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Gunawan Gunawan
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Jl. A. Yani Km 36.4, Banjarbaru 70714, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Predicting suitable areas for Baccaurea angulata in Kalimantan, Indonesia using Maxent modelling Gunawan Gunawan; Sulistijorini Sulistijorini; Tatik Chikmawati; Sobir Sobir
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220523

Abstract

Abstract. Gunawan, Sulistijorini, Chikmawati T, Sobir. 2021. Predicting suitable areas for Baccaurea angulata in Kalimantan, Indonesia Using MaxEnt Modelling. Biodiversitas 22: 2646-2653. Baccaurea angulata Merr. or ‘Belimbing Dayak’ is an underutilized fruit indigenous in Kalimantan. This species potentially used as edible fruit and medicinal plant. Unfortunately,  the forest conversion to oil palm and rubber plantations causes decreasing the habitat of B. angulata.  However, little is known about the occurrences and suitable habitat of B. angulata in Kalimantan. This investigation is might be the first study report on predicting the distribution of B. angulata in Kalimantan using MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy). The results show that four variables namely solar radiation in October, altitude,  precipitation of warmest quarter, and gloslope are significant factors determining B.angulata’s suitable habitat. The location of suitable habitat for  B. angulata is accordant with the real present distribution. The extent of potentially suitable area was significantly larger than the present occurrence of B. angulata in Kalimantan. The highest suitable areas identified in this study covered West Kalimantan and South Kalimantan. They included parts of SB (Sambas), LD (Landak), SG (Sanggau), SK (Sekadau) and BK (Bengkayang) of West Kalimantan Provinces, and TL (Tanah Laut), BN (Banjar) of South Kalimantan Provinces. The MaxEnt model performed better than random method with an Area Under Curve (AUC) value of 0.937 and it was statistically significant. It indicated that MaxEnt model was highly accurate and informative for habitat suitability of B. angulata. The predicted model of suitable areas can be used for management, monitoring, cultivation and future conservation of B. angulata.
Modeling potential distribution of Baccaurea macrocarpa in South Kalimantan, Indonesia Gunawan Gunawan; Muhammad Ikhwan Rizki; Olivia Anafarida; Nurul Mahmudah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220816

Abstract

Abstract. Gunawan, Rizki MI, Anafarida O, Mahmudah N. 2021. Modeling potential distribution of Baccaurea macrocarpa in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3230-3236. Baccaurea macrocarpa is fruit tree that has a potential source of food and medicine. However, little is known about the occurrences and potential distribution of B. macrocarpa mainly in South Kalimantan. This study is the first to predict the distribution of B. macrocarpa in South Kalimantan using maximum entropy (MaxEnt). Modeling included 102 occurrence records with 19 bioclimatic variables, solar radiation, altitude, and slope. Temperature, solar radiation, and precipitation were the key environmental factor influencing the distribution of B. macrocarpa. The district of HS (Hulu Sungai Selatan), HT (Hulu Sungai Tengah), HU (Hulu Sungai Utara), BL (Balangan), and TG (Tabalong) were predicted as highly suitable areas (IHS 0.6-1) for this species. The MaxEnt model performed better than the random method with an Area Under Curve (AUC) value of 0.817, indicating that the model is good and informative model for habitat suitability of B. macrocarpa. The predicted model we presented here can help habitat conservation, biodiversity conservation planning and monitoring, and cultivation in the future for B. macrocarpa.
Predicting the current potential geographical distribution of Baccaurea (B. lanceolata and B. motleyana) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia GUNAWAN GUNAWAN; KHOERUL ANWAR; ABDUL GAFUR; RAUDATUL HILALIYAH; AZMIL AQILATUL WARO; NUR HIKMAH; SAKINAH SAKINAH; MUHAMMAD ERWANSYAH; DIAN SUSILAWATI; RATNA DWI LESTARI; DINDA TRIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240232

Abstract

Abstract. Gunawan, Anwar K, Gafur A, Hilaliyah R, Waro AA, Hikmah N, Sakinah, Erwansyah M, Susilawati D, Lestari RD, Triana D. 2023. Predicting the current potential geographical distribution of Baccaurea (B. lanceolata and B. motleyana) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 930-939. Baccaurea lanceolata and B. motleyana are underutilized species of Kalimantan fruit tree but are a potential source of food and medicine. However, little is known about the occurrences and potential geographical distribution of B. lanceolata and B. motleyana. This study aimed to predict the potential geographical distribution of B. lanceolata and B. motleyana using MaxEnt, and understand the key factors which influenced their distribution. In addition to 19 bioclimatic factors, occurrence data for 57 B. lanceolata and 87 B. motleyana were gathered from field surveys. Solar radiation, altitude, and slope were then utilized to estimate the distribution of these species. Jackknife test was used to evaluate the importance of the environmental variables for predictive modeling. The Area Under Curve (AUC) values of B. lanceolata and B. motleyana were 0.927 and 0.851, indicating that the model is a good and informative model for species distribution of these species. The models for B. lanceolata suggest that the distribution is mainly influenced by altitude, temperature seasonality, precipitation of the wettest month, and precipitation of the driest quarter. Temperature, annual range, precipitation of the wettest month, precipitation of the coldest quarter, and solar radiation in July were the key environmental factors influencing the distribution of B. motleyana. The potential geographic distribution of B. lanceolata and B. motleyana can be useful information to help the researcher in restoration and conservation planning.
Ethnobotany and conservation of Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Koesterm.) by Banjar Tribe in South Kalimantan, Indonesia GUNAWAN GUNAWAN; MUHAMAT MUHAMAT; MAGHFIROH MAGHFIROH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250410

Abstract

Abstract. Gunawan, Muhamat, Maghfiroh. 2024. Ethnobotany and conservation of Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Koesterm.) by Banjar Tribe in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1420-1426. Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Koesterm.) is a local fruit and has become the identity flora of South Kalimantan. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of the Banjar tribe community and formulate a conservation strategy for Kasturi as the identity flora of South Kalimantan. Data on ethnobotanical knowledge were collected through interview technique. There were two types of informant: Key informants and additional informants. Key informants were selected through snowball sampling technique while additional informants were selected a combination snowball sampling and purposive sampling technique. The informants in this study have different background: Sex, age, job, marital status, and educational levels. The informants were grouped based on their age: teenagers (10-18 years), adults (19-59 years), and elders (60+ years). Data were analyzed using the formula of Kasturi plant parts usage (F), Fidelity Level (FL). All data collected were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables or diagrams. The Banjar tribe used M. casturi as source of food (63%), building material (32%), and drugs (5%). The parts of the Kasturi plant that are widely used by the community are fruit, which is 58%, stems are 37%, and leaves are 5%. The values of F (the frequency of parts of Kasturi used) observed from the economic use and health aspects of Kasturi include: building materials, food sources, economic and medicine. The value of F for economic use are 12.78%-100% and the value F for health aspect are 5%. The result of Fidelity Level (FL) analysis proves that all age groups had 100% of FL in utilizing fruits of Kasturi as local food source. The FL of Kasturi bark used is described as follows: 51.34% among teenagers, 89.54% among adults, 87.23% among elder as building materials. The FL value of leaf described 5% among elder. Most of the Banjar tribe get Kasturi fruit from plants that grow wild in their yards (42%) and only 6% have planted. The research indicated that M. casturi had high utility value for Banjar tribe. All parts of the plant (fruits, bark, and leaves) were exploited for economic and health. Conservation of Kasturi can be performed by: (i) Network development and collaboration for conservation efforts, (ii) Ex-situ conservation, (iii) Intensification of socialization and publication of Kasturi's uses, and (iv) Environmental education. The result of the study can be used for management conservation of M. casturi to ensure the availability in the future.
Prediction of potential climate change impacts on the geographic distribution shift of Casuarina junghuhniana and C. equisetifolia in Southeast Asia HASNA KHAIRUNNISA; MINI AMBARWATI KUSUMA DEWI; MUHAMMAD AMJAD HAMY FAQIIH; MUHAMMAD REYNALDY PUTRAYUDA; GILANG DWI NUGROHO; MUHAMMAD INDRAWAN; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUNARTO SUNARTO; JATNA SUPRIATNA; ILYAS NURSAMSI; GUNAWAN GUNAWAN; PRAKASH PRADHAN; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241161

Abstract

Abstract. Khairunnisa H, Dewi MAK, Faqiih MAH, Putrayuda MR, Nugroho GD, Indrawan M, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Supriatna J, Nursamsi I, Pradhan P, Setyawan AD. 2024. Prediction of potential climate change impacts on the geographic distribution shift of Casuarina junghuhniana and C. equisetifolia in Southeast Asia. Biodiversitas 23: 6360-6371. Global warming, driven by various anthropogenic activities, leads to an increase in earth’s surface temperatures, exerting a profound influence on global climate patterns. This phenomenon significantly impacts the growth patterns of various plant species, including Casuarina equisetifolia L., commonly known as sea cypress, and Casuarina junghuhniana Miq., referred to as mountain cypress. The primary objective of this study is to assess the potential repercussions of climate change on the distribution of these two species within Southeast Asia. To achieve this goal, the study utilized the MaxEnt modeling approach, incorporating key factors such as bioclimatic conditions, soil characteristics (edaphic factors), and UV radiation levels. Present study considered three distinct time intervals (2030, 2050, and 2080) while exploring four diverse climate change scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5). The findings of this investigation reveal that both C. equisetifolia and C. junghuhniana are susceptible to alterations in the extent of suitable habitat distribution, which result in shifts in their geographic ranges due to evolving climatic conditions. Initially, the habitat distribution encompassed an area of only 652,819 km2, accounting for 15.65% of the suitable habitat for C. equisetifolia, and 30,132 km2, representing 0.7% of the suitable habitat for C. junghuhniana. However, by the year 2080, the habitat range for C. equisetifolia is projected to expand significantly to cover 755,082 km2 (18%) under the RCP 4.5 scenario. In contrast, C. junghuhniana is expected to experience a notable reduction, with its suitable habitat shrinking to 25,332 km2 (0.6%) under the influence of RCP 8.5. Notably, these shifts are characterized by a southeastward migration of C. equisetifolia towards Indonesian Borneo from Malaysian-Indonesian border and an eastward shift of C. junghuhniana towards the east of Sulawesi from the Gulf of Bone. These findings highlight the dynamic nature of species distributions in response to changing climatic conditions, emphasizing the need for proactive conservation efforts and adaptive management strategies to mitigate potential ecological impacts.
Co-Authors ABDUL GAFUR AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN AZMIL AQILATUL WARO DIAN SUSILAWATI DINDA TRIANA GILANG DWI NUGROHO HASNA KHAIRUNNISA ILYAS NURSAMSI JATNA SUPRIATNA KHOERUL ANWAR MAGHFIROH MAGHFIROH MINI AMBARWATI KUSUMA DEWI MUHAMAT MUHAMAT MUHAMMAD INDRAWAN MUHAMMAD AMJAD HAMY FAQIIH MUHAMMAD ERWANSYAH Muhammad Ikhwan Rizki MUHAMMAD REYNALDY PUTRAYUDA NUR HIKMAH Nurul Mahmudah Olivia Anafarida PRAKASH PRADHAN RATNA DWI LESTARI RAUDATUL HILALIYAH SAKINAH SAKINAH Sobir Sobir SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO Sulistijorini Sulistijorini SUNARTO SUNARTO SUTARNO SUTARNO Tatik Chikmawati