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Integrating Augmented Reality into Problem-Based Learning: Effects on Elementary School Students' Critical Thinking in Science Yuni Krisnawati; Sandra Arhesa; Hos Arie Rhamadhan Sibarani; Ady Akbar; Achmad Salido
Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram Vol. 14 No. 3: July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/j-ps.v14i3.20928

Abstract

Developing students' critical thinking skills has become an increasingly important educational priority in the era of artificial intelligence. Despite the growing use of Augmented Reality (AR) in education, empirical evidence regarding its effectiveness in fostering elementary school students' critical thinking in science remains limited, particularly when integrated with Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This study investigated the effect of AR-assisted PBL on elementary students' critical thinking skills in science. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent pretest–posttest control group was employed involving 62 fifth-grade students (experimental group = 32; control group = 30). Both groups received identical problem-based science instruction on flora and fauna topics, while AR was integrated only into the experimental group. Students' critical thinking skills were assessed using an essay-based instrument developed according to the RED framework (Recognizing Assumptions, Evaluating Arguments, and Drawing Conclusions). Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses were conducted using an independent-samples t-test for the pretest and a one-tailed Mann–Whitney U test for the posttest. The findings revealed that students receiving AR-assisted PBL achieved significantly higher critical thinking scores than those receiving problem-based learning without AR (posttest mean = 81.72 vs. 75.83; p = 0.005), with a moderate educational effect (r = 0.329). These findings suggest that integrating interactive three-dimensional visualization within a problem-based learning environment facilitates scientific reasoning and supports the development of critical thinking beyond conceptual understanding alone. This study contributes to the growing literature on technology-enhanced science education by providing empirical evidence that AR functions most effectively as a pedagogical tool when embedded within inquiry-oriented learning environments. The findings also offer practical implications for designing more interactive and student-centered science instruction in elementary schools.
KAJIAN ETNOPEDAGOGI TERHADAP NILAI FILOSOFIS RUMAH ADAT TONGKONAN SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR Lutma Ranta Allolinggi; Ady Akbar; Titik Pitriani Muslimin; Sitti Hasnah; Sayidiman
Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang Vol. 12 No. 02 (2026): Volume 12 No. 2, Juni 2026 Public
Publisher : STKIP Subang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36989/didaktik.v12i03.16583

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the philosophical values embedded in the carvings of the Tongkonan Traditional House and analyze their potential as learning resources for elementary schools. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, utilizing document analysis and semi-structured interviews with Torajan cultural experts selected through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis involving data reduction, theme categorization, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that the carvings Pa' Barre Allo, Pa' Tedong, Pa' Londongan, Pa' Sussuk, and Pa' Don Bolu embody philosophical values of religiosity, gratitude, hard work, responsibility, leadership, mutual cooperation, unity, and tolerance. These values are relevant for integration into various elementary school subjects, including Pancasila Education, Science and Social Studies (IPAS), Religious Education, Indonesian Language, and Visual Arts. Furthermore, the findings indicate that Tongkonan carvings have strong potential as ethnopedagogical learning resources that foster character development, critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills. Therefore, the philosophical values embedded in Tongkonan carvings can be utilized to promote meaningful learning while simultaneously preserving Torajan cultural heritage