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All Journal Jurnal Ius Constituendum Journal of Legal and Cultural Analytics (JLCA)
Antonius Maria Laot Kian
Universitas Dirgantara Marsekal Suryadarma
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Proving the Element of Mens Rea in the Offence of Disseminating False and Misleading Information in Electronic Transactions: A Study of Tangerang District Court Decision Number 1240/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Tng Antonius Maria Laot Kian; Rizky Pratama Putra Karo Karo; Niru Anita Sinaga; Ariy Khaerudin
Journal of Legal and Cultural Analytics Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/jlca.v5i3.17261

Abstract

This study examines how the subjective element of mens rea is regulated and proven in the Indonesian offence of disseminating false and misleading information in electronic transactions. Using normative legal research with statutory, case, historical, comparative, and conceptual approaches, it analyses Tangerang District Court Decision Number 1240/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Tng concerning Indra Kenz, compared with Bale Bandung District Court Decision Number 576/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Blb. The study finds that Indonesian regulation is dispersed and procedural, lacking technical standards for inferring intent from digital traces, and that the court constructed intent from consequences rather than from knowledge and volition. The findings recommend technical guidelines aligning electronic evidence authentication with algorithmic accountability.
Reconstructing Cyber Mens Rea Through Electronic Evidence and Algorithmic Accountability Antonius Maria Laot Kian; Rizky Pratama Putra Karo Karo; Selamat Lumban Gaol; Subhan Zein Sgn
Jurnal Ius Constituendum Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): OCTOBER
Publisher : Magister Hukum Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/jic.v11i3.14738

Abstract

This study examines how mens rea in Indonesian cybercrime can be established through electronic evidence and algorithmic analysis, focusing on the legal standards governing the transition from digital traces to proof of criminal intent. Using normative legal research with statutory, case, conceptual, and comparative approaches, the study analyses Indonesian criminal evidence law and the ratio decidendi of Tangerang District Court Decision No. 1240/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Tng (Indra Kenz), with reference to comparative developments in other jurisdictions. The findings demonstrate that Indonesian law recognizes the legality and authenticity of electronic evidence but does not yet provide sufficiently specific standards for evaluating the inferential validity and evidentiary weight of technical or algorithmic outputs in establishing mens rea. The Indra Kenz decision shows that intent is reconstructed cumulatively from digital content, electronic communications, account activity, financial transactions, and analytical reports, creating a potential conflation between factual digital evidence, technical inference, and legal judgment. The novelty of this study lies in developing a three-layer cyber mens rea framework that integrates criminal-law doctrine with agentic computational law and algorithmic accountability: digital facts must satisfy legality, authenticity, integrity, and relevance; technical or algorithmic inferences must be transparent, explainable, auditable, and contestable; and the final determination of mens rea must remain with the judge based on the totality of admissible evidence. The framework provides a normative basis for regulating algorithmic evidence while safeguarding the presumption of innocence, due process, and meaningful human control over criminal responsibility.
Co-Authors Ariy Khaerudin Niru Anita Sinaga Rizky Pratama Putra Karo Karo Selamat Lumban Gaol Subhan Zein Sgn