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All Journal JHN: Journal of Health and Nursing Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Rita Evalina
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Changes in Platelet and CD4 Lymphocyte Counts After Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Children M. Alfarisyi Z; Rita Evalina; Olga Rasiyanti Siregar
JHN: Journal of Health and Nursing Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): JHN: Journal of Health and Nursing, May 2026
Publisher : ASIAN PUBLISHER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58738/jhn.v4i1.1805

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children causes immunological and hematological disturbances, most notably CD4+ T-lymphocyte depletion and thrombocytopenia. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication and may restore both, but pediatric data comparing these parameters remain limited. Objective. To compare platelet and CD4 lymphocyte counts before and after six months of ART in children with HIV. Methods. An observational analytic study with a retrospective cohort approach used medical records of children (aged 0–18 years) with HIV (ICD-10 B20) treated at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, from 2020 to 2025. ART-naive children with platelet and CD4 results within seven days before ART and at month six were included by consecutive sampling. Values were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (SPSS version 26.0); p<0.05 was considered significant. Results. A total of 74 children were analyzed (56.8% male; 45.9% good nutritional status; 75.7% without opportunistic infection). The most common regimen was zidovudine + lamivudine + nevirapine (28.4%). Median CD4 count rose from 429 to 503 cells/mm³ (p=0.002), whereas median platelet count rose from 304,000 to 323,000/µL without reaching significance (p=0.116). A positive directional relationship between the two parameters was observed after therapy. Conclusion. Six months of ART significantly increased CD4 lymphocyte count but not platelet count, largely because most children had normal baseline platelets. Routine complete blood counts alongside CD4 monitoring remain useful, and platelet count may serve as a simple adjunct marker of immune response.
Factors Associated with Ocular Disorders in Children with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Ivana Garcia Sembiring; Mahrani Lubis; Rosmayanti Syafriani Siregar; Rina Amelia; Rita Evalina; Aridamuriany D. Lubis
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1198

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving multiple organs and causing systemic damage, characterized by the formation of autoantibodies and immune complexes. Ocular involvement is estimated to occur in approximately one-third of individuals with SLE and may affect various ocular structures. Ocular manifestations associated with SLE are highly variable and may lead to delayed diagnosis, potentially resulting in poor outcomes and vision-threatening complications. To analyze risk factors associated with ocular disorders in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This was an analytic cross-sectional study conducted at the Allergy-Immunology outpatient clinic and pediatric inpatient ward of Adam Malik General Hospital starting in April 2025. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling. A total of 41 patients with SLE were analyzed. The duration of treatment was found to be a risk factor associated with ocular disorders in children with SLE (p=0.005). The prevalence of ocular disorders among children with SLE was 29.3%. The most common ocular disorder observed in children with SLE undergoing treatment was ocular hypertension, found in 9 patients (22%). Based on ordinal regression analysis, each additional year of treatment duration increased the likelihood of worsening therapeutic outcomes by 1.76 times (p<0.05). Treatment duration is a significant risk factor for ocular disorders in children with systemic lupus erythematosus, with ocular hypertension being the most common type of ocular disorder. Longer treatment duration increases the likelihood of worsening therapeutic outcomes.
Co-Authors Aridamuriany D. Lubis Ivana Garcia Sembiring M. Alfarisyi Z Mahrani Lubis Olga Rasiyanti Siregar Rina Amelia Rosmayanti Syafriani Siregar