbox berbahan aluminium alloy AA6061-T6 dianalisis dengan variasi ketebalan 2 mm, 3 mm, dan 4 mm. Simulasi tumbukan dilakukan secara aksial dengan kecepatan impactor 15,6 m/s dan massa 100 kg. Parameter crashworthiness yang dianalisis meliputi Energy Absorption (EA), Specific Energy Absorption (SEA), Mean Crushing Force (MCF), Initial Peak Force (IPF), dan Crash Load Efficiency (CFE). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan ketebalan Crashbox meningkatkan kemampuan penyerapan energi dan kestabilan deformasi. Crashbox dengan ketebalan 4 mm menghasilkan nilai EA tertinggi sebesar 6,862 kJ, SEA sebesar 13,92 kJ/kg, serta CFE sebesar 38,57%, dengan pola deformasi progressive axial folding yang paling stabil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variasi ketebalan penampang segiempat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja crashworthiness Crashbox dan dapat menjadi referensi dalam perancangan sistem keselamatan kendaraan.
Enhancing Biocrude and Hydrochar Production from Water Hyacinth via Hydrothermal Processing and Particle Flow Analysis Aji Nugroho; Eka Dwi Ariyanto; Sudirman Rizki Ariyanto; Lailatus Sa’diyah Yuniar Arifianti; Shu-San Hsiau
JMES: The International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences Vol 10 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25807471.v10i1.23489

Abstract

This study investigates the hydrothermal conversion of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) into biocrude and hydrochar using a continuous stainless-steel reactor (2 L, 250-350◦C, 10-25 MPa). The effects of temperature, pressure, biomass-to-water ratio (1:3 to 1:10), and residence time (30-120 min) on product yield and quality were systematically examined. Particle dynamics and fluid flow within the reactor were analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) coupling, employing the Hertz-Mindlin contact model and Gidaspow drag law with a time step of 1 ×10−5 s. Results show that increasing temperature from 250◦C to 350◦C raised biocrude yield from 50 g to 70 g, while pressure increases (10-25 MPa) enhanced hydrochar yield from 30 g to 40 g. The optimal biomass-to-water ratio of 1:7 produced a hydrochar carbon content of 70%, and a residence time of 90 min maximized conversion efficiency at approximately 76.7%. CFD-DEM simulations revealed that higher pressures increased particle collision frequency, promoting biomass fragmentation and improving reaction surface area. These findings provide quantitative insights into optimizing hydrothermal reactor conditions for sustainable biomass conversion.
Analisis Variasi Tegangan dalam Proses Pelapisan Nikel-Krom Material ST37 terhadap Ketebalan dan Kekilapan Permukaan Moch. Hersan Maudian Octa; Firman Yasa Utama; Dewi Puspitasari; Aji Nugroho
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 4, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18446547

Abstract

The advancement of manufacturing technology has driven the need for innovation in metal surface protection, one of which is through the electroplating method. This process uses electric current to deposit a coating metal onto the surface of a base metal, aiming to improve corrosion resistance, hardness, and surface aesthetics. Electrical voltage is a key parameter that influences the quality of the resulting coating. This study aims to analyze the effect of electrical voltage on the thickness and gloss of electroplated metal coatings. This study employed an experimental approach consisting of a literature review, problem identification, preparation of tools and materials, testing, and data analysis. The main equipment and materials used in this research included ST37 material, a DC power supply with voltage variations of 3 V, 6 V, and 12 V, electrodes, and an electrolyte solution composed of nickel and chromium. Data were obtained by measuring the coating thickness using a Thickness Gauge and surface gloss using a Gloss Meter for each voltage variation. The results of this study indicate that the applied voltage significantly affects the thickness and glossiness of the electroplated coating. The highest values were obtained at 6 V, with an average coating thickness of 20.80 µm and a gloss value of 566 GU, indicating the formation of a smooth and highly reflective surface.
Analysis of the Effect of Nickel–Chrome Electroplating Time Variations on Coating Thickness and Surface Hardness of ST41 Material Ifan Sheva Arjuna; Firman Yasa Utama; Dewi Puspitasari; Aji Nugroho
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 4, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

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Abstract

ST41 steel is a low-carbon steel widely used in the industry due to its toughness, but it has low surface hardness, making it less suitable for components subject to friction. To enhance these surface properties, an electroplating process is performed using nickel as the base layer and chromium as the top layer. This study aims to analyze the effect of varying electroplating time on the thickness and hardness of the ST41 steel surface layer. The research method used was an experiment with variations in nickel coating time of 30 minutes, 45 minutes, and 60 minutes at a voltage of 3 V and a temperature of 55 °C. Chrome plating was carried out for 10 seconds at a voltage of 12 V. Layer thickness testing was conducted using a coating thickness gauge, while surface hardness testing was performed using the Vickers method according to ASTM E384 standards with a load of 50 gf. The research results show that the coating thickness increases with longer plating time, from 18.18 µm at 30 minutes to 20.79 µm at 60 minutes. The highest surface hardness value was obtained at a plating time of 45 minutes, reaching 490.4 HV, then decreased at 60 minutes. This indicates that a plating time of 45 minutes is the most optimal condition for producing a nickel–chrome electroplated layer with the highest surface hardness on ST41 steel.
Analisis Sudut Pisau Pada Mesin Pencacah Rumput Gajah Untuk Pembuatan Silase Pakan Ternak Sapi Muhammad Erlangga Adi Nugraha; Diah Wulandari; Firman Yasa Utama; Aji Nugroho
Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Teknik Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): IDENTIK - Januari
Publisher : CV. SINAR HOWUHOWU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70134/identik.v3i1.1285

Abstract

This study examines how the blade angle of an elephant grass chopping machine affects the chopping results used for making cattle feed silage. Elephant grass needs to be chopped to a standard size for silage production, with the ideal chop length ranging from 2–5 cm and relatively uniform, so that the fermentation process runs properly and the feed is easier for livestock to consume. The research was conducted using an experimental method with 1 kg of fresh elephant grass for each trial. The chopped output was classified into three size categories: <2 cm, 2–5 cm, and >5 cm, to determine which met the silage standard most effectively. The study tested three blade angles—30°, 45°, and 60°—and three machine rotational speeds (1700 rpm, 2000 rpm, and 2300 rpm) to evaluate their effects on chopping time, cut size distribution, and processing capacity. The results show that the best performance in terms of machine rotational speed at the 30° blade angle occurred at 2300 rpm. The highest percentage of chopped material within the 2–5 cm size range was obtained at a 45° blade angle, reaching approximately 55–58% of the total chopped output, indicating the most optimal conformity with silage size standards.
Analisis Pengaruh Kecepatan Putaran Rol Terhadap Efisiensi Pengupasan Pada Mesin Pengupas Sabut Kelapa Tri agung; Dyah Riandadari; Arya Mahendra Sakti; Aji Nugroho
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.75883

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of roller rotational speed variations on the efficiency, capacity, and quality of coconut husk peeling in a coconut husk peeling machine using small- and large-sized coconuts as test objects. The roller rotational speed variations applied were 120 rpm, 150 rpm, 180 rpm, 210 rpm, and 240 rpm, where the rotational speed served as the main parameter influencing peeling time, process success rate, and the potential for coconut damage. The research employed an experimental method through direct performance testing of the machine, with observation parameters including peeling time, machine capacity (fruits/hour), and peeling efficiency (%). The test results showed that at rotational speeds of 120 rpm and 150 rpm, the peeling efficiency of small coconuts reached 100%, while the peeling efficiency of large coconuts remained relatively low at 70% and 60%, respectively. At a rotational speed of 180 rpm, the peeling efficiency of large coconuts increased to 100%, with a machine capacity of 563 fruits/hour. Increasing the roller rotational speed to 210 rpm and 240 rpm further enhanced the machine capacity to 784 fruits/hour and 849 fruits/hour, respectively, while reducing the average peeling time to 4.2 seconds. However, at these higher speeds, the peeling efficiency of small coconuts decreased due to the increased mechanical forces acting on the material. Based on the results, a roller rotational speed of 180 rpm was identified as the most optimal condition, as it provided high peeling efficiency, adequate machine capacity, and good peeling quality without causing significant damage to the coconuts.
Co-Authors Arya Mahendra Sakti Chaska Akhila Ade Diandra Chaska Diandra Dewi Puspitasari Dewi Puspitasari Diah Wulandari Dyah Riandadari Eka Dwi Ariyanto Ferly Abdi Ferly Isnomo Abdi Ferly Isnomo Abdi Firman Yasa Utama Firman Yasa Utama Firman Yasa Utama Ifan Sheva Arjuna Imanuel Timotius Arifin Lailatus Sa’diyah Yuniar Arifianti Lailatus Sa’diyah Yuniar Arifianti Moch. Hersan Maudian Octa Muhammad Erlangga Adi Nugraha Prembayun Prasetiyo Shu-San Hsiau Sudirman Ariyanto Sudirman Rizki Ariyanto Tri agung