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All Journal Unes Law Review Jurist-Diction
Meita Debi Riyanti
Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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Between Individuals and Groups: Normative Ambiguity In Indonesia’s Forestry Partnership Regulation Astrid Amidiaputri Hasyyati; Heppy Hyma Puspytasari; Meita Debi Riyanti
Jurist-Diction Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Volume 9 No. 2, Mei 2026
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jd.v9i2.85332

Abstract

Social Forestry is a strategic program of the Indonesian Government aimed at promoting equitable forest management, as regulated under Government Regulation Number 23 of 2021 on Forestry Administration. One of its implementation schemes is Forestry Partnership, further governed by Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number 9 of 2021. Despite its objective of providing legal access for communities to utilize forest areas, the regulation contains normative ambiguity. Article 45 paragraph (3) of the Regulation designates individuals as the subjects of Forestry Partnership approval while simultaneously requiring the formation of groups. This provision is problematic, as the definition of “individuals” under Article 1 point 34 is conceptually distinct from “groups” as defined in Article 1 point 41. This inconsistency has the potential to generate legal uncertainty and administrative obstacles in practical implementation. This study employs normative legal research methods using statutory and conceptual approaches, with normative analysis conducted through extensive interpretation. The findings indicate the need for clearer normative formulation to ensure legal certainty and enhance the effectiveness of Forestry Partnership implementation.
Kebaruan Klausula Force Majeure Dalam Kontrak Bisnis Pasca Pandemi Ditinjau dari Hukum Perdata Indonesia Felicia Woen; Meita Debi Riyanti
UNES Law Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/agry5b61

Abstract

Klausula force majeure dalam kontrak bisnis mengatur mengenai keadaan memaksa diluar kemampuan kreditur dan debitur. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 terjadi banyak kasus wanprestasi, pembatalan kontrak bisnis, hingga ke pengadilan dengan alasan pandemi Covid-19 sebagai force majeure, seperti Putusan Nomor 11/Pdt.G/2021/PN Mrt, Putusan Nomor 629/Pdt.G/2020/PN JKT.SEL, juga Putusan Nomor 1147 K/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2024. Umumnya klausula force majeure hanya mengatur mengenai bencana alam, tetapi ketika pandemi Covid-19 terdapat perluasan makna force majeure karena pandemi sebagai bencana nonalam termasuk ke dalam force majeure. Selain itu, perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat pasca pandemi membuat perlu adanya kebaruan klausula force majeure. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kebaruan klausula force majeure pasca pandemi untuk diatur dalam kontrak bisnis. Metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan konseptual serta bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Kebaruan klausula force majeure dalam kontrak bisnis pasca pandemi adalah perlu diatur mengenai bencana alam, bencana nonalam, dan bencana sosial (UU No 24 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanggulangan Bencana), sehingga kebaruan klausula force majeure di kontrak bisnis pada pasca pandemi guna memberi perlindungan dan kepastian hukum yang lebih kuat bagi para pihak.
Co-Authors Astrid Amidiaputri Hasyyati Felicia Woen Heppy Hyma Puspytasari