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All Journal Jurnal Maritim Malahayati
Alridho Rivaldhi Sukma Adji
Politeknik Pelayaran Malahayati
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Transportation

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OPTIMIZATION OF WATCHKEEPING DUTIES DURING CARGO LOADING AND UNLOADING OPERATIONS ON BOARD MV. TANTO EXPRESS Alridho Rivaldhi Sukma Adji; Siti Raudhah Maidari; Rahmat Kurnia
Jurnal Maritim Malahayati Vol. 7 No. 2, Juli (2026): Jurnal Maritim Malahayati
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Politeknik Pelayaran Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70799/jumma.v7i2, Juli.190

Abstract

Optimal watchkeeping is a decisive factor in ensuring the safety and efficiency of cargo loading and unloading operations on board. In practice, however, cargo watchkeeping aboard MV. Tanto Express has not been carried out optimally due to a range of operational constraints encountered on deck. This study aims to identify the factors that make watchkeeping ineffective, to assess the level of operational risk involved, and to formulate strategies for optimizing cargo watchkeeping duties. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, combining a Fishbone Diagram to trace the root causes of the problem with Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Risk Priority Number (RPN) calculations to rank risk priorities. The findings show that the principal contributing factors fall into four categories: man, method, machine, and environment. The highest RPN value, 256, was associated with the physical and mental fatigue experienced by watch officers during the 00:00-04:00 shift, which substantially reduces situational awareness. The proposed optimization strategies center on restructuring work-rest schedules, standardizing communication procedures, and improving the effectiveness of monitoring equipment during cargo-handling operations
Co-Authors Rahmat Kurnia Siti Raudhah Maidari