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All Journal INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Epidemiology and Society Health Review (ESHR) Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy
Agil Wahyu Wicaksono
Division Of Biomedical Sciences And Medical Education, Faculty Of Medicine And Nutrition, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Pharmacogenomic of warfarin and its implication on international normalized ratio and dosing: A narrative review Wicaksono, Agil Wahyu; Selma Mutiara Hani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 5 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.4712

Abstract

Genotype is an important factor in warfarin dosing requirements and affects the risk of excess anticoagulant use due to its narrow treatment window, high drug interactions, and frequent bleeding. The CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes have a strong and consistent association with warfarin dose requirements, and the algorithms of dosing incorporating genetic and clinical information are stable warfarin dose predictions. The review article aimed to investigate the association between the genotype of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 and the current relevant dosing recommendations for warfarin in various patients. The secondary purpose was to correlate genotype with the international normalized ratio (INR). It was a narrative review of the most recent reference (observational, trial study, and RCT) on the clinical application of pharmacogenomic testing for warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and its impact on INR over the last 5 yr from the PubMed and SAGEPub databases. Six studies were included in this review and showed how the genetic polymorphisms and dosage responses of different groups differed. Pharmacogenetic algorithms meet non-inferior and superior criteria for reducing dose titration compared to traditional dosing approaches, and predict actual maintenance doses well. Bleeding mostly occurred in the first mo of treatment, with no significant difference in the frequency of total bleeding between groups. Genotype-based dosing of warfarin increased the proportion of time in the therapeutic INR range (% TTR) and reduced the time to reach a therapeutic INR. Administration of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes based on warfarin may be beneficial in patients with atrial fibrillation, mechanical valve replacement, and bleeding prophylaxis for hip or knee arthroplasty. Stable warfarin doses were achieved in statistically more patients in the genotype-targeted group (47%) than in the traditional group (22%).
Infodemiology of Rabies in Indonesia and Neighboring Countries: Insights from Google Trends (2020–2024) Agil Wahyu Wicaksono; Fatiha Kamilah; Dinda Iryawati
Epidemiology and Society Health Review (ESHR) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/eshr.v8i2.16215

Abstract

Background: As Asian countries struggle to meet the global "Zero by 30" rabies target due to delayed and underreported conventional surveillance, digital infodemiology offers a complementary solution. This study analyzes rabies-related Google Trends search interest in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam from 2020 to 2024 to evaluate its utility for public health monitoring and elimination strategies. Method: Google Trends was queried for the term "rabies" across the five countries from January 2020 to December 2024. Monthly normalized scores (0–100) were collected and analyzed descriptively. Trends were examined at monthly and annual levels, including seasonal fluctuations and exceptional peaks. Relative growth between 2020 and 2024 was calculated to identify shifts in long-term public awareness. Results: Thailand consistently demonstrated the highest baseline search interest, while Indonesia remained the lowest despite a dramatic spike in June 2023 (score 100). Seasonal increases were observed in Thailand and Vietnam during the second half of the year, coinciding with agricultural cycles and awareness campaigns. Annual mean scores rose in all countries, with the Philippines showing the largest relative increase (+164%), followed by Indonesia (+110%). Malaysia and Vietnam exhibited moderate growth, while Thailand's increase was more modest (+86%). Conclusion: Rabies awareness in Southeast Asia is highly variable and largely event-driven, highlighting the need for integrated, sustained communication strategies tailored to each country's epidemiological and sociocultural context to support the achievement of the "Zero by 30" elimination goal.
Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor type-II correlates with proliferation activity in tissue microarray of rare ovarian tumor Kiky Martha Ariesaka; Ardhanu Kusumanto; Muhammad Ary Zucha; Nungki Anggorowati; Agil Wahyu Wicaksono; Moch Yunus; Erianto Fanani; Moh Mirza Nuryady
JURNAL INDONESIA DARI ILMU LABORATORIUM MEDIS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Promising and Valuable Research Towards Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Dis
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/ijmlst.v6i2.6034

Abstract

Activation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone type II Receptors (GnRHR-II) exhibits antiproliferative activity. GnRHR-II is not only expressed exclusively in the pituitary, but also in a variety of tumors. To date, the clinical relevance of GnRHR-II in ovarian tumors is unclear. In addition, there is a lack of literature addressing GnRHR-II in ovarian tumors, especially rare types. This study was conducted to investigare the correlation between GnRHR-II expression with clinicopathology and proliferative activity of rare ovarian tumors. The purpose of this study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design that utilized 18 ovarian tumor samples on tissue microarray (TMA). The expression of GnRHR-II and Ki67 was assessed using immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and observed using the IHC profiler plugin ImageJ software to obtain their respective H-scores. The data was analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's test, and Fisher's exact test based on data types. The value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. GnRHR-II is expressed in various forms in ovarian tumors, including extrapituitary expression. GnRHR-II expression was highest in the sex cord stromal tumor (SCST) group, 110.30 ± 23.89 (p<0.0001). In addition, there was also a significant difference between GnRHR-II expression with age (p<0.001) and the primary tumor (p<0.05), but not with tumor type (p=0.101). There is a correlation between GnRHR-II expression and proliferative activity (r=-0.043, p=0.866). Elevated GnRHR-II expression is significantly correlation with SCST, individuals over 40 years of age, and tumors confined to the ovary and it is correlates with lower proliferative activity, although this correlation is very weak.
Co-Authors Ardhanu Kusumanto Arsita Eka Prasetyawati Dinda Iryawati Fanani, Erianto Fatiha Kamilah Kiky Martha Ariesaka Kusmadewi Eka Damayanti Kusmadewi Eka Damayanti Mochammad Yunus, Mochammad Moh. Mirza Nuryady Muhammad Ary Zucha Nungki Anggorowati Selma Mutiara Hani