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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ITO FERNANDO
Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Occurrence of soil-inhabiting entomopathogenic fungi within a conventional and organic farm and their virulence against Spodoptera litura AMINUDIN AFANDHI; FERY ABDUL CHOLIQ; ITO FERNANDO; YOSEP MINAR ALBERT NANDUS MARPAUNG; YOGO SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230263

Abstract

Abstract. Afandhi A, Choliq FA, Fernando I, Marpaung YMAN, Setiawan Y. 2022. Occurrence of soil-inhabiting entomopathogenic fungi within a conventional and organic farm and their virulence against Spodoptera litura. Biodiversitas 23: 1172-1180. Naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are important components in agroecosystems as they serve as biocontrol agents of insect and mite pests. However, some cultivation practices may have deleterious effects on EPF. In this study, the occurrence of soil-inhabiting EPF was investigated between a conventional and organic farm. EPF was baited using Tenebrio molitor larvae, and their virulence was tested against Spodoptera litura larvae. The results showed a higher occurrence of EPF in the organic farm than the conventional farm, with Aspergillus sp., Beauveria sp., and Gliocladium sp. were exclusively found in organic soils. Among the twenty-five EPF isolates obtained, only four isolates were avirulent against S. litura larvae. Isolates belonging to Beauveria, Metarhizium, and Paecilomyces genera caused high mortality of S. litura larvae ranging from 40 to 65%. There was a significant positive relationship between the conidial viability of EPF and larval mortality. Since virulent isolates were found in conventional soils, efforts in preserving EPF prevalence are needed through the implementation of appropriate cultivation practices. The synthetic agrochemicals exclusion, organic fertilizers application, and crop rotation practiced in the organic farm should be integrated into any other agroecosystems as a form of conservation biological control strategies to strengthen the pest control service provided by EPF.
Ant preference for different types of bait at sugarcane plantations in East Java, Indonesia BAMBANG TRI RAHARDJO; FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD; YOGO SETIAWAN; AKSHA FEBRYADI; MUHAMMAD IHSAN; DENNIS WIBOWO; ITO FERNANDO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240420

Abstract

Abstract. Rahardjo BT, Muhammad FN, Setiawan Y, Febryadi A, Ihsan M, Wibowo D, Fernando I. 2023. Ant preference for different types of bait at sugarcane plantations in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24:2099-2106. The occurrence of ants is important in agroecosystems since they may provide both ecosystem services or disservices depending on the species composition. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the kind of ant species that are present in agroecosystems. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of three types of bait to measure ant abundance and diversity in sugarcane plantations. This research was conducted from July to September 2022 in four locations in East Java, Indonesia, i.e., Karangploso, Kalipare, Gandusari, and Pasirian. At each location, one plot was determined and divided into nine subplots. Ant sampling was conducted using modified pitfall traps that may contain one type of bait or without bait as control treatment. There were three types of assayed bait, i.e., tuna, eggs, and sugar. Nine traps for each treatment were installed in each location. This study obtained 6,650 individual ants from 20 morphospecies, 16 genera, and 4 subfamilies. At each location, species richness and abundance were not significantly different among bait types. However, those variables differed between the bait groups and the control. Tuna and egg baits were preferred by ants, as indicated by the higher number of trapped individuals than in sugar bait and the control traps. The species composition of the different baits was different at all locations except Kalipare. Each ant species had a different preference for the type of bait. Formicine ants preferred sugar bait, while ponerine ants preferred tuna and egg baits. Hence, it can be concluded that the bait type selection needs to be considered for ant monitoring. Therefore, using various types of baits is recommended to monitor the assemblage of ants in an ecosystem.
Abundance of arthropod pests and their natural enemies on cassava fields implementing different agroecosystem management RETNO DYAH PUSPITARINI; ALDY PURWANTORO; VANADYA DECEMBRY ALODYA PRADIFTA; FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD; ITO FERNANDO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250909

Abstract

Abstract. Puspitarini RD, Purwantoro A, Pradifta VDA, Muhammad FN, Fernando I. 2024. Abundance of arthropod pests and their natural enemies on cassava fields implementing different agroecosystem management. Biodiversitas 25: 2901-2907. Arthropod pests pose significant challenges to cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivation, with detrimental effects on yield and crop quality. Agroecosystem management plays a crucial role in shaping the populations of pests and their natural enemies. Therefore, understanding and implementing appropriate management practices are essential for developing integrated pest management approaches that are effective and environmentally friendly. Our study examined herbivorous and predatory arthropod abundance across six cassava plantations with varying management practices. Field characteristics were examined to elucidate the factors contributing to differences in arthropod assemblages observed among the fields. We used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to assess the differences in arthropod abundance across the plantations. Additionally, arthropod assemblage was analyzed using analysis of similarity based on the Bray-Curtis Index, with differences visualized using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plots. The high abundance of herbivorous arthropods in certain fields appeared linked to narrow plant spacing, which might facilitate pest dispersal. Furthermore, complete weed removal and the absence of organic fertilizer application, such as manure, could reduce predatory arthropod populations. Additionally, fields situated at lower altitudes demonstrated increased susceptibility to pest outbreaks. Therefore, strategic agroecosystem management is imperative, incorporating practices to mitigate pest population growth while conserving predatory arthropods. Comprehending the interplay between management practices and arthropod dynamics is crucial for developing sustainable pest management strategies in cassava cultivation.
Local and landscape effects on the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in citrus orchards of Malang and Batu, East Java, Indonesia ITO FERNANDO; FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD; RAHMAT FURQONI; M. BAYU MARIO; RETNO DYAH PUSPITARINI; IRISA TRIANTI; MUHAMMAD AKHID SYIB’LI; AKHMAD RIZALI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251052

Abstract

Abstract. Fernando I, Muhammad FN, Furqoni R, Mario MB, Puspitarini RD, Trianti I, Syib’li MA, Rizali A. 2024. Local and landscape effects on the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in citrus orchards of Malang and Batu, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3920-3927. Soil arthropods are crucial for sustaining the balance and function of agroecosystems. This study aimed to assess the diversity and abundance of detritivorous and predatory soil arthropods across various citrus orchards that differ in agroecosystem management practices and landscape composition. The study was conducted in nine citrus orchards from November 2023 to January 2024, with soil arthropod samples collected using Berlese funnels. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effects of management practices (local effects) on soil arthropod diversity and abundance, while Generalized Linear Model (GLM) analysis was employed to assess the effects of landscape composition (landscape effects) on soil arthropod diversity and abundance. Meanwhile, Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) based on the Bray-Curtis index was used to evaluate differences in soil arthropod composition. A total of 1,562 individuals were collected, representing 16 families, 11 orders, and 3 classes. Among the predatory groups, the most abundant family was Laelapidae, while Entomobryidae was the most dominant among detritivores. The diversity of both predatory and detritivorous arthropods was not influenced by variations in management practices. However, the abundance and composition of predatory arthropods were influenced by the frequency of organic fertilizer application, while detritivores were affected by weeding treatments. At the landscape scale, predator abundance positively correlated with the number of natural habitat patches and the area of citrus orchards. In contrast, detritivores were not influenced by landscape variables. This study highlights the critical roles of land management practices and landscape composition in shaping the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods.
Co-Authors AKHMAD RIZALI AKSHA FEBRYADI ALDY PURWANTORO AMINUDIN AFANDHI BAMBANG TRI RAHARDJO DENNIS WIBOWO FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD FERY ABDUL CHOLIQ IRISA TRIANTI M. BAYU MARIO Muhammad Ihsan MUHAMMAD AKHID SYIB’LI RAHMAT FURQONI Retno Dyah Puspitarini VANADYA DECEMBRY ALODYA PRADIFTA YOGO SETIAWAN YOSEP MINAR ALBERT NANDUS MARPAUNG