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All Journal Eureka Herba Indonesia Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Eduardo Michael Perez
Department of Oral Biology, Cobija State Hospital, Cobija, Bolivia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology

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Clinical Efficacy of Piper betle L. Nanoemulgel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Muhammad Ashraf; Eduardo Michael Perez
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v6i1.136

Abstract

This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of a Piper betle L. (betel leaf) nanoemulgel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in chronic periodontitis through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Sixty-four patients with Stage III Grade B periodontitis were randomized to P. betle nanoemulgel (5% w/w ethanolic extract standardized to ≥30 mg/g hydroxychavicol; n = 32) or placebo gel (n = 32), applied subgingivally at baseline, week 2, and week 4 as adjuncts to SRP, at a private hospital in Palembang, Indonesia. The nanoemulgel had a mean droplet size of 78.4 ± 12.6 nm, polydispersity index 0.218, zeta potential −32.6 mV, and encapsulation efficiency 87.3%. Primary outcomes were probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival index (GI) at 12 weeks. The intervention group showed significantly greater PPD reduction (−2.58 ± 0.68 vs −1.56 ± 0.74 mm; p < 0.001; Cohen d = 1.43), CAL gain (d = 1.23), BOP reduction (d = 1.12), and GI improvement (d = 1.25). Gingival crevicular fluid TNF-α decreased to 18.4 ± 8.2 versus 28.6 ± 10.4 pg/mL (p < 0.001; d = 1.09). Adverse events were limited to mild transient burning in 12.5% of patients. Piper betle nanoemulgel provided significant adjunctive clinical benefit in chronic periodontitis through anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial mechanisms, supporting its integration into evidence-based herbal periodontal therapy.
Neural Network Versus Stepwise Regression for Forensic Stature Estimation from Percutaneous Tibial Dimensions in South Sumatran Malay Adults Sari Sulistyoningsih; Abu Bakar; Eduardo Michael Perez; Ifah Shandy
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.248

Abstract

Background. Stature estimation from skeletal elements underpins forensic biological profiling and is decisive in disaster victim identification, yet no validated osteometric standard exists for the South Sumatran Malay population. Objective. To develop population-specific stature-estimation equations from percutaneous tibial dimensions and to compare stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) with a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN). Methods. 450 healthy South Sumatran Malay adults (225 male, 225 female) aged 20-50 years were enrolled at CMHC Research Center, and reported per STROBE. Five percutaneous right-tibial dimensions were measured by one certified anthropologist under the Martin and Saller convention (all relative technical errors of measurement below 1.5%), and a stratified 70:30 partition withheld 135 observations for testing. SMLR was compared against a grid-search-optimised 5-64-32-16-1 MLP-ANN. Results. Sexual dimorphism was large for every dimension (Cohen's d 1.42-1.75; all p < 0.001). Percutaneous tibial length was the strongest single predictor (males r = 0.812, 95% CI 0.762-0.852). The calibration-corrected pooled regression reached R2 = 0.742 with RMSE ±4.82 cm, whereas the network reached R2 = 0.914 (95% CI 0.891-0.933) and RMSE ±2.78 cm: ΔR2 = 0.172 (bootstrap 95% CI 0.141-0.203), a 23.2% gain in explained variance and a 42.3% reduction in error that narrows the 95% forensic identification window from ±9.45 cm to ±5.45 cm. Conclusion. These first population-specific, artificial-intelligence-driven standards materially improve the biological profiling of incomplete human remains in Indonesian medicolegal and disaster victim identification practice.
Disproportionate Reporting of Sudden Cardiac Death with Methadone in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS): A Case–Non-Case Study Syaifudin Syaifudin; Iting Shofwati; Eduardo Michael Perez; Muhammad Faiz
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v4i1.371

Abstract

Background. Methadone can prolong cardiac repolarization, but outcome-specific reporting of sudden cardiac death has not, to our knowledge, been evaluated with contemporary data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Objective. To quantify disproportionate reporting of sudden cardiac death with methadone in FAERS and to test its stability across exposure definitions, report clustering, and comparators. Methods. We performed a report-level case–non-case disproportionality analysis of the openFDA Drug Adverse Event API. Methadone exposure was defined by a medicinal-product query and sudden cardiac death by its Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) Preferred Term. Reporting odds ratios (RORs), proportional reporting ratios (PRRs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and Fisher exact tests were calculated. Four sensitivity analyses used harmonized and exact exposure definitions, an identical-signature clustering proxy, and exclusive buprenorphine reports as an active comparator. Results. Among 20,692,690 searchable reports (52,462 mentioning methadone), 89 contained both methadone and sudden cardiac death. The primary ROR was 10.65 (95% CI 8.62–13.14) and the PRR was 10.63 (95% CI 8.61–13.12). Sensitivity RORs ranged from 6.82 to 9.29; every lower 95% CI bound exceeded 1. Fifty-six reports carried duplicate-related metadata, and 57 unique clinical signatures were identified. Conclusion. Methadone and sudden cardiac death showed a consistent signal of disproportionate reporting in FAERS across exposure, clustering, and comparator assumptions. The signal supports focused pharmacovigilance and case review but does not estimate incidence, establish causality, or determine the cause of an individual death.
Co-Authors Abu Bakar Ifah Shandy Iting Shofwati Muhammad Ashraf Muhammad Faiz Sari Sulistyoningsih Syaifudin Syaifudin Syaifudin Syaifudin