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Diversity of Mangrove Plant Species Used as Food Resources by the Community in Lalombi Village Asnawar Asnawar; Samsurizal M Suleman; Moh Sabran; Musdalifah Nurdin; Vita Indri Febriani; Abd Hakim Laenggeng
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1247-1253

Abstract

Mangroves are distinctive plants that grow in coastal areas, estuaries, river mouths, and sheltered deltas in tropical and subtropical regions. The economic value of mangrove plants lies in their wood and fruit. This study aimed to identify the potential of mangrove plants as food resources in Lalombi Village. The research employed observation, interviews, and questionnaire distribution to local communities. The results revealed that five mangrove species are utilized as food resources, namely Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh., Nypa fruticans Wurmb, Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lamk., Acanthus ilicifolius L., and Sonneratia alba. These species are processed into various food products, including mangrove onde-onde, mangrove syrup, mangrove crackers, mangrove tea, and mangrove dodol. The processing methods involve traditional techniques such as soaking, boiling, filtering, pounding, drying, and packaging. Questionnaire results indicated that the local community possesses a very good level of knowledge and positive perceptions regarding the potential of mangroves as food resources and sources of economic income. Support from the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) was considered beneficial, although challenges remain in terms of technology, marketing, and product legalization. This study recommends the provision of further training, policy support, and the promotion and sustainable development of mangrove-based products to enhance the welfare of coastal communities.
Diversity of Butterfly (Suborder: Rhopalocera) in the Kapopo Grand Forest Park Area, Central Sulawesi Murni Ammalia; Abd Hakim Laenggeng; Manap Trianto; Masrianih Masrianih; Amalia Buntu; Fatmah Dhafir
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1079-1086

Abstract

Butterflies are important components of biodiversity, serving as pollinators and environmental bioindicators. This study aimed to assess butterfly diversity (Suborder Rhopalocera) in the Kapopo Grand Forest Park, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using purposive sampling across three observation stations representing high-vegetation, low-vegetation, and riverine habitats. Data were collected through field surveys conducted during morning and afternoon observation periods, and species were identified based on morphological characteristics. Species diversity was analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener diversity index. A total of 26 butterfly species belonging to three families Nymphalidae, Pieridae, and Papilionidae were recorded, comprising 323 individuals. Nymphalidae was the most species-rich family with 13 species, followed by Pieridae (7 species) and Papilionidae (6 species). The Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H') was 1.5, indicating a moderate level of species diversity (1 <= H' <= 3). This result suggests that habitat conditions within the Kapopo Grand Forest Park remain relatively stable and suitable for sustaining butterfly populations. Variations in habitat characteristics among observation stations, particularly differences in vegetation structure and levels of human disturbance, influenced the distribution and abundance of butterfly species throughout the study area.
Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Flour Addition on Iron (Fe) and Vitamin A Levels of Crackers as a Healthy Snack Suriyanti Suriyanti; Abd Hakim Laenggeng; Musdalifah Nurdin; Masrianih Masrianih; I Nengah Kundera; Yulia Windarsih
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1213-1221

Abstract

Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf crackers are an innovative food product that can be utilized as a nutritious snack. Moringa is widely recognized as a superfood due to its high nutritional value, including proteins, vitamins, and minerals that provide various health benefits. In the context of improving community dietary patterns, these crackers may serve as a healthier snack alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation in increasing the iron (Fe) and vitamin A contents of crackers as a healthy snack alternative. The analyses were conducted using a spectrophotometric method with standard calibration curves to determine iron and vitamin A concentrations. The treatments consisted of different concentrations of Moringa leaf powder: 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. The results showed that the addition of Moringa leaf powder significantly increased the iron content, from 0.67 mg/100 g in the control treatment to 3.05 mg/100 g at the highest concentration. Vitamin A content also increased with increasing levels of Moringa leaf supplementation, although the trend was not entirely linear due to the effects of processing on compound stability. The standard calibration curves demonstrated a linear relationship between concentration and absorbance, indicating that the analytical method was valid. These findings suggest that the incorporation of Moringa oleifera leaf powder effectively enhances the nutritional quality of crackers, particularly in terms of iron and vitamin A content, making them a promising healthy snack option.