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All Journal KRTHA BHAYANGKARA West Science Law and Human Rights Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Punggawa Law Review
Muhammad Abdul Azis
Universitas Diponegoro
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Reconstructing Reliability Standards for Deepfake Detectors as Electronic Evidence in Indonesia’s Criminal Justice System Muhammad Abdul Azis; Pujiyono Pujiyono; Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 4 No. 03 (2026): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v4i03.3022

Abstract

The development of deepfakes has transformed the evidentiary problem of video and audio from file authentication into an assessment of the computational method used to determine media authenticity. This study has two objectives: to examine the legal position and limits of the probative value of deepfake detector outputs under Indonesian criminal procedure and to reconstruct an AI Forensic Reliability Test that safeguards authenticity, scientific reliability, and procedural fairness. It applies normative legal research through statutory, conceptual, comparative, and interdisciplinary approaches. The first finding indicates that detector outputs may enter proceedings through electronic evidence, examination reports, and expert testimony, but they do not constitute independent evidence or binary statements of truth. Their value depends on object authenticity, lawful acquisition, methodological validity, error rates, and corroboration. The second finding develops an AI Forensic Reliability Test comprising eight dimensions: object authenticity, model validity, data quality, error rates and calibration, robustness and generalization, traceability and reproducibility, expert competence and independent testing, and procedural fairness and accountability. The framework operationalizes the negative statutory theory of proof, epistemic reliability, machine testimony, due process of law, equality of arms, and accountable algorithms
Causative-Based Integral Policy As A Response To Criminogenic Factors In The Distribution Of Subsidized Fuel Muhammad Abdul Azis; Siti Fadila Nuramelia; Muhammad Thufail Ariiq; Alya Synthia Kurniawati; Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri; Misshouw Meilany Putri; Dafirly Salsadilla Dosanto
Punggawa Law Review Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Punggawa Law Review
Publisher : Punggawa Legacy Center

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Abstract

This study examines how non-adaptive oil and gas regulations function as criminogenic factors in the distribution of subsidized fuel and formulates an integral policy recommendation to address the misuse of subsidized fuel. This research uses a normative juridical approach with doctrinal legal research. Legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively within a normative framework. The findings show that the misuse of subsidized fuel is not solely caused by individual wrongdoing, but is also triggered by the mismatch between regulation, socio-economic conditions, and public access to energy. This disharmony creates criminogenic conditions that encourage various forms of distributional deviation. Effective countermeasures require a combination of penal, non-penal, and social policy approaches.
Tanggung Jawab Hukum Pemerintah Atas Ketimpangan Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan dalam Pemenuhan Hak Atas Kesehatan di Indonesia Dafirly Salsadilla Dosanto; Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri; Alya Synthia Kurniawati; Muhammad Thufail Ariiq; Siti Fadila Nuramelia; Misshouw Meilany Putri; Muhammad Abdul Azis
Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Juni: Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia
Publisher : PT. ALHAFI BERKAH INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62007/joumi.v4i2.849

Abstract

Inequality in health care facilities remains a legal problem because the right to health requires health services to be available, accessible, qualified, and non-discriminatory. This study analyzes the legal construction of health facility inequality in fulfilling the right to health in Indonesia and formulates a prescriptive model for strengthening the responsibility of the central and local governments. This research uses normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, while the analysis is conducted descriptively and prescriptively. The study finds that health facility inequality cannot be reduced to differences in the number of facilities because it also concerns the distribution of authority, minimum service standards, availability of health workers, digital infrastructure, financing, referral systems, and supervision. Indonesian health law has regulated the government’s responsibility for equitable access, yet it has not fully established an accountability mechanism connecting equitable distribution with planning, budgeting, evaluation, and policy correction. This study proposes a rights-based accountability model for health facility equalization by integrating needs mapping, minimum standards, affirmative policy for vulnerable regions, data integration, participatory evaluation, and administrative incentives and sanctions.
Causative-Victim Tracing for Integrative Criminal Policy on AI Deepfake Face and Voice Crimes in Indonesia Muhammad Abdul Azis; Pujiyono
KRTHA BHAYANGKARA Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): KRTHA BHAYANGKARA: AUGUST 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/krtha.v20i2.5666

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the weaknesses of Indonesia’s criminal law policy in responding to facial and voice AI deepfakes, and to formulate Causative-Victim Tracing as an application of integralistic criminal law policy. The method used is normative juridical research with conceptual, statutory, case, and limited comparative approaches. The findings show that deepfake regulation remains partial because it is fragmented across the Personal Data Protection Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Criminal Code, and the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes. These instruments can address certain acts, but they have not yet understood deepfake as a sequence of crime involving biometric data, AI technology, layered actors, platform distribution, digital evidence, and recurring harm to victims. This study offers Causative-Victim Tracing to connect the tracing of data sources, technology, actors, platforms, and evidentiary obstacles with the mapping of victims, forms of harm, protection, and recovery from the earliest stage.
Co-Authors Alya Synthia Kurniawati Dafirly Salsadilla Dosanto Misshouw Meilany Putri Muhammad Thufail Ariiq Pujiyono Pujiyono Pujiyono Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri Siti Fadila Nuramelia