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All Journal West Science Law and Human Rights Punggawa Law Review
Muhammad Abdul Azis
Universitas Diponegoro
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Reconstructing Reliability Standards for Deepfake Detectors as Electronic Evidence in Indonesia’s Criminal Justice System Muhammad Abdul Azis; Pujiyono Pujiyono; Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 4 No. 03 (2026): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v4i03.3022

Abstract

The development of deepfakes has transformed the evidentiary problem of video and audio from file authentication into an assessment of the computational method used to determine media authenticity. This study has two objectives: to examine the legal position and limits of the probative value of deepfake detector outputs under Indonesian criminal procedure and to reconstruct an AI Forensic Reliability Test that safeguards authenticity, scientific reliability, and procedural fairness. It applies normative legal research through statutory, conceptual, comparative, and interdisciplinary approaches. The first finding indicates that detector outputs may enter proceedings through electronic evidence, examination reports, and expert testimony, but they do not constitute independent evidence or binary statements of truth. Their value depends on object authenticity, lawful acquisition, methodological validity, error rates, and corroboration. The second finding develops an AI Forensic Reliability Test comprising eight dimensions: object authenticity, model validity, data quality, error rates and calibration, robustness and generalization, traceability and reproducibility, expert competence and independent testing, and procedural fairness and accountability. The framework operationalizes the negative statutory theory of proof, epistemic reliability, machine testimony, due process of law, equality of arms, and accountable algorithms
Causative-Based Integral Policy As A Response To Criminogenic Factors In The Distribution Of Subsidized Fuel Muhammad Abdul Azis; Siti Fadila Nuramelia; Muhammad Thufail Ariiq; Alya Synthia Kurniawati; Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri; Misshouw Meilany Putri; Dafirly Salsadilla Dosanto
Punggawa Law Review Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Punggawa Law Review
Publisher : Punggawa Legacy Center

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Abstract

This study examines how non-adaptive oil and gas regulations function as criminogenic factors in the distribution of subsidized fuel and formulates an integral policy recommendation to address the misuse of subsidized fuel. This research uses a normative juridical approach with doctrinal legal research. Legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively within a normative framework. The findings show that the misuse of subsidized fuel is not solely caused by individual wrongdoing, but is also triggered by the mismatch between regulation, socio-economic conditions, and public access to energy. This disharmony creates criminogenic conditions that encourage various forms of distributional deviation. Effective countermeasures require a combination of penal, non-penal, and social policy approaches.
Co-Authors Alya Synthia Kurniawati Dafirly Salsadilla Dosanto Misshouw Meilany Putri Muhammad Thufail Ariiq Pujiyono Pujiyono Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri Siti Fadila Nuramelia