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All Journal Jurnal Bimas Islam An Najah (Jurnal Pendidikan Islam dan Sosial Keagamaan) ATHLA: Journal of Arabic Teaching, Linguistic, And Literature
Hasan Syukur
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Religion Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Kontekstualisasi Ucapan Salam Kepada Non-Muslim: Kajian Hadis dan Implikasinya dalam Komunikasi Lintas Agama di Era Kontemporer Hasan Syukur; Nasrulloh Nasrulloh; Moch Nasiruddin
An Najah (Jurnal Pendidikan Islam dan Sosial Keagamaan) Vol. 5 No. 4: Juli 2026
Publisher : Najah Bestari

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Abstract

Artikel ini mengkaji hukum dan etika ucapan salam kepada non-Muslim dalam perspektif hadis Nabi Muhammad SAW. serta implikasinya bagi komunikasi lintas agama di era kontemporer. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) yang bersumber dari hadis-hadis sahih, kitab-kitab syarah hadis klasik, dan literatur akademik kontemporer yang relevan. Melalui analisis takhrij hadis, kajian sanad dan matan, serta pendekatan hermeneutika kontekstual, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa larangan memulai salam kepada non-Muslim yang tersurat dalam hadis riwayat Muslim memerlukan pemahaman kontekstual yang komprehensif. Ulama klasik dan kontemporer menunjukkan variasi ijtihad yang signifikan: sebagian mempertahankan larangan tekstual, sementara sebagian lain membolehkan dengan pertimbangan maslahat dan hubungan sosial. Kajian terhadap fatwa-fatwa kontemporer dan diskursus fiqh minoritas-mayoritas memperlihatkan bahwa kontroversi salam lintas agama masih menjadi perdebatan aktual hingga saat ini, sebagaimana tercermin dalam beda pandangan Majelis Ulama Indonesia dan Kementerian Agama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan salam alternatif yang inklusif tidak bertentangan dengan ruh ajaran Islam, bahkan sejalan dengan maqashid al-syariah dalam memelihara hubungan sosial (hifzh al-nafs dan hifzh al-din). Implikasi penelitian ini mencakup panduan praktis komunikasi Islam dalam konteks multikultural serta penguatan moderasi beragama di lembaga pendidikan Islam.
Negara, Ulama, dan Umat dalam Kontestasi Otoritas: Genealogi dan Legitimasi Penentuan Hari Raya Islam Kontemporer: The State, Ulama, or Ummah? : The Genealogy of Authority and The Problem of Legitimacy in Determining Religious Holidays in Contemporary Islam Hasan Syukur; M. Zainuddin; Al Lastu Nurul Fatim; Ilham Fachmuroji
Jurnal Bimas Islam Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Bimas Islam
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Bimbingan Masyarakat Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37302/jbi.v19i1.1709

Abstract

In Indonesia, the determination of Islamic holidays remains a controversial issue that goes beyond methodological debates between hisab and rukyat. This study aims to analyze: (1) the genealogy of authority regarding the determination of holidays in Islamic tradition; (2) the legitimacy of key actors—the state, religious scholars, and Muslim communities—in contemporary Islam; and (3) the structural factors driving the fragmentation of authority. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing a critical literature design for the review and analysis of critical documents through a sociological-phenomenological approach. The analysis employs Max Weber’s typology and Michel Foucault’s genealogy to trace the historical production of religious authority and map the positions of each actor. The results of this study indicate that religious authority for determining holidays is historically constructed, never monolithic, and always contested. While Muslim communities increasingly demonstrate religious autonomy, the state claims rational-legal legitimacy through isbat hearings, and religious scholars and organizations maintain epistemic-traditional legitimacy. The fragmentation of authority is a feature of modern Islam, which demands adaptive dialogue rather than unification. This study employs only a qualitative methodology based on document review and analysis. Furthermore, the findings cannot be generalized as they are limited to the Indonesian context. Consequently, additional research is needed to expand the data and broaden the scope of the analysis.
Cognitive Level Mapping of Indonesian Arabic Olympiad Questions: A Bloom's Taxonomy Analysis Muhammad Khozinul Asror; Hosita Laili Rahma; Hasan Syukur; Hanik Mahliatussikah
ATHLA : Journal of Arabic Teaching, Linguistic and Literature Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/athla.v7i1.13918

Abstract

Competency-based assessment requires test items capable of measuring higher-order thinking skills; however, the cognitive quality of test items in academic competitions, particularly the Arabic Language Olympiad, has not yet been sufficiently explored empirically. This study aims to examine the distribution of cognitive levels of questions in the 2023 National Arabic Language Olympiad for Madrasah Aliyah based on Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy. This study employs a qualitative approach using content analysis on 100 multiple-choice items. Data collection was conducted through documentation of the official competition questions; subsequently, each question item was analyzed and classified into the six cognitive levels of the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, ranging from remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, to creating, by two coders to ensure the reliability of the analysis results. The results of the study show that 53% of the questions fall into the Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) category, which includes C1–C3, while 47% fall into the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) category, which includes C4–C6; thus, the questions are still dominated by lower-order thinking skills. This finding implies the need to increase the proportion of HOTS questions in the design of the Arabic Language Olympiad’s competitive assessment to foster participants’ critical and analytical thinking skills. This study recommends that test developers pay attention to the balance of cognitive distribution and use the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy as a standard reference in the development of competition questions at the national level.
Co-Authors Al Lastu Nurul Fatim Hosita Laili Rahma Ilham Fachmuroji M. Zainuddin Mahliatussikah , Hanik Moch Nasiruddin Muhammad Khozinul Asror Nasrulloh Nasrulloh