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All Journal Journal of Islamic Law and Wisdom Contemporary Islamic Law and Legal Issue
M. Azam Rahmatullah
Al-Azhar University
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Prospects for Artificial Intelligence Integration in the Transformation of Indonesia’s Legal Ecosystem Ahmad Faiz Shobir Alfikri; Maziya Rahma Wahda; Ahmad Zulfi Wahyudi; M. Azam Rahmatullah
Contemporary Islamic Law and Legal Issue Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Presscience

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63120/islamiclegalissue.v1i2.120

Abstract

The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in the legal sector has driven a significant transformation in Indonesia’s legal ecosystem. This study addresses three research questions: (1) How has AI been adopted within Indonesia’s legal sector, and what forms does this adoption take? (2) What potential does AI hold for strengthening legal research, the legal profession, and judicial administration? (3) What regulatory framework is urgently required to govern AI use in Indonesia’s legal context, and how does it compare with existing international models? Employing a normative legal research methodology with conceptual and statutory approaches, this study conducts a prescriptive analysis of primary legal materials (statutes and regulations), secondary sources (academic literature and case studies), and comparative regulatory models, including the European Union’s AI Act. The findings reveal that AI adoption in Indonesia’s legal sector has progressed through private-sector platforms: Legal Hero, Legal Pro, and Allex, and through judicial innovation via the Supreme Court’s Smart Majelis system. While these developments demonstrate measurable efficiency gains, critical regulatory issues persist: no Indonesian statute directly governs AI’s specific characteristics, creating risks of algorithmic bias, erosion of judicial independence, opacity in decision-making, and data privacy violations. This study argues that Indonesia must adopt a risk-tiered, comprehensive AI regulatory framework, drawing on lessons from the EU AI Act while adapting to Indonesia’s socio-legal context, to ensure that AI strengthens rather than undermines the integrity of the national legal system.
Dari Ultra Petita ke Ex Officio: Reorientasi Kewenangan Hakim dalam Penetapan Hadhanah Pasca SEMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2025 Ahmad Faiz Shobir Alfikri; Maziya Rahma Wahda; Ahmad Zulfi Wahyudi; M. Azam Rahmatullah
Journal of Islamic Law and Wisdom Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Hukum Islam - UIN Bukittinggi

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Abstract

For a decade, the Supreme Court, through SEMA No. 3 of 2015 and SEMA No. 3 of 2018, consistently prohibited judges from granting custody ex officio and classified such rulings as ultra petita. SEMA No. 1 of 2025 subsequently reversed this policy by legitimizing judges' ex officio authority in custody determinations. This study aims to analyse this policy transformation and examine the shift in paradigm from procedural justice to substantive justice. Using a normative legal research method with legislative and conceptual approaches, this study concludes that the regulatory trajectory of child custody in Indonesia has been shaped by a transformative shift in judicial policy, from ultra petita to ex officio. Formally, SEMA No. 1 of 2025 derives its binding force from Article 8 of Law No. 12 of 2011 and Article 79 of the Supreme Court Law, while its substantive legitimacy is grounded in the Child Protection Law and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Furthermore, SEMA No. 1 of 2025 reflects a fundamental paradigm shift from procedural justice to substantive justice, with the principle of the best interests of the child serving as the operational legal norm that legitimizes the active-protective judge model within Indonesian religious courts.
Co-Authors Ahmad Faiz Shobir Alfikri Ahmad Zulfi Wahyudi Maziya Rahma Wahda