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DILEMA NIKAH SIRI: ANTARA HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF Harry Permana; M. Iqbal Irham; Pagar
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 07 (2026): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v6i07.2119

Abstract

The phenomenon of unregistered marriages is a social reality that still occurs frequently in Indonesia, especially among communities that adhere strongly to religious values. According to Islamic jurisprudence, unregistered marriages are considered valid as long as they fulfill the pillars and requirements, namely a guardian, two witnesses, and a marriage contract (ijab kabul). However, from the perspective of Indonesian positive law, specifically Marriage Law No. 1/1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), the validity of a marriage must be proven by official registration before a Marriage Registrar. This difference creates a legal dilemma: on the one hand, unregistered marriages are recognized religiously, but on the other hand, they have no legal force in the eyes of the state. This gives rise to various social and legal problems such as the lack of legal protection for wives and children, as well as difficulties in obtaining inheritance rights and family legal status. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between unregistered marriages and their validity according to Islamic law and legal certainty according to Indonesian laws and regulations. This study uses a normative-juridical approach with a descriptive-comparative analysis method, namely comparing the provisions of Islamic law with positive law and analyzing their implications. The research results show that unregistered marriages fulfill the requirements for a valid marriage, but they do not guarantee legal certainty and protection because they are not officially registered. This situation creates potential injustice, especially for women and children born from unregistered marriages. Therefore, harmonization of Islamic law and positive law is necessary to ensure legal enforcement without neglecting the legality of the state. Marriage registration is not merely an administrative matter, but an instrument of legal protection that aligns with the principle of benefit in Islamic law.
TRANSAKSI DAN ZAKAT CRYPTOCURRENCY: HARTA DIGITAL PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF DAN FIKIH KONTEMPORER Harry Permana; Muhammad Iqbal Irham; Muhammad Faisal Hamdani
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4164

Abstract

Abstract: The development of digital technology has given birth to various forms of new assets, one of which is cryptocurrency, which is popular as an investment and transaction instrument. This phenomenon raises new challenges in the Islamic legal system, especially the validity of crypto transactions and their zakat obligations. This article discusses crypto as digital assets from the perspective of positive law and contemporary fiqh from the perspective of transactions and zakat obligations. The method used is qualitative research with descriptive-comparative analysis of laws and regulations in Indonesia, as well as contemporary fiqh studies. The results of the study show that in positive law, crypto is recognized as a digital commodity that can be traded on a futures exchange, but is not yet considered a legitimate transaction tool. Meanwhile, in contemporary fiqh, scholars view crypto as assets that have exchange value and can be subject to zakat if they meet the nishab and haul requirements. This study recommends to the Government and MUI about the need for more specific regulations related to crypto zakat and education for the Muslim community so that they can manage digital assets in a sharia and legal manner.Keyword: crypto, transactions, zakat, positive law, contemporary fiqh Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi digital telah melahirkan berbagai bentuk aset baru, salah satunya adalah cryptocurrency (mata uang kripto) yang populer sebagai instrumen investasi dan transaksi. Fenomena ini menimbulkan tantangan baru dalam sistem hukum Islam, khususnya keabsahan transaksi kripto dan kewajiban zakatnya. Artikel ini membahas kripto sebagai harta digital dalam perspektif hukum positif dan fikih kontemporer dari sisi transaksi dan kewajiban zakatnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif-komparatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, serta kajian fikih kontemporer. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa secara hukum positif, kripto diakui sebagai komoditas digital yang dapat diperdagangkan di bursa berjangka, namun belum dianggap sebagai alat transaksi yang sah. Sementara dalam fikih kontemporer, ulama memandang kripto sebagai harta yang memiliki nilai tukar dan dapat dikenakan zakat jika memenuhi syarat nishab dan haul . Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada Pemerintah dan MUI tentang perlunya regulasi yang lebih spesifik terkait zakat kripto serta edukasi kepada masyarakat Muslim agar dapat mengelola aset digital secara syar’i dan legal. Kata kunci: kripto, transaksi, zakat, hukum positif, fikih kontemporer