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The integration of artificial intelligence in water conservation: A systematic literature review and thematic analysis Ali Nurdin; Rian Dwicahya Supriatman; Maulana Sidiq; Nana Yudi Permana
Interdisciplinary International Journal of Conservation and Culture Vol 4 No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Galuh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25157/iijcc.v4i1.6033

Abstract

Water scarcity and mismanagement represent critical global challenges exacerbated by climate change and rapid urbanization. In response, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have emerged as pivotal technologies optimizing equitable water distribution, real-time monitoring, and sustainable conservation strategies. This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on the PRISMA guidelines to synthesize the current landscape of computational AI applications targeting water conservation. From an initial identification of 1,449 records gathered from the Scopus database, stringent inclusion criteria filtered specifically for English publications within the Computer Science structural domain spanning the years 2015-2025. This uncompromising filtration yielded exactly 19 empirical, high-impact peer-reviewed articles for qualitative synthesis. A robust thematic analysis reveals three primary domains mapping this niche research architecture: (1) Precision Agriculture and Smart Irrigation Systems leveraging IoT, (2) Predictive Modeling and Real-time Grid Monitoring for urban leakages, and (3) Water Quality and Biodiversity Modeling. Finally, this review highlights critical future research directions, including the demand for explainable AI (XAI) models in hydrology, resolving data privacy and sparse data scenarios using federated learning, and integrating extreme-event climate indices into dynamic resource planning algorithms.
Global Trends in Water Conservation and Sustainability: A Bibliometric Analysis ALI NURDIN; Benidzar M Andrie; Saepul Aziz
Interdisciplinary International Journal of Conservation and Culture Vol 4 No 2 (2026): October 2026
Publisher : Universitas Galuh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25157/iijcc.v4i2.6034

Abstract

Water conservation and sustainability have emerged as critical pillars of global environmental policy in response to escalating freshwater scarcity. The growing urgency of Sustainable Development Goal 6 has catalyzed a surge of interdisciplinary research spanning desalination, wastewater treatment, and digital monitoring technologies. This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 19,740 scholarly records retrieved from the Scopus database, covering publications from 1941 to 2026 with a primary analytical focus on the 2021–2025 period. Using computational metadata extraction, keyword co-occurrence analysis, and thematic density mapping, we identify dominant research clusters, prolific contributors, and emerging thematic trajectories. The findings reveal that scientific production has grown by 32.9% in 2025 alone, with “Sustainability” (396 occurrences), “Water Reuse” (316), and “Wastewater Treatment” (282) as the most prominent author keywords. A total of 50,140 unique authors contributed across 5,989 distinct sources, accumulating 579,615 citations with an average of 29.36 citations per document. China, the United States, and India together dominate over 60% of the global output. The keyword co-occurrence matrix uncovers a tightly integrated nexus between wastewater treatment, desalination, and climate change adaptation. This paper synthesizes the current state of the art and highlights emerging digital trends—including smart water grids and geotechnological monitoring—as critical future research directions.