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All Journal Fundamental and Applied Research in Medicine and Allied Sciences Indonesia
Nur Masyithah Zamruddin
Universitas Mulawarman, Indonesia

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Formulation Study and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Natural Polymer-Based Dissolving Microneedles for Model Vaccine Delivery Emma Jayanti Besan; Muhammad Nurul Fadel; Nur Masyithah Zamruddin; Dara Sukma Ratmelya; Yuneka Saristiana
Fundamental and Applied Research in Medicine and Allied Sciences Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): May, 2026
Publisher : CV. Get Press Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69855/farmasi.v2i1.524

Abstract

Dissolving microneedle (DMN) arrays made from biocompatible natural polymers offer a promising transdermal vaccine delivery system that can reduce pain, eliminate cold-chain dependence, and minimize the need for trained healthcare workers compared to conventional injections. This study aimed to formulate and characterize natural polymer-based DMNs containing ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen and evaluate their immunogenicity in mice. DMNs (F1–F5) were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30), and hyaluronic acid (HA) at different concentrations through spin-casting into PDMS molds. The formulations were evaluated for morphology, mechanical strength, dissolution time, encapsulation efficiency, antigen release, and immunogenicity in BALB/c mice. The optimized formulation (F4; PVA 15%, PVP K30 10%, HA 1%) showed needle heights of 544.9 ± 15.1 µm, mechanical strength of 0.52 ± 0.04 N/needle, complete dissolution within 15 minutes, and encapsulation efficiency of 94.8 ± 1.8%. Immunogenicity testing demonstrated IgG titers comparable to subcutaneous injection controls. These findings indicate that natural polymer-based DMNs are a promising needle-free and patient-friendly vaccine delivery platform.
Formulation and Characterization of Curcumin-Loaded Microsponge Gel for Controlled Release and Enhanced Stability in Topical Antioxidant Therapy Emma Jayanti Besan; Muhammad Nurul Fadel; Nur Masyithah Zamruddin; Husnunnisa; Cut Intan Annisa Puteri
Fundamental and Applied Research in Medicine and Allied Sciences Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): May, 2026
Publisher : CV. Get Press Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69855/farmasi.v2i1.543

Abstract

Curcumin possesses strong antioxidant and photoprotective activities, but its poor aqueous solubility, limited skin penetration, and high photoinstability restrict topical efficacy. This study developed curcumin-loaded microsponges using Eudragit RS100 by the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. The optimized formulation (MS-F5) showed high encapsulation efficiency (91.7 ± 1.6%), porosity (61.3 ± 2.8%), positive zeta potential (+28.3 ± 2.1 mV), and sustained 24-h drug release following Higuchi kinetics (R² = 0.9952). Incorporated into a 2% Carbopol gel, MS-F5 significantly enhanced skin permeation (2.89-fold), epidermal retention (3.52-fold), antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ 12.4 ± 0.8 vs. 18.7 ± 1.2 µg/mL), and photostability (72.4% vs. 18.3%) compared with plain curcumin gel (p < 0.05). Stability studies following ICH Q1A(R2) and Q1B guidelines confirmed acceptable physicochemical and microbiological stability over six months. These findings demonstrate that microsponge technology improves curcumin stability, controlled release, skin delivery, and antioxidant performance, highlighting its potential for dermatological and cosmeceutical applications.
Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Ethanolic Extract from Moringa oleifera (Moringa) Leaves Cultivated in the Drylands of East Nusa Tenggara against Staphylococcus aureus Dinda Sari Utami; Nur Masyithah Zamruddin; Nanti Hasani
Fundamental and Applied Research in Medicine and Allied Sciences Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): November, 2026
Publisher : CV. Get Press Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69855/farmasi.v2i2.649

Abstract

Moringa oleifera Lam. is widely cultivated in semi-arid regions such as East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia, where dryland stress may enhance the accumulation of bioactive secondary metabolites. This study aimed to characterize the phytochemical profile and antibacterial activity of 96% ethanolic leaf extract of M. oleifera grown in NTT drylands against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Leaves were extracted by maceration, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening and antibacterial testing using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method at concentrations of 10–100% (w/v). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution. The extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and phenolics. Antibacterial activity increased with extract concentration, reaching a mean inhibition zone of 21.4 ± 0.83 mm at 100% (w/v), classified as strong activity, with an MIC of 12.5% (w/v). These findings indicate that dryland-grown M. oleifera leaves from NTT contain diverse phytochemicals and exhibit strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, supporting their potential as a natural antibacterial agent.
Co-Authors Dara Sukma Ratmelya Dinda Sari Utami Emma Jayanti Besan Husnunnisa Muhammad Nurul Fadel Nanti Hasani Puteri, Cut Intan Annisa Yuneka Saristiana