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All Journal Hakam : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam dan Hukum Ekonomi Islam Qonun Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
A Mufti Khazin
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Normalization of Necessity Legal Maxims in DSN-MUI Fatwas: An Empirical Analysis of Indonesian Sharia Economic Fiqh Methodology Ahmad Musadad; Shofiyun Nahidloh; Baihaqi Baihaqi; Misno Misno; A Mufti Khazin; Tri Pujiati
QONUN: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan Vol 10 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : FASYA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/qj.v10i1.12822

Abstract

The rapid development of the Islamic finance industry requires adaptive legal reasoning capable of responding to the increasing complexity of modern economic transactions. In Indonesia, fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulama Council (DSN-MUI) play a crucial role in establishing the normative framework of Islamic economic practices. This study aims to examine the use of necessity-based legal maxims (qawāʿid al-ḍarūra) in DSN-MUI fatwas and to analyze their methodological implications for the development of contemporary Islamic economic jurisprudence. Employing a qualitative approach with documentary analysis and content analysis methods, this research analyzes 165 DSN-MUI fatwas issued during the early phase of Islamic economic development in Indonesia. The findings reveal that 89 fatwas, representing approximately 53.9% of the total sample, explicitly employ legal maxims related to necessity, harm removal, or urgent need as the basis of legal reasoning. The most frequently applied maxims include al-ḍarar yuzāl, al-ḍarar yudfaʿ bi-qadr al-imkān, and al-ḥājah tanzil manzilat al-ḍarūra. These maxims are predominantly applied within sectors characterized by high transactional complexity, particularly Islamic banking, Islamic capital markets, and modern financial industries. The findings indicate that necessity-based maxims no longer function solely as exceptional mechanisms in classical Islamic jurisprudence but have evolved into methodological tools for adapting Islamic law to the dynamics of modern economic systems. This study contributes to the theoretical discourse on Islamic legal methodology by highlighting the strategic role of qawāʿid fiqhiyyah in the evolution of contemporary fiqh al-muʿāmalāt
THE TASALUH, TANAZUL, AND TAKHĀRUJ MODELS IN THE INHERITANCE PRACTICES OF MADURESE CLERICAL FAMILIES IN MADURA A Mufti Khazin; Ahmad Musadad; Tri Pujiati; Ifa Mutitul Choiroh; Moh. Hatta; Baihaqi Baihaqi
JURNAL HAKAM Vol 10, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jhi.v10i2.14669

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of tasāluh, tanāzul, and takhāruj in inheritance settlement within the family of the late Kiai Haji AMM in Panaan Village, Palengaan, Pamekasan, Madura. The research addresses a theoretical tension between the textual-mathematical normativity of faraid and socio-cultural realities that prioritize deliberation and familial harmony. Employing a qualitative case study design within a socio-legal framework, the study integrates in-depth interviews, participant observation, inheritance agreement documentation, and analysis of classical Islamic inheritance jurisprudence alongside maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah theory. The findings demonstrate that faraid remains the acknowledged normative baseline; however, its application is mediated through tasāluh grounded in mutual consent (‘an tarāḍin). Tanāzul and takhāruj operate as flexible redistributive instruments that are jurisprudentially valid and socially adaptive. From a maqāṣid perspective, the practice safeguards not only ḥifẓ al-māl (protection of property) but also ḥifẓ al-‘ird and ḥifẓ al-ukhuwwah (protection of dignity and fraternity), thereby fostering substantive justice and preventing intra-family conflict. The study formulates a “Consensual-Religious Inheritance Model of Madura,” integrating textual normativity, moral authority of religious leaders, and relational justice. These findings contribute to strengthening mediation-based inheritance mechanisms within Indonesian Islamic family law and advancing contemporary discourse on living fiqh grounded in local socio-religious wisdom.
Co-Authors Ahmad Musadad Ahmad Musadad Baihaqi Baihaqi Dimas Achmada Zakki, Hamida Wahyuni Hafild, Azka Nafilah, Ifa Mutitul Choiroh Misno Misno Moh. Hatta Shofiyun Nahidloh Tri Pujiati Tri Pujiati