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All Journal JURNAL SIMETRIK Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir
Sy. Indra Septiansyah
Politeknik Negeri Ketapang
Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Study on TiO2 Extraction from Ilmenite Sand in Ketapang Regency Through Various NaOH Molar Ratios Sy. Indra Septiansyah; Herman; Rahmat Nur Hidayatulloh; Alesya Rahmadita
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 47 No. 1 (2026): MAY 2026
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2026.13619

Abstract

Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is a high-value inorganic material widely used in various industrial sectors, including paints and coatings, cosmetics, and ceramics, as well as in photocatalytic energy and environmental applications. One of the main sources of TiO2 is the mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is abundant in iron sand deposits in Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. However, its use has thus far been limited to raw mining activities without downstream processing, resulting in relatively low economic value added. This study aims to extract TiO2 from Ketapang ilmenite sand through the alkali fusion method using NaOH with molar ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The fusion product (frit) was subsequently washed with distilled water, leached with 37% HCl solution, and precipitated using NH4OH to obtain Ti precipitates, which were then characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Initial characterization revealed that ilmenite sand contained 43.78% TiO2, 27.84% Fe2O3, and 15.34% ZrO2 along with minor amounts of other associated minerals. XRD analysis of the extracted product confirmed the presence of diffraction peaks matching the standard TiO2 pattern, with relative intensity reaching 100% at molar ratios of 1:1 to 1:4. The dominant crystalline phase identified was anatase. Morphological observations by SEM revealed TiO2 particles with nano–submicron crystal structures and rough surfaces characteristic of anatase, while EDX analysis confirmed titanium as the dominant surface element, with an atomic composition up to 90.21%.
IDENTIFIKASI KETERDAPATAN SEBARAN PASIR ZIRKON DI KECAMATAN KENDAWANGAN KABUPATEN KETAPANG Flaminggo Gingga; Desyana Ghafarunnisa; Muh Anhar; Sy. Indra Septiansyah
JURNAL SIMETRIK Vol 16 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Simetrik (Sipil, Mesin, Listrik)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Ambon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31959/js.v16i1.3901

Abstract

Zircon sand (Zr) is widely associated with alluvial deposits, particularly in Ketapang Regency. Despite the considerable zircon resource potential, information regarding its occurrence and spatial distribution at a local scale remains limited. Identifying zircon sand occurrence is therefore essential as an initial step in evaluating and developing Zr resource potential. This study aims to determine the occurrence and analyze the spatial distribution of zircon sand in Kendawangan District, Ketapang Regency. Geologically, the study area is predominantly composed of swampy mud deposits (Qs). The geomorphology consists of two main landform units: Alluvial Plain Unit (Al) covering approximately 65% and Swamp Plain Unit (Dr) covering 35%. A total of 24 boreholes were drilled on a 150 m × 150 m grid over an area of 200 hectares. The subsurface is classified into three layers (A, B, and C), with 1 kg samples collected from each layer. Spatial distribution mapping of Zr was conducted using QGIS with the Inverse Distance Weighting interpolation method. The Zr grade distribution in Layer A is dominated by low to moderate values (6–28 mg), relatively uniform across the study area, indicating low to moderate mineralization potential. In Layer B, Zr grades are predominantly high (39–62 mg) and widely distributed, particularly in the central to southern parts, suggesting higher mineralization potential and better prospectivity for exploration. Layer C exhibits more heterogeneous distribution, with moderate to high grades (28–50 mg) covering most of the area, indicating a fairly favorable mineralization potential. Keywords: Alluvial, Grade, Inverse Distance Weighting, Ketapang Regency, Layer, Spatial, Zircon Sand,
Co-Authors Alesya Rahmadita Desyana Ghafarunnisa Flaminggo Gingga Herman Muh Anhar Rahmat Nur Hidayatulloh