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All Journal Eureka Herba Indonesia Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Eduardo Michael Perez
Department of Oral Biology, Cobija State Hospital, Cobija, Bolivia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology

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Clinical Efficacy of Piper betle L. Nanoemulgel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Muhammad Ashraf; Eduardo Michael Perez
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v6i1.136

Abstract

This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of a Piper betle L. (betel leaf) nanoemulgel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in chronic periodontitis through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Sixty-four patients with Stage III Grade B periodontitis were randomized to P. betle nanoemulgel (5% w/w ethanolic extract standardized to ≥30 mg/g hydroxychavicol; n = 32) or placebo gel (n = 32), applied subgingivally at baseline, week 2, and week 4 as adjuncts to SRP, at a private hospital in Palembang, Indonesia. The nanoemulgel had a mean droplet size of 78.4 ± 12.6 nm, polydispersity index 0.218, zeta potential −32.6 mV, and encapsulation efficiency 87.3%. Primary outcomes were probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival index (GI) at 12 weeks. The intervention group showed significantly greater PPD reduction (−2.58 ± 0.68 vs −1.56 ± 0.74 mm; p < 0.001; Cohen d = 1.43), CAL gain (d = 1.23), BOP reduction (d = 1.12), and GI improvement (d = 1.25). Gingival crevicular fluid TNF-α decreased to 18.4 ± 8.2 versus 28.6 ± 10.4 pg/mL (p < 0.001; d = 1.09). Adverse events were limited to mild transient burning in 12.5% of patients. Piper betle nanoemulgel provided significant adjunctive clinical benefit in chronic periodontitis through anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial mechanisms, supporting its integration into evidence-based herbal periodontal therapy.
Neural Network Versus Stepwise Regression for Forensic Stature Estimation from Percutaneous Tibial Dimensions in South Sumatran Malay Adults Sari Sulistyoningsih; Abu Bakar; Eduardo Michael Perez; Ifah Shandy
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.248

Abstract

Introduction: Stature estimation from skeletal elements underpins forensic biological profiling and is decisive in disaster victim identification, yet no validated osteometric standard exists for the South Sumatran Malay population, and stepwise regression assumes a linearity that skeletal growth biology does not obey. Methods: 450 healthy South Sumatran Malay adults (225 male, 225 female) aged 20-50 years were enrolled at CMHC Research Center, Palembang, and reported per STROBE. Five percutaneous right-tibial dimensions were measured by one certified anthropologist under the Martin and Saller convention (all relative technical errors of measurement below 1.5%), and a stratified 70:30 partition withheld 135 observations for testing. Stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) was compared against a grid-search-optimised 5-64-32-16-1 multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN). Results: Sexual dimorphism was large for every dimension (Cohen's d 1.42-1.75; all p < 0.001). Percutaneous tibial length was the strongest single predictor (males r = 0.812, 95% CI 0.762-0.852). The calibration-corrected pooled regression reached R2 = 0.742 with RMSE ±4.82 cm, whereas the network reached R2 = 0.914 (95% CI 0.891-0.933) and RMSE ±2.78 cm — ΔR2 = 0.172 (bootstrap 95% CI 0.141-0.203), a 23.2% gain in explained variance and a 42.3% reduction in error that narrows the 95% forensic identification window from ±9.45 cm to ±5.45 cm. Conclusion: These first population-specific, artificial-intelligence-driven standards materially improve the biological profiling of incomplete human remains in Indonesian medicolegal and disaster victim identification practice.
Discrepancy Between Dental Age Estimation and Stated Age in Child Marriage Dispensation Requests: A Multivariate Forensic Odontology Study in Indonesian Religious Courts Syaifudin Syaifudin; Iting Shofwati; Eduardo Michael Perez; Muhammad Faiz
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v4i1.255

Abstract

Introduction: Age misrepresentation in child marriage dispensation petitions represents a critical yet underexamined medicolegal challenge in Indonesia, where civil registration deficits disproportionately affect rural communities and create conditions in which biological age and administrative age may diverge substantially. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the magnitude and determinants of age discrepancy between forensic dental age estimation and stated civil age among 148 petitioners referred for odontological evaluation at Religious Courts in Province X between January 2020 and December 2023. Dental age was estimated from panoramic radiographs using the Demirjian seven-tooth staging method for the mandibular dentition, supplemented by the modified Kötteles classification for third molar root development. Results: Inter-rater agreement between two calibrated forensic odontologists was excellent (ICC=0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.94). Age overstatement — defined as the stated age exceeding the estimated dental age by more than one year — was identified in 52 cases (35.1%), while concordance was observed in 96 cases (64.9%); no case of understatement was recorded. On multivariate binary logistic regression adjusting for sex, petition reason, and stated age, rural residence (OR=2.14, 95% CI 1.06–4.33, p=0.035) and a court-granted dispensation decision (OR=2.60, 95% CI 1.31–5.16, p=0.008) were independently associated with age overstatement. Conclusion: Forensic odontological evaluation identified clinically significant age discrepancies in over one-third of cases, underscoring the inadequacy of civil documentation as the sole arbiter of age eligibility in marriage dispensation proceedings. Systematic integration of standardised dental age estimation into the judicial framework for dispensation adjudication in Indonesia is recommended.
Co-Authors Abu Bakar Ifah Shandy Iting Shofwati Muhammad Ashraf Muhammad Faiz Sari Sulistyoningsih Syaifudin Syaifudin