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All Journal Madani: Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal Journal Serambi Engineering (JSE)
Misbul Hadi
Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara, Aceh
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Characterization of Paper Produced from Rice Straw–Waste Paper Pulp Blends via Ethanol Organosolv Process Aisyah Protonia Tanjung; Nadya Yunisa Fahmi; Dewi Fitria Marlisa; Maisarah; Lusyana Eka Wardani; Misbul Hadi; Rahmatun Maula
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): Juli 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The utilization of lignocellulosic agricultural waste as an alternative raw material for paper production offers a sustainable approach to reducing dependence on wood-based pulp. This study investigated the mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of paper produced from blends of rice straw organosolv pulp and recycled waste paper pulp at a 1:1 ratio using 15 wt% polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) as binder. Sixteen paper samples were prepared under various ethanol concentrations (15–60 wt%) and cooking times (60–120 min). Mechanical characterization included tensile strength, elongation of break, and Young’s modulus, while surface morphology was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The tensile strength ranged from 2.06 to 4.22 MPa, elongation of break from 6.00 to 16.06%, and Young’s modulus from 0.155 to 0.529 MPa. All samples satisfied the minimum tensile strength requirement of SNI 14-6519-2001. SEM observations revealed that higher tensile strength was associated with denser and more homogeneous fiber networks with fewer voids and surface defects. The optimum tensile strength was achieved at 30 wt% ethanol and 60 min cooking time, indicating favorable fiber bonding and structural integrity.
Peran Hutan Kota dalam Menurunkan Suhu Lingkungan dan Polusi Udara Misbul Hadi; Madjid Ramadhana; Fauzan Syahmia; Salwa Mutiaa; Muhammad Ravia; Raja Amandaa; Abran Azizia
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 4, No 6 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21840249

Abstract

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon occurs when temperatures in urban areas are significantly higher than those in surrounding rural regions. This is primarily caused by the concentration of buildings, vehicles, and human activities that generate and retain heat. As a result, cities become considerably warmer, especially during the daytime, leading to reduced thermal comfort and a decline in residents' quality of life. This study examines the role of urban forests in mitigating this issue. Using a literature review method, the researcher analyzed various scientific sources to understand how urban forests contribute to lowering ambient temperatures and improving air quality. The findings indicate that trees in urban environments can reduce air temperatures by approximately 1–8°C through shading and evapotranspiration. In addition, urban forests play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide and mitigating the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions. The cooling effectiveness depends on factors such as tree species, canopy density, and the spatial arrangement of green spaces within the city. Therefore, the development and maintenance of urban forests represent an effective nature-based solution for creating cooler, healthier, and more sustainable cities in the face of increasingly extreme climate change.
The Impact of Air Pollution on the Physiological Vitality and Biodiversity of Forest Ecosystems Misbul Hadi; Rahma Ayu Saharani; Syahrul Pardamean Harahap; Ichsan Ananda Prananta; Nauval Perdana Inem; Anif Akrama; Nashami N
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 3, No 11 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18425747

Abstract

This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the impact of air pollution on forest ecosystem health and functioning, with a focus on identifying ecosystem sensitivity levels to major pollutants such as particulate matter (PM?.? and PM??), ozone (O?), sulfur dioxide (SO?), and nitrogen dioxide (NO?). Using a literature review approach with a quantitativecomparative method, this study compares forest conditions across different pollution levels through vegetation and soil sample data and statistical modeling. The results indicate that air pollution significantly affects plant physiology, including a reduction in chlorophyll content of up to 27% and canopy area by 18%, thereby inhibiting photosynthesis. In addition, a decline in biodiversity of 1525% and an increase in forest fire frequency by up to 1.4 times were observed, associated with high levels of tropospheric ozone. Soil quality also showed degradation, with a pH decrease of 0.81.2 points and increased accumulation of heavy metals (lead increased by 35% and cadmium by 22%), disrupting nutrient cycling. This study emphasizes the importance of using bioindicators, such as mosses and insects, in monitoring forest health. These findings provide an evidence-based foundation for policy recommendations to support mitigation strategies and sustainable forest management in order to maintain ecosystem vitality amid global environmental pressures.
Co-Authors Abran Azizia Aisyah Protonia Tanjung Anif Akrama Dewi Fitria Marlisa Fauzan Syahmia Ichsan Ananda Prananta Lusyana Eka Wardani Madjid Ramadhana Maisarah Maula, Rahmatun Muhammad Ravia Nashami N Nauval Perdana Inem Rahma Ayu Saharani Raja Amandaa Salwa Mutiaa Syahrul Pardamean Harahap Yunisa Fahmi, Nadya