Siti Istiqomah Nggole
Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo

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Analysis of Senior High School Students’ Misconceptions on Chemical Bonding Using a Three-Tier Diagnostic Test Nur Hairami Idrus; Masrid Pikoli; Erga Kurniawati; Julhim S. Tangio; Mangara Sihaloho; Thayban Thayban; Arviani Arviani; Siti Istiqomah Nggole
Jambura Journal of Educational Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjec.v8i2.37792

Abstract

This study aims to identify the forms and levels of students’ misconceptions on chemical bonding concepts among Grade XI students at MAN 1 Gorontalo City. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a three-tier diagnostic multiple-choice test consisting of 15 items covering the subtopics of basic chemical bonding concepts, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, metallic bonding, Lewis structures, and intermolecular forces. The participants were 72 Grade XI students who had previously studied chemical bonding. Students’ responses were analyzed based on the combination of answers, reasoning, and confidence levels, and then categorized into five conceptual categories: understanding the concept (PK), misconception type 1 (MK1), misconception type 2 (MK2), misconception type 3 (MK3), and lack of concept understanding (TPK). The results show that students’ overall conceptual understanding was relatively high at 82.78%, while the overall level of misconceptions reached 12.97%. The highest misconception was found in the basic concept of chemical bonding (17.36%), followed by ionic bonding (9.72%), covalent bonding (6.48%), intermolecular forces (6.60%), Lewis structures (4.17%), and metallic bonding (3.47%). Among the misconception categories, MK1 was the most dominant (7.50%), followed by MK3 (3.06%) and MK2 (2.41%). These findings indicate that although most students demonstrate a good level of conceptual understanding, misconceptions remain present in several subtopics of chemical bonding. Therefore, instructional strategies that emphasize conceptual clarification and multiple chemical representations are needed to improve students’ understanding of chemical bonding concepts.
STEM-Integrated Problem-Based Learning as a Cognitively Aligned Framework for Enhancing Critical Thinking in Thermochemistry Dea Marsanda Condong; Mangara Sihaloho; Thayban Thayban; Lukman Abdul Rauf Laliyo; Weny J.A. Musa; Erga Kurniawati; Haris Munandar; Siti Istiqomah Nggole
Jambura Journal of Educational Chemistry Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjec.v8i1.37514

Abstract

Developing students’ critical thinking skills remains a major challenge in chemistry education, particularly in thermochemistry, which requires conceptual, symbolic, and quantitative reasoning. While STEM-integrated problem-based learning (PBL–STEM) has gained increasing attention, limited studies have examined how this instructional approach aligns with the cognitive structure of critical thinking. This study investigated the effect of the PBL–STEM model on students’ critical thinking skills in thermochemistry. A quasi-experimental design involving 64 tenth-grade students was employed. Participants were selected using purposive sampling and assigned to an experimental group and a control group. Critical thinking skills were measured using a 20-item essay test based on Facione’s framework. The instrument demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.915) and strong content validity (CVI = 0.93). Data were analyzed using an independent-samples t-test. Results showed a significant difference between groups (t = 4.997, p < 0.05), with the experimental group achieving higher mean scores (M = 80.80) than the control group (M = 65.38). The effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.25) indicates a large instructional impact. These findings suggest that STEM-integrated PBL provides a cognitively aligned framework for fostering critical thinking in chemistry learning.