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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Research of Service Administration Health and Sains Healthys
Retno Dwi Utami
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Public Health

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Herbal Prevention Potential Wibisono Hasanul Muhtaram; Mira Nupila Rahma; Ashila Sallama Nur Fadlila; Indri Tiffani; Lalu Abdul Mubarak; Retno Dwi Utami; Baiq Mayada Isqie; Florentcia Davina Gunawan; Made Prajnana Adhi Parasikan Susana; Nensy Dwi Astika; Pande Komang Inten Widya Iswara Oka; Kurniati Kurniati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.11899

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer has continued to increase, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), particularly chronic hyperglycemia, has been proposed as one of its contributing risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of herbal compounds as complementary approaches targeting molecular pathways linking T2DM and colorectal cancer. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed and ScienceDirect. Original articles published between 2021 and 2026, written in English, available in full text, and investigating single herbal compounds or plant extracts in colorectal cancer models were included. The reviewed studies demonstrated that several herbal compounds, including glycyrrhizin, freeze-dried jaboticaba peel, Osmanthus fragrans extract, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Corallocarpus glomeruliflorus extract, galangin, dictamnine, silymarin, Portulaca oleracea extract, and curcumin, modulated key molecular pathways involved in colorectal carcinogenesis, particularly NF-κB, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and YAP/TAZ signaling. Although these preclinical findings suggest potential complementary roles for herbal bioactive compounds in colorectal cancer prevention, further translational studies and well-designed clinical trials are required to confirm their efficacy and safety in individuals with T2DM.
Necrotizing Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) Post-MDT in Multibacillary Hansen’s Disease: A Case Report Mira Nupila Rahma; Made Prajnana Adhi Parasikan Susana; Wibisono Hasanul Muhtaram; Ashila Sallama Nur Fadlila; Indri Tiffani; Lalu Abdul Mubarak; Retno Dwi Utami; Baiq Mayada Isqie; Florentcia Davina Gunawan; Nensy Dwi Astika; Pande Komang Inten Widya Iswara Oka; Kurniati Kurniati; Yunita Hapsari
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12326

Abstract

Necrotic erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a rare and severe type 2 leprosy reaction that mainly affects patients with multibacillary Hansen's disease and may progress to tissue necrosis. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman with released-from-treatment (RFT) multibacillary Hansen's disease who presented with recurrent painful erythematous nodules, cutaneous necrosis, paresthesia, numbness, and peripheral neuropathy. Clinical examination revealed enlarged and tender peripheral nerves with sensory and motor impairment, while slit-skin smear demonstrated a bacteriological index of +3. Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and mild microcytic anemia, indicating an active inflammatory process. The patient was diagnosed with recurrent necrotic ENL after completion of multidrug therapy and was treated with systemic corticosteroids, analgesics, wound care, emollients, neurotropic supplementation, and iron therapy. Clinical improvement and a reduction in the bacteriological index were observed during follow-up, although recurrent skin lesions and residual sensory neuropathy persisted. This case emphasizes that necrotic ENL may occur after RFT and highlights the importance of early recognition, appropriate treatment, and close follow-up to reduce recurrence, prevent irreversible nerve damage, and improve long-term outcomes.
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Pharmacological Management of Pruritus in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Systematic Review Retno Dwi Utami; Nensy Dwi Astika; Made Prajnana Adhi Parasikan Susana; Florentcia Davina Gunawan; Baiq Mayada Isqie; Lalu Abdul Mubarok Mubarok; Indri Tiffani; Ashila Sallama Nur Fadlila; Mira Nupila Rahma; Wibisono Hasanul Muhtaram; Pande Komang Inten Widya Iswara Oka; Kurniati; Nurhidayati
Research of Service Administration Health and Sains Healthys Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): Research of Service Administration Health and Sains Healthys (September)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58258/ez7rj885

Abstract

Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune cholestatic liver disease marked by the progressive destruction of small intrahepatic bile ducts. Chronic pruritus affects about 70-80% of patients, can greatly diminish quality of life, and does not present with primary skin lesions. Its pathogenesis is complicated, and the lack of primary lesion signs continues to make management a clinical challenge. This review aims to discuss the pathophysiology and the effectiveness of current pharmacological therapies for pruritus associated with PBC. Literature searches were carried out using PubMed and ScienceDirect, with keywords relating to PBC, pruritus, and treatment. Only original research articles in English published from 2016 to 2026 were included. In total, 29 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed narratively. Pruritus in PBC involves several mediators, such as bile acids, autotaxin (ATX), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), interleukin-31 (IL-31), and changes in gut microbiota. Clinically, cholestatic pruritus is usually worse at night, especially on the palms and soles, and occurs without primary skin lesions. Several pharmacological therapies have shown promising results, particularly seladelpar, bezafibrate, cholestyramine, rifampicin, nalfurafine, and inhibitors of the ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT). On the other hand, farnesoid X receptor agonists like obeticholic acid may worsen pruritus for some patients. Pruritus in PBC is a complex and multifactorial clinical problem. Treatments that target bile acid metabolism, the ATX-LPA pathway, pruritogenic cytokines, and the opioid system have shown potential to reduce pruritus intensity and improve quality of life for patients.
Co-Authors Ashila Sallama Nur Fadlila Ashila Sallama Nur Fadlila Baiq Mayada Isqie Baiq Mayada Isqie Florentcia Davina Gunawan Florentcia Davina Gunawan Indri Tiffani Indri Tiffani Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Lalu Abdul Mubarak Lalu Abdul Mubarok Mubarok Made Prajnana Adhi Parasikan Susana Made Prajnana Adhi Parasikan Susana Mira Nupila Rahma Mira Nupila Rahma Nensy Dwi Astika Nensy Dwi Astika Nurhidayati Pande Komang Inten Widya Iswara Oka Pande Komang Inten Widya Iswara Oka Wibisono Hasanul Muhtaram Wibisono Hasanul Muhtaram Yunita Hapsari