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TEORI DAN PRAKTIK KEPEMIMPINAN POLITIK ISLAM DALAM MASYARAKAT PESANTREN: TINJAUAN KONSEPTUAL DAN TRANSFORMASINYA DI ERA DEMOKRASI DIGITAL Moh Diyaul Murtadho; Ach. Maimun; Abdullah; Moh. Chalilurrosyid; Suji; Moh. Kurdi
Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara
Publisher : STAI Nusantara Kota Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62901/j-ikhsan.v5i3.683

Kepemimpinan dalam Islam tidak dipahami semata sebagai jabatan struktural, melainkan sebagai amanah yang kelak dipertanggungjawabkan di hadapan Allah SWT dan masyarakat. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji konsep dan landasan kepemimpinan politik Islam, kriteria dan mekanisme pemilihan pemimpin, pandangan Islam terhadap kepemimpinan non-Muslim, serta relasi rakyat-pemimpin, kemudian mengontekstualisasikannya pada praktik kepemimpinan politik di masyarakat pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) melalui tahapan heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan sintesis atas sumber primer (Al-Qur'an dan Hadis) serta sumber sekunder berupa artikel jurnal dan buku. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip amanah, keadilan, musyawarah, dan kemaslahatan menjadi fondasi kepemimpinan politik Islam yang tetap relevan diterapkan dalam sistem demokrasi modern. Pada masyarakat pesantren, nilai-nilai tersebut terejawantah melalui peran kiai sebagai figur otoritatif yang tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai pembimbing keagamaan, tetapi juga mengalami transformasi menuju keterlibatan politik praktis, termasuk melalui pemanfaatan media digital sebagai sarana komunikasi politik. Sebagai kebaruan (novelty), artikel ini menawarkan model integratif yang menghubungkan prinsip-prinsip fiqh siyasah klasik (amanah, ‘adalah, syura, dan maslahah) dengan indikator good governance kontemporer (transparansi, akuntabilitas, partisipasi, dan responsivitas) sebagai kerangka evaluatif bagi kepemimpinan politik berbasis pesantren. Model ini diharapkan dapat menjadi instrumen analitis bagi kajian lanjutan mengenai peran pesantren dalam demokrasi lokal Indonesia

DIALEKTIKA EPISTEMOLOGI KEILMUAN PESANTREN DAN ILMU MODERN: ANALISIS KOMPARATIF DAN MODEL INTEGRASI MENUJU PENDIDIKAN ISLAM YANG BERKELANJUTAN Abdullah; Ach. Maimun; Moh. Kurdi; Moh Diyaul Murtadho; Fadlillah
Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara
Publisher : STAI Nusantara Kota Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62901/j-ikhsan.v5i3.684

Artikel ini mengkaji dikotomi epistemologis antara keilmuan pesantren dan ilmu-ilmu modern serta menawarkan model integrasi keduanya di tengah tantangan globalisasi dan revolusi digital. Kajian ini penting karena dikotomi al-ulum al-diniyyah dan al-ulum al-kauniyyah selama ini melahirkan generasi ilmuwan sekuler yang abai nilai spiritual di satu sisi, dan ahli agama yang gagap menghadapi persoalan kontemporer di sisi lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan struktur epistemologi keilmuan pesantren, mengidentifikasi karakteristik filosofis-sosiologis ilmu modern, serta merumuskan model sintesis-integratif bagi pendidikan Islam. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan (library research) dan analisis filosofis-komparatif atas sumber primer dan sekunder. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa keilmuan pesantren berpijak pada epistemologi bayani dan irfani yang bersumber dari kitab kuning, sanad, dan metode sorogan-bandongan, sedangkan ilmu modern bertumpu pada epistemologi burhani yang empiris, rasional, dan terbuka terhadap falsifikasi. Meskipun berbeda secara ontologis, epistemologis, dan aksiologis, kedua tradisi keilmuan ini memiliki titik temu yang dapat dijembatani melalui model islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan, integrasi-interkoneksi keilmuan, serta fenomena pesantren sains (trensains) yang kini berkembang di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dikotomi keilmuan merupakan kekeliruan sejarah yang perlu diakhiri, dan integrasi keilmuan pesantren-modern merupakan keniscayaan bagi keberlanjutan peradaban Islam.

INOVASI RITUAL DALAM PRAKTIK KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT PESANTREN: INTEGRASI INVENTED TRADITION, KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL, DAN EPISTEMOLOGI BAYANI, BURHANI, IRFANI DALAM DIALEKTIKA TUDUHAN BID'AH Fadlillah; Ach. Maimun; Moh Diyaul Murtadho; Abdullah; Suji; Moh. Chalilurrosyid; Moh. Kurdi
Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara
Publisher : STAI Nusantara Kota Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62901/j-ikhsan.v5i3.687

This article examines ritual innovation within pesantren communities as a form of religious creativity rooted in the continuity of Islamic scholarly traditions in the Indonesian archipelago. The study departs from the tension between the social and da'wah needs of pesantren communities to adapt religious rituals to socio-cultural change, and the accusations of bid'ah emerging from puritan Islamic groups. Unlike previous studies that tend to discuss pesantren rituals either descriptively-historically or theologically-normatively in isolation, this study offers a novelty in the form of an integrative analytical model that combines three theoretical frameworks at once: Eric Hobsbawm's invented tradition, Peter L. Berger's social construction of reality, and Mohammed Abed al-Jabiri's bayani-burhani-irfani epistemology, to provide a more comprehensive reading of the dialectic between traditional creativity and bid'ah accusations. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with sociological-philosophical approaches and a library research technique. The findings reveal that ritual innovation in pesantren is not merely a deviation from Islamic orthodoxy, but an adaptive mechanism that bridges religious texts and local cultural realities, while also reflecting an epistemological clash between literalist bayani reasoning and the fusion of bayani, burhani, and irfani that is alive within pesantren tradition. Therefore, the discourse of bid'ah should not be viewed solely as a rigid theological conflict, but as a dialectical contestation over religious authority, interpretation, and cultural legitimacy in contemporary Indonesian Islam.

TRADISI TASAWUF DI PESANTREN: TEORI, EKSISTENSI, KARAKTERISTIK, DAN PERANNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN KAUM SANTRI Suji; Ach. Maimun; Moh. Kurdi; Moh Diyaul Murtadho; Abdullah; Fadlillah; Moh. Chalilurrosyid
Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara
Publisher : STAI Nusantara Kota Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62901/j-ikhsan.v5i3.694

Sufism (tasawuf) is a branch of Islamic scholarship oriented toward spiritual cultivation and purification of the soul. Within the pesantren (Islamic boarding school) tradition, Sufism is not merely taught as academic content but is embodied in daily life through routinized worship, character formation, and pesantren culture. This study aims to analyze the theoretical foundation of pesantren Sufism, its existence within the pesantren educational system, its developing characteristics, and its role in the lives of santri (students). This qualitative-descriptive library research draws on classical Sufi texts, books, and scholarly articles, analyzed through content analysis and source triangulation. The findings show that Sufism in pesantren develops within a Sunni-Sufi orientation grounded in the Qur'an, Hadith, and Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah teachings. Its existence is sustained through the study of classical texts (kitab kuning), routine worship, the exemplary conduct of kiai, and religious practices, while continuously adapting to modernization without losing its doctrinal essence. Sufism further plays a strategic role in shaping santri character, strengthening social solidarity, preserving the Nusantara Islamic tradition, and instilling religious moderation and national responsibility. The study affirms that Sufism remains a relevant foundation for character education amid the dynamics of modern society.

TEOLOGI POLITIK OPOSISI DALAM ISLAM: REKONSTRUKSI NASIHAH, HISBAH, DAN MUHASABAH AL-HUKKAM SEBAGAI BASIS ETIKA CHECKS AND BALANCES DALAM DEMOKRASI KONSTITUSIONAL INDONESIA Moh. Kurdi; Ach. Maimun; Moh Diyaul Murtadho; Abdullah; Fadlillah; Moh. Chalilurrosyid; Suji
Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara
Publisher : STAI Nusantara Kota Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62901/j-ikhsan.v5i3.688

Discourse on Islamic politics has largely centered on the people's obedience to rulers (ulil amri), while the theological foundation for criticism, oversight, and opposition to power has rarely been systematically formulated within the framework of fiqh siyasah. This article examines the concepts of nasihah (sincere counsel), hisbah (public oversight), and muhasabah al-hukkam (evaluation of rulers) as a theological basis for political opposition in Islam, and compares them with checks-and-balances mechanisms in modern constitutional systems. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach through library research, involving heuristic, verification, interpretation, and synthesis of primary sources (the Qur'an and Hadith) and secondary sources such as journal articles, books, and legislation. The findings show that Islam provides a strong normative basis for oversight and criticism of rulers through the principles of nasihah and hisbah, accompanied by strict ethical limits on open rebellion (khuruj). As a novelty, this article proposes an integrative model of “Islamic Opposition Ethics” that maps these three classical principles onto three pillars of contemporary checks and balances—parliamentary oversight, judicial review, and public oversight through press freedom and civil society—all underpinned by the ethic of tabayyun (fact verification) as a filter against digital political disinformation. This model is expected to enrich contemporary fiqh siyasah discourse and serve as an analytical instrument for strengthening a culture of constructive opposition within Indonesia's constitutional democracy.

TRADISI TASAWUF DI PONDOK PESANTREN TEBUIRENG: EKSISTENSI, KARAKTERISTIK, DAN PERANNYA Moh. Chalilurrosyid; Ach. Maimun; Moh Diyaul Murtadho; Abdullah; Fadlillah; Suji; Moh. Kurdi
Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara
Publisher : STAI Nusantara Kota Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62901/j-ikhsan.v5i3.689

This study aims to analyze the influence of student organizations on students’ intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence at Harisul Khairaat Ome Islamic Boarding School, Tidore Islands City. Student organizations serve as a forum for student development, particularly in fostering leadership skills, responsibility, discipline, cooperation, and character formation. Therefore, their presence is expected to contribute to the enhancement of students’ intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence. This study employed a quantitative approach with a causal-associative research design. The research population consisted of 53 students, all of whom were selected as the sample using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire using a Likert scale. Prior to its use, the research instrument was tested for validity using Pearson’s Product-Moment correlation and for reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests consisting of normality and heteroscedasticity tests, and simple linear regression analysis. Hypothesis testing was conducted using a partial t-test and the coefficient of determination (R²) with the assistance of IBM SPSS Statistics version 31. The findings indicate that student organizations have a positive and significant influence on students’ intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence. The regression analysis produced the equation Y = 28.181 + 0.420X, indicating that every one-unit increase in student organization involvement increases the intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence score by 0.420. The t-test yielded a calculated t-value of 3.268 with a significance value of 0.002, which is lower than 0.05. Therefore, the research hypothesis was accepted. It can be concluded that student organizations have a significant influence on students’ intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence at Harisul Khairaat Ome Islamic Boarding School, Tidore Islands City. Keywords: student organization, intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence, Islamic boarding school

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