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All Journal Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis QOSIM: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial & Humaniora
Nur Mutmainnah
Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Kedudukan MPR dalam Struktur Ketatanegaraan Indonesia Nur Mutmainnah; Eka Turkiani; Erham
Jurnal QOSIM : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial & Humaniora Vol 4 No 3 (2026): 2026
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/jq.v4i3.7589

Abstract

Kedudukan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR) dalam struktur ketatanegaraan Indonesia mengalami perubahan yang signifikan setelah amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Sebelum amandemen, MPR merupakan lembaga tertinggi negara yang melaksanakan kedaulatan rakyat sepenuhnya. Namun, setelah amandemen UUD 1945, MPR direposisi menjadi lembaga negara yang sederajat dengan lembaga negara lainnya berdasarkan prinsip supremasi konstitusi dan checks and balances. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan MPR dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia serta mengkaji implikasi perubahan kedudukannya pasca amandemen UUD 1945. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa amandemen UUD 1945 telah mengubah MPR dari lembaga tertinggi negara menjadi lembaga konstitusional dengan kewenangan yang lebih terbatas, terutama dalam perubahan konstitusi, pelantikan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, serta pemberhentian Presiden sesuai mekanisme konstitusi. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat berbagai problematika ketatanegaraan, seperti ketidakjelasan posisi kelembagaan MPR, perdebatan mengenai penghidupan kembali haluan negara, serta efektivitas peran MPR dalam sistem presidensial. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan fungsi konstitusional MPR melalui optimalisasi kelembagaan, penguatan budaya konstitusional, dan pengembangan mekanisme checks and balances. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa MPR tetap memiliki kedudukan strategis sebagai lembaga konstitusional dalam menjaga stabilitas demokrasi dan ketatanegaraan Indonesia.
Rekonstruksi Hukum Kontrak Joint Venture dalam Menjamin Keseimbangan Hak dan Kewajiban Para Pihak pada Usaha Penanaman Modal di Indonesia Nur Mutmainnah; Herman; Ahmaddin; Ronis; Ilyas
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 7 No 4 (2026): Tema Hukum Perdata dan Kenotariatan
Publisher : Himpunan Ilmu Hukum dan Ilmu Hukum Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v7i4.3430

Abstract

The increasing investment activities in Indonesia show a growing number of cooperation schemes between domestic and foreign investors in the form of joint venture contracts. In practice, this contract is not merely seen as a business instrument, but also as a legal framework that determines the relationship between the parties in the long term. On the other hand, the complexity of joint venture arrangements often raises issues concerning the balance of rights and obligations between the parties, particularly due to differences in bargaining power. This condition may lead to contractual unfairness if it is not properly regulated within the existing legal system. This study aims to analyze how the reconstruction of joint venture contract law can ensure a balance of rights and obligations between parties in investment activities in Indonesia. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by an analysis of contract law doctrines and joint venture practices in investment agreements. The findings show that the regulation of joint venture contracts in Indonesia has not fully ensured a balanced position between the parties. On the one hand, the principle of freedom of contract provides broad space for parties to determine the content of their agreement. On the other hand, this freedom is often not matched by adequate protection for the weaker party. Moreover, the absence of clear standards governing the allocation of risks, profits, and responsibilities in joint venture contracts further contributes to imbalance in practice. Therefore, a reconstruction of joint venture contract law is needed through strengthening the principle of balance, affirming contractual justice, and harmonizing it with investment law principles. In this way, joint venture contracts will not only serve as business cooperation instruments but also provide fair legal certainty for all parties involved.
Co-Authors Ahmaddin Eka Turkiani Erham Herman Ilyas Ronis