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All Journal Jurnal Cakrawala Promkes Prisma Sains: Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram
Nur Khamidah
Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Mathematics Physics Public Health Other

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The Influence of Zinc Supplementation on Improving Learning Concentration and Hemoglobin Levels in Anemic Adolescent Girls at Junior High School Sukma Sahadewa; Fara Disa Durry; Nur Khamidah; Novia Restu Windayani
Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram Vol. 13 No. 3: July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/j-ps.v13i3.16399

Abstract

Mild to moderate anemia impairs cognitive performance and academic engagement among adolescent girls, yet school-based nutrition programs in Indonesia focus largely on iron and vitamin A. This study evaluated whether a focused 30-day regimen of 20 mg/day zinc could improve both hemoglobin concentration and attention, as measured by the Stroop Color–Word Test, in 30 junior high school girls with baseline hemoglobin < 12 g/dL. Following daily supplementation, mean hemoglobin rose from 10.6 ± 0.5 g/dL to 12.4 ± 0.4 g/dL (Δ = 1.8 g/dL, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 3.86), fully eliminating moderate anemia in this cohort. Stroop scores increased from 61.2 ± 5.3 to 75.8 ± 4.6 points (Δ = 14.6, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.88), with no students remaining in the lowest concentration category post-intervention. These parallel gains reflect zinc’s dual role in enhancing erythropoiesis improving cerebral oxygen delivery and modulating neurotransmission via NMDA/GABA balance and BDNF upregulation. Effect sizes exceed those typically reported for iron-only or broader micronutrient interventions. Findings support integrating a one-month zinc supplement into Indonesian school-health protocols to rapidly correct anemia and bolster cognitive readiness for learning.
Screen time and behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problems among elementary school children in the context of the “brain rot” phenomenon I Wayan Rajendra Jade Prabaswara; Ayling Sanjaya; Nur Khamidah; Wahyuni Dyah Parmasari
Jurnal Cakrawala Promkes Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jcp.v8i2.16528

Abstract

The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed the daily activities of elementary school children. Excessive screen time may be associated with reduced attention and cognitive engagement, with potential implications for behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional well-being. This study examined the association between screen time and indicators of behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problems among elementary school children. An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at a public elementary school in Surabaya, Indonesia, involving 147 children selected using stratified one-stage cluster sampling. Screen time was assessed with a questionnaire, and behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problems were measured with the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17). Associations were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Of the participants, 120 (81.6%) owned a personal mobile phone. One hundred children (68.0%) reported screen time of less than two hours per day, while 47 (32.0%) reported two hours or more per day. Higher screen time was significantly associated with internalizing, attention, and externalizing problems, as well as overall PSC-17 problem indicators (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that greater screen time is associated with a higher prevalence of behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problem indicators among elementary school children. Parental supervision and age-appropriate limits on digital device use may help support children’s mental health and healthy development.
Co-Authors Ayling Sanjaya Fara Disa Durry I Wayan Rajendra Jade Prabaswara Novia Restu Windayani Sukma Sahadewa, Sukma Wahyuni Dyah Parmasari, Wahyuni Dyah